电影片名翻译与语境适应论.docx
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电影片名翻译与语境适应论.docx
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电影片名翻译与语境适应论
1Introduction
Asweallknown,filmisanaudio-visualart.Thisglamorousactisamagnificentgeminhumanhistory,whichcreatesromanticstoriesandleadshumanintoamarvelouslandwehavenevercomebefore.Lookingbacktothedevelopmenthistoryoffilm,wecannotdenythatfilmreflectsthesocietyrealityandthetimespirit.AstheculturalexchangebetweenChinaandoverseasbecomebooming,filmplaysanimportantroleascultureenvoy.Filmwasentrustedwiththemissiontoletmorepeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundstoenjoytheentertainmentandshareadvancedtechnologytogether.Thisisanunavoidabletrendintheworldnow.
Asthemostpopularformofmasscommunication,filmhasaccompaniedhumanforalmostonecentury.Inthelonghistory,filmindustryexperiencessixseriouschanges.Fromtheeraoffilm’sfatherLiasterbrothertakingblackandwhitedocumentaryintopeople’slifetotheeraoftalkie,ever-bigchangeoffilmindustryhasremarkablesignificanceinhumanhistory.Countlessfamousfilmstarsshowtheircharmingglamouronthescreenandmanyexcellentfilmsarepopularwithaudienceinthewholeworld.Enteringinto21century,thefilmindustrycontinuestodeveloprapidly,whichisentrustedwiththemissiontoletmorepeoplewithdifferentculturalbackgroundunderstandforeignculture.Asthedevelopmentofsociety,thetrendoffilmimportingandexportingisunavoidableduetotheglobalism.
SincethepolicyofreformandopeningcarriedoutinChinaattheendof1970s,anincreasingamountofEnglishfilmshaveenteredChinesemarketandtheChinesefilmindustryhasdevelopedinthemeantime.Bothsidesneedtosharethemarketandspreadcultureofeachother.Therefore,itiscurialtobeacceptedbytheaudiencefromotherculturalbackground.Undoubtedly,filmtitletranslationisanimportantsegmentconcerted,whichisfarfrombeingexplored.Filmtitlemusterstheessenceofthefilmwholly,andinsomesense,asuccessfulfilmtitleshouldbetheonethatcanattractpeopletothecinema.Agoodtranslatorshouldtranslatethefilmtitleinthebaseofthecontextualadaptation,whichreflectstheculturesurroundingsofaudiencesuchassocietycurrentsituation,religionandhistory.Thoseobjectivefactorsareindirectcontactwithacceptanceandcomprehensionofaudience.Actually,itishightimethatfilmtitletranslationshouldpaymoreattentiontothecontextualadaptationfield.ThispapermakesatentativestudyofChineseandEnglishfilmtitletranslationwithanattempttoformulatesomepracticaltheoriesandmethodstoexplorefilmtitletranslation.
Thefilmtitlemusterstheessenceofthefilmwholly,andinsomesense,asuccessfulfilmtitleshouldbetheonethatcanattractpeopletothecinemaandthatshouldbecomeagreatbox-officehit.
Theintenserivalryofbigfilmcompaniesimpelsallfilminvestorstopaycarefulattentiontotheinternationalmarket.However,filmtitletranslationisaprocesstomasterthepsychologyandacceptanceofforeignaudiences.Namely,thisprocessisacruelsegmenttoenterinternationalmarket.Theaimoftranslatingfilmtitleistoinherit,thatistosay,thetranslatorshouldapplyaudience-orientedtranslationskillsonthebaseofreferringtofilmcontentinordertoenterintothemarketsuccessfully.Theaimoffilmtitletranslationlaythepositionofdisseminatingfilm.Translationisnotjusttheprocessoflanguagetransferring,butthesocietyphenomenonofcultureexchange.[1]Thegreatmissionoffilmtitletranslationistoincarnatetheculturevalueanddeveloptheunderstandingbetweendifferentcountries.
Beingaspecialandsignificantpartoftranslation,filmtitletranslationhasbeenpilotedfrommanyaspects,suchastheangleofrecept
ionaesthetics,theperspectiveofskopostheorieandculturalperspective.Agreatportionofscholarskeeptheireyesonreceptionaestheticswhichhasoftenbeentakenasthetheoreticalbackgroundtoanalyzefilmtitletranslation.Basedonthosetheories,typicalmodelsareestablishedaimingatprovidingthetheoreticalframeworktoguidefilmtitletranslation.Thosefruitfulresearchcontributealottothework.However,tillnownotasingletheoryortheoreticalframehasbeensetuptoguidethefilmtitletranslation,whichisfarfrombeingexploredinthepastyears.
Contextualadaptation,anewlydevelopedfieldinChina,isadoptedasthetheoreticalbackgroundofthispaperandanaudience-orientedEnglishandChinesefilmtitletranslationapproachishighlyadvocated.ThereceptionprocessisakindofContextualadaptation,andthecontextualadaptationsignificanceofaliteraryworkcannotbefullyrealizedwithoutthereader’sreception.Contextualadaptationprovidesuswithanewperspectiveoftherelationshipbetweenfilmandaudience.Exploringthesources,typesandstylesoffilmtitle,thispaperclaimsthattranslatingfilmtitleisonthebaseoffour-foundationrule:
informationvalueprinciple,culturevalueprinciple,aestheticappreciationprincipleandbusinessvalueprinciple.Accordingly,thispaperputforwardthreebasictranslatingmethodswiththeguidanceofcontextualadaptation,whichareliteraltranslation,transliterateandadaptation.Thenthepaperwillraisethosetranslatingapproacheswithrichexamplestoelaboratetheimportanceandthewayofapplyingcontextualadaptation.
