同步北师大英语选修8新突破单元综合检测1含答案.docx
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同步北师大英语选修8新突破单元综合检测1含答案.docx
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同步北师大英语选修8新突破单元综合检测1含答案
单元综合检测
(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
PeoplelivingintheUKtakequiteafewholidaysabroadandinthecountryeachyear.Choicesmadeaboutwheretogo,howtogetthereandwhattodocaneitherbenefitorharmtheenvironment.
Whileonholiday
Manyofthethingsyoucandotothegreeneronholidaywillbethesamethingsyoucandoathome—buttherearealsosomeextrathingstoo,likeavoidinggiftsmadefromendangeredplantsandanimals.Herearesomesuggestions:
·Makingthemostoflocallyproducedfoodanddrink,andlocalactivitiesandattractionswillsupportpeopleintheareayouarevisitingandreducetheneedforfurtherenvironmentalinfluencefromtransport.
·Switchingoffanyairconditioning,heatingandlightswillhelpreduceclimatechangeeffect.
·Savewater—somecountriessufferfromwatershortagesandsavingwatercanhelpavoiddamagetoournaturalhabitats.
Endangeredspecies
Somegiftsandfoodsavailableinsomecountriescanbemadefromendangeredplantsoranimals.Checkbeforeyoubuy,butifyoudoubt,avoidanimalandplantgifts.MoredetailsofthetypesofproductstoavoidanyillegaltradehotspotscanbefoundontheSouvenirAlertwebpage.
Makingapositivecontributiontotheplaceyouarevisiting
Therearewaysinwhichyourholidaycanhelpsupportlocalpeopleandtheenvironment.
·Therearemanyopportunitiestovolunteerandhelpwithprojectsthatconserveandimprovenaturalhabitats.
·Whenyouareaway,orifyouarelookingforsomewheretovisit,youcansupportprojectsorattractionswhichprotectwildlife,suchasnaturereservesandconservationprojects.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了旅游时必须做到保护环境、保护野生动物。
1.Accordingtothepassage,wecantohelpreduceclimatechangeeffect.
A.makegooduseofwater
B.buylocalfoodanddrink
C.saveelectricity
D.goaroundonfoot
C [细节理解题。
根据Whileonholiday中的“Switchingoffanyairconditioning,heatingandlightswillhelpreduceclimatechangeeffect.”可知,减少气候变化影响可以从节约用电着手。
]
2.Weshouldcheckthegiftsandfoodsbeforebuyingbecause.
A.sometimestheyareofpoorquality
B.theymaynotbetypicallocalproducts
C.someofthemwilldoharmtoourhealth
D.theymaybemadefromendangeredanimalsorplants
D [细节理解题。
根据Endangeredspecies部分的第一、二句可知,答案为D。
]
3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.
A.itisnoteasyforpeopletotravelabroad
B.noteveryonecantellanillegalsouvenir
C.greenholidayshavebeenacceptedbypeople
D.volunteerworkisamustforprotectingnaturalhabitats
B [推理判断题。
根据常识并结合Endangeredspecies部分中的第二句“...butifyoudoubt,avoidanimalandplantgifts.”可知,并不是每个人都能辨别非法纪念品。
]
B
SincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot“greener”towardtheenvironment.“Wedidn'tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.
Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrassrootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.“Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,”saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin
whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.
AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports
emissions(排放)fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5milliontons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“greenthinking”hasbecomepartofpractices.
Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recyclingprograms;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.
Twentyfiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it'shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.“Untilwedothatnothingelsewillchange!
”saysBruceAnderson.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。
介绍了环保意识在美国从无到有,逐渐增强,环保教育势在必行。
4.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout.
A.thesocialmovement
B.recyclingtechniques
C.environmentalproblems
D.theimportanceofEarthDay
C [细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句中的“‘Wedidn'tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit’”可知,1970年以前美国人对环境问题所知甚少。
]
5.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?
A.Thegrassrootslevel.
