河北武邑中学届高三年级月考.docx
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河北武邑中学届高三年级月考.docx
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河北武邑中学届高三年级月考
河北武邑中学2020届高三年级12月月考
英语
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
IwasinthegardenwithAugie,mygrandson,watchingthebees.“Howdotheymakehoney?
”Augieasked.“Actually,Augie,Idon’tknow,”Ireplied.“But,Grandma,youhaveyourphone,”hesaid.ForAugie,holdingasmartphonealmostmeansknowingeverything.
DuringmychildhoodIwascrazyaboutbooks.Overtime,readinghijackedmybrain,aslargeareasonceprocessingtherealworldadaptedtoprocessingtheprintedword.AsfarasIcantell,thisearlyimmersion(沉浸)didn’tpreventmydevelopment.
Manyparentsworrythat“screentime”willdamagechildren’sdevelopment,butrecentresearchsuggeststhatmostofthecommonfearsaboutchildrenandscreensareunfounded.Thereisoneexception:
lookingatscreensbeforebedreallydisturbssleep,inpeopleofallages.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP)usedtorecommendstrictrestrictionsonscreenexposure.Lastyear,theorganizationexaminedtherelevantsciencemorethoroughlyandchangeditsrecommendations.Thenewguidelinesstressthatwhatmattersiswhatchildrenwatchandwithwhom.
Newtoolshavealwaysledtopanicguesses.Thenovel,thetelephone,andthetelevisionwerealldeclaredtobetheEndofCivilization,particularlyinthehandsoftheyoung.Partofthereasonmaybethatadultbrainsrequirealotoffocusandefforttolearnsomethingnew,whilechildren’sbrainsaredesignedtomasternewenvironmentsnaturally.Newtechnologiesalwaysseemdisturbingtotheadultsattemptingtomasterthem,whileattractivetothosechildrenlikeAugie.
WhenAugie’sfathergothome,Augierushedtomeethimandsaidinexcitement.“Daddy,Daddy,look,”hesaid,reachingformyphone.“Doyouknowhowbeesmakehoney?
I’llshowyou…”
21.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“hijacked”inParagraph2?
A.occupied.B.damaged.C.improved.D.relaxed.
22.WhatdothenewguidelinesofAAPfocusonabout“screentime”?
A.Theharmtochildren.B.Thecontentandcontext.
C.Children’ssleep.D.People’sfears.
23.Whatmightbetheauthor’sattitudetowards“screentime”?
A.Opposed.B.Doubtful.C.Disappointed.D.Favorable.
B
Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.
Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons–anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.
Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.
Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans’needforwood,whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.
In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.
24.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons_______.
A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld
B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica
C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment
D.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS
25.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons’______.
A.escapeB.liberationC.ruinD.evolution
26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?
A.Tomakemoney.B.Tosaveotherbirds.C.Toseekpleasure.D.Toprotectcrops.
27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?
A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.
C.Itwasunfair.D.Itwasstrict.
C
Someofthemostpowerfulcompaniesintheworldhaveco-founders.Forexample,Google(SergeyBrinandLarryPage),Apple(SteveWozniakandSteveJobs),andMicrosoft(BillGatesandPaulAllen)andsoon.Havingpartnerscanhelptodealwiththepressureandthefailuresthatcomewithrunningabusiness.Nomatterhowdownonyourluckyoufeeltheymayprovideemotionalsupport.Theymayhaveextraskills,andbeonhandtohelpoutwiththeday-to-day.Andanalternatepointofviewmayhelptobroadenyourmindandaidtheriskofmistakesbeingoverlooked.
EverybodyknowsSamsungsGalaxyNote7.Whenthephonewaslaunchedin2016,customerspraiseditforitsstorage,designandusability,anditmaywellhavebeenahitifitweren’tforthefactthatitoccasionallycaught
fireandexploded.Itwassoonbannedimmediatelyfromflights,andSamsunghadnochoicebuttorecalltheentiremodel.Theshortcomingreportedlycostthecompany$1billion,andafurther$17billioninlostsales.Butremember,basedonthelesson,theGalaxyNote8andtheGalaxyNote9arewellreceivedintheworld!