Contextualadaptationservesasthetheoreticalbaseofthispaperduetoitsapparentapplicabilityofthisnewlydevelopedfield,whichistestifiedasguidingprinciples.Convincingexamplesandpropermethodshavebeengiven.ChapterOnegivestheimportanceintroductionoffilmtitletranslation,fromtheangleofsocialdevelopmentandtheangleoftheaimoftitletranslation.ChapterTwosatesthedefinition,contentandimportanceofcontextualadaptation.ChapterThreestudiestheapplicationofthecontextualadaptationinfilmtitletranslation,whichincludesfour-foundationruleandthreebasictranslatingmethodswithtypicalexamplesoffilmtitletranslation.
2MainFactorsInTheTranslationOfFilmTitle
Thetranslatorshouldbearinmindthattherearesomemainfactorsinthetranslationoffilmtitle.AestheticPrinciple,Ideology,ThemeandStyleoffilmarethemainpointsthatneedcarefulconsiderationintheprocessoffilmtitletranslation.Then,inthischapter,thekeyfactorsoffilmtitletranslationwillbeanalyzedaccordingtorichexamples.
2.1AestheticPrincipleAndTheTranslationOfFilmTitle
Chineseaestheticsemphasizesthebalanceverymuch,particularlyinusingtheorganizationalstructureofthelanguagelikeaparallelsymmetry.Therefore,Four-c
haracterphraseologyiscommonlyusedinChinesefilmtitlesandthetranslatedtitlesofforeign,suchtranslatedtitlesas卢浮魅影,生死时速,完美风暴,一往无前,永不妥协,天使之城,择日而亡,霹雳娇娃,狼犬丹尼,冰河世纪,etc.
Westerners'aestheticconceptsisputtingmoreemphasisonanalysisandpayingmoreattentiontolocalandindividualandadvocatingconcisenesswhichisreflectonthefilmtitlesdirectly.Substantialfactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofthefilmplot(suchaspeople,objects,things,location,etc.)orasingletermareusedasafilmtitleuniversally,likethenet,Saw,thepiano,Congo,ghost,thecar,coldmountain,KingKong,etc.SonowmanyChinesefilms,accordingtotheappreciatingcustomandpsychology,adoptthetranslatedtitlesasbriefaswesternfilms’,suchas决战紫禁之颠intotheDual;Jetlee’slatestfilm霍元甲withthenameFearless;ChenKaige’sblockbuster无极withitstranslatedtitlethePromise;看上去很美withtheLittleRedFlower,etc.
2.2IdeologyAndTheTranslationOfFilmTitle
TheconceptofideologyhasbeenbroadeninganditsintroductiontoTranslationStudieshasenabledresearcherstoprobeintosometranslationalphenomena,whichmighthavebeenneglectedotherwise.Theideologicalmanipulationintranslationcouldreferto"anyinterferencewiththetextisitcultural,religious,politicalorotherwise,imposingmodificationsthatarenottextualconstraints,forthepurposeofindoctrination".[2]
Asgrowingandlivinginthedifferentsocialsystem,theideologyofChinesepeopleandwesternersarequitedifferentevendifferentbetweenHongKong,Taiwanandchinamainland.thetitleofChinesefilm红色恋人audienceknowclearlyitisabouttheloveoftheCommunistinhardyears.Butinwesterners’mind,ononehand,theymaynotunderstandredloverindicateacoupleofCommunistlover,ontheotherhand,eveniftheyknowthetindicativemeaningoftheredinchina,theydonotidentifywithCommunistatall.SoitisagoodchoicetoadoptcreativetranslationwiththefilmEnglishtitleatimetoremember.
2.3ThemeAndStyleOfTheFilm
Usuallythethemeandstyleofthefilmisrelatedtothefilmtitlescheekbyjowl.Naturallyitiscloselyrelatedtothetranslationofthefilmtitlesaswell.Agoodtranslatedtitleshouldreflectthemainideaofthefilmproper,wellandtruly,whichembodythethemeandgiveprominencetothestyleofthefilm.
Toclassifythe63filmsaccordingtoitsthemeasfollows:
Wecanseethefilmtitlesofdifferenttypesabovewithdifferentcharacteristics,Documentaryfilmisthetrackrecordoftruelifeandaffairsintheworld,soitstranslatedtitleneedbriefanddirectwithoutanyexaggerationormorespecialtranslatingtechniques.Ethicalfilmsusuallyhaveprofoundsocialmeaningsandethicalthinking,whichhaveseriousandelevatedtopicsintrulysense.Sothetranslatedtitlesofethicalfilmdonotneedtobeaddedsomeelementsintranslating,astheprimaryfilmnamehasbeenthebestsummaryofthefilm.Astothelegend-basedfilms,warfilmsandpoliticalfilm,th
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- 电影 片名 翻译 语境 适应