B.Thebusinesscircle.
C.Governmentofficials.
D.Universityprofessors.
A [细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句中的“especiallymillionsofgrassrootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement”可知,数以百万计的草根美国人才是支持环保的中流砥柱。
]
6.WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?
A.Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.
B.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.
C.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.
D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.
D [推理判断题。
根据第三段所列举的那些数字可知,美国人采取了有效措施,污染问题大为缓解。
]
7.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Education. B.Planning.
C.Greenliving.D.COreduction.
A [推理判断题。
根据最后一段内容推断,环保意识教育至关重要。
另外,“educationprogramsforenvironment”是提示。
]
C
Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.
Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!
Whyundermybed!
”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.
Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutewithoutaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers,weeping.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart,slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomywonthatIevendidn'tnoticedKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme.“Thanks.”
KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn'talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:
givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.
【语篇解读】 作者与室友生活习惯迥异,冲突在所难免。
在室友遭遇悲痛之时,作者以实际行动表达自己的同情,从而达成和好。
作者从中懂得一个道理:
让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。
8.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?
A.Shecouldn'tfindherbooks.
B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.
C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.
D.Shesawtheauthor'sshoesbeneathherbed.
D [细节理解题。
从第二段Iheardherscreaming.“Takeyourshoesaway!
Whyundermybed!
”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme等句可知,室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子,故选择D。
]
9.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause.
A.shewasscaredbyKate'sanger
B.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessy
C.shewantedtoshowhercare
D.shewasaskedbyKatetodoso
C [推理推断题。
从第三段Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.一句可知,作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同情而表达自己的关切,故选择C。
]
10.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?
A.Byanalyzingcauses.
B.Byshowingdifferences.
C.Bydescribingaprocess.
D.Byfollowingtimeorder.
B [细节理解题。
根据第一段Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Sowebothgottiredofeachother.可知讲的是作者与室友在日常习惯上的种种差异,故选择B。
]
11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?
A.MyFriendKate
B.HardWorkPaysOff
C.HowtoBeOrganized
D.LearningtoBeRoommates
D [主旨大意题。
文章最后作者表达了自己叙述这个故事的意图:
就是懂得了与室友相处的关键,故选择D。
]
D
Mostearthquakesoccurwithintheupper15milesoftheearth'ssurface.Butearthquakescananddohappenatalldepthstoabout460miles.Theirnumberdecreasesasthedepthincreases.Atabout460milesoneearthquakehappensonlyeveryfewyears.
Theextentofthedisasterinanearthquakedependsonmanyfactors.Ifyoucarefullybuildatoyhousewithanerectset(竖直的底座),itwillstillstandnomatterhowmuchyoushakethetable.Butifyoubuildatoyhousewithapackofcards,aslightshakeofthetablewillmakeitfall.AnearthquakeinAgadir
Morocco,wasnotastrongearthquake,butitcompletelydestroyedthecity.Manystrongerearthquakeshavedonecomparativelylittledamage.Ifabuildingiswellconstructedandbuiltonsolidground,itwillresistanearthquakeanddolittledamage.Mostdeathsinearthquakeshavebeenduetowrongbuildingconstructionorpoorbuildingsites.Athirdandveryseriousfactorispanic.Whenpeoplerushoutintonarrowstreets,moredeathswillresult.
Thereisonetypeofearthquakedisasterthatlittlecanbedoneabout.Thisisthedisastercausedbyseismicseawaves,ortsunamis.Incertainareas,earthquakestakeplacebeneaththeseaandcausegreatseawaves.Thewavesarenotnoticeableoutatseabecauseoftheirlongwavelength.Butwhentheyrollintoharbors,theypileupintowallsofwater6to60feethigh.TheJapanesecallthem“tsunamis”,meaning“harborwaves”,becausetheyreachasizableheightonlyinharbors.
Tsunamistravelfairlyslowly,atspeedsupto500milesanhour.Anadequatewarningsystemisinuse
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