Nowweknowthatfailingispartofbusinesssuccess.
Onethingthatallgreatcompanieshaveincommonisthattheyhavefailedmanytimes—andluckily,theybouncedback.TakeSarahBlakely,founderofshapewearbrandSpanx,forexample.Shecreditsherbusinesssuccessspecificallytoherfailures.“I’dgetkickedoutofbuildingsalldaylong,”sheremembered.“Peoplewouldtearupmybusinesscardinmyface.ButmyfriendsandIknewIcouldsellandIknewIwantedtosellsomethingIhadcreated.Ilearnedthat‘no’doesn’talwaysmean‘no’,andthatyoumayget30nosbeforeyougettheoneyes.PeopletoldmenowithSpanxfortwoyears.”Spanxisworthjustover$Ibillion—itwasacompanythatBlakelywhotookadegreeinalawschoolstartedwithjust$5000!
28.What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?
A.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.
B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.
C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.
D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.
29.WhydoestheauthormentionSamsungsGalaxyNote7,8and9?
A.Toexplainthatfailuresdon’tspelltheend.
B.Toarguecustomersalwaysfollowthenewtrends.
C.ToproveSamsungisresponsibleforcustomers.
D.ToshowSamsungpaidforitsproductfailure.
30.WhatmainlycontributedtoSarahBlakely’ssuccess?
A.Herfriends’help.B.Hergoodluck.C.Herwillpower.D.Hereducationbackground.
31.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?
A.Bycontrast.B.Byclassification.C.Bygivingnumbers.D.Bygivingexamples.
D
Rescueworkershadcollected820birdsfromtheGulfofMexicooilspill,themajorityofthemalreadydead.ThecurrentspillpromisestobethelargestinUShistory,andascleanupeffortsstretchacrossthesummer,it'sclearthatmoreoiledbirdswillbefound,stuckandsufferingintheblackstickliquid.Andastheydowitheveryoilspill,rescueworkerswillgotogreatlengthstocaptureandcleanthesurvivorshopingtorestorethemtotheirnaturalhabitat.
Isitworththeeffort?
Somescientistsaren’tsosure.Becausethestressofbeingcapturedandbathedisassignificantasthehorrorofbeingimmersedinoil,andbecauseresearchsuggeststhatmanyrescuedbirdsdieshortlyafterbeingreleased,someexpertssayeuthanasia(安乐死)isamorehumaneoption.
Cleanbirdfeathersrepelwater(防水)andregulatebodytemperaturewhiledirtyonesdon't.Oilinparticularmakesfeathersheavieranddecreasestheirabilitytotrapair,whichinturnmakesbirdsweakandbecomeeasiertodrowning,overheatingandorgandamage.Ofcourse,beingcapturedandcleanedisnopicniceither.Somebirdswindupreturningtotheirdestroyedhabitatsonlytofallvictimtotheoilagain.Andthosewhomanagetoavoidasecondoilbathsufferdramaticallyshortenedlifespans(跨度)andlowerreproductivesuccess.OfthethousandsofbirdsthatwererescuedfromthePrestigeoilspilloffthecoastofSpainin2002,only600werereleasedintothewild;mostoftherestdiedafterjustafewdaysincaptivity.
However,birdrescuerssaytheyhavelearnedalotabouthowtobesthelpoil-soakedbirds,andthattherefore,survivalratesstandtoincreasethistimearound.Inthepast,birdswerecleanedrightaway,andvolunteersoftenworkedthroughthenightbathingrescuedbirds.Butnow,capturedbirdsarelefttorestforadayortwobeforebeingcleaned,andonlywashedduringtheday,soasnottodisrupttheircircadian(生理的)rhythms.Butpartofthatincreasemaybeduetogreaterselectivityonthepartofrescuers.Theworkersdobloodtestsrightinthefieldnowandbirdsthatareloadedwithhydrocarbons(碳氢化合物)ordon’tlooklikethey’regoingtomakeitareputdownrightaway,ratherthansubjectedtothestressofcaptivityandcleaning.
Andsofar,whilereleaseratesmaybeimproving,thereislittleevidenceofbettermediumorlong-termsurvival,especiallyforthemore-diffic
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