人工智能英文版.ppt
- 文档编号:1160412
- 上传时间:2022-10-18
- 格式:PPT
- 页数:20
- 大小:1.04MB
人工智能英文版.ppt
《人工智能英文版.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《人工智能英文版.ppt(20页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Artificialintelligence,Canitreplaceahumanbrainoneday?
Artificialintelligenceistousecomputerstoanalogandinsteadofhumanbrain.Theadventofcomputershasmadeartificialintelligenceamajorbreakthrough.Thecomputercannotonlyreplacesomeofthehumanbrainfunction,butexceedthehumanbraingreatlyinspeedandaccuracy.Itcannotonlysimulatepartofanalysisandthecomprehensivefunction,butisgettingtodisplayacertaincharacteristicsofconsciousness.Itreallybecameanextensionofthehumanbrain.,WhatisAI?
Theexcitingnewefforttomakecomputersthinksmachinewithminds,inthefullandliteralsense”(Haugeland1985),“Theartofcreatingmachinesthatperformfunctionsthatrequireintelligencewhenperformedbypeople”(Kurzweil,1990),“Thestudyofmentalfacultiesthroughtheuseofcomputationalmodels”(Charniaketal.1985),Afieldofstudythatseekstoexplainandemulateintelligentbehaviorintermsofcomputationalprocesses”(Schalkol,1990),Systemsthatthinklikehumans,Systemsthatthinkrationally,Systemsthatactlikehumans,Systemsthatactrationally,ViewsofAIfallintofourcategories:
WhatisAI?
AI,Searchengines,Labor,Appliances,Science,Whatelse?
AI,HondaHumanoidRobot,Walk,Turn,Stairs,Turingtest(1936),Alanturing(1912-1954)Computerscanfoolpeople,peoplewhobelieveitisnotthemachine,thenitshouldbecalledintelligent.,1956,theAmericanscholarMcCarthywhoisconsideredthefatherofartificialintelligenceoforganizedaSociety,manyexpertsandscholarsgatheredtogetherforadiscussionofuptotwomonths.InvitingthemtoparticipateintheSummerDartmouthArtificialIntelligenceResearchSociety.Sincethen,thisfieldisnamedartificialintelligence,McCarthy麦卡锡,BirthofAI,McCarthy麦卡锡,Minsky明斯基,Shannon香农,BirthofAI,Simon-1975,Newell-1975,More,Samuel,Selfridge,Solomonff莫尔(Princeton),塞缪尔(IBM),塞尔夫里奇,索罗莫夫(MIT),BirthofAI,Inmachinelearning,in1957Rosenblatt(罗森布拉特)successfullydevelopedPerceptron(感知机);Intheoremproving,in1958WangHaointheIBM-704machinewitha3-5minuteprovedall220theorem“PrincipiaMathematica”intherelevantpropositionalcalculus;In1965,Robinsonmadeduetotheresolutionprinciple(归结原理);Inpatternrecognition(模式识别),1959Selfridge(塞尔福里奇)launchedapatternrecognitionprogram;1965Robertspreparedadistinguishedbuildingblockconstructionprocedures(可分辨积木构造程序);,Thefirst10yearsofachievement,Intermsofproblemsolving(问题求解):
1960Newell(纽厄尔)compiledauniversalproblemsolver(GPS),cansolve11differenttypesofproblems;Inexpertsystems(专家系统):
theresultsofthe1968Feigenbaum(费根鲍姆)developedDENDRALexpertsystemandputintouse;Intheartificialintelligencelanguage(人工智能语言):
1960McCarthy(McCarthy)developedtheartificialintelligencelanguage-LISPlanguage.,Thefirst10yearsofachievement,SecondaryTranslation-MachineTranslationthespiritiswillingbutthefleshisweakthevodkaisgoodbutthemeatisrottenCombinatorialexplosionproblem(组合爆炸)Thefactthataprogramcanfindasolutioninprincipledoesnotmeansthattheprogramcontainsanyofthemechanismsneededtofinditinpractice.Perceptronlimitations(感知机局限性)Atwo-inputperceptroncannotbetrainedtorecognizewhenitstwoinputsaredifferent.,Difficulties(thelate1960s),Feigenbaum(费根鲍姆)presentedKnowledgeEngineeringatthe5thIJCAI(InternationalJointConferenceOnArtificialIntelligence,国际人工智能联合会议),KnowledgeEngineering(1977),HopfieldNeuralNetworks(Hopfield,霍普菲尔德,1982)Back-propagationalgorithm(Rumelhart&McClelland,鲁梅尔哈特,麦克莱伦德1986)Itsthemostcommonneuralnetwork,NeuralNetworks,ComputationalIntelligencethriving(90s-now),ArtificialNeuralNetwork人工神经网络GeneticAlgorithm遗传算法FuzzyReasoning模糊推理AntColonyAlgorithm蚁群算法ParticleSwarmOptimization粒子群优化ArtificialImmuneSystem人工免疫系统,Enthusiasm(狂热),ComputationalIntelligence,国际人工智能联合会议,TheHistoryofAI,May1997,theU.S.IBMs“DeepBlue”supercomputerbeattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov(卡斯帕罗夫).,Thegreatachievementsofartificialintelligence,Canitreplaceahumanbrainoneday?
Altificialintelligence(人工智能)Turingtest(图灵测试)patternrecognition(模式识别)expertsystems(专家系统)NeuralNetwork(神经网络),Thankyou!
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 人工智能 英文