口译笔记速记符号归总及笔记技巧.doc
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口译笔记速记符号归总及笔记技巧.doc
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主要内容
1Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviations
2缩略词
3字母、图像
4箭头
5数学符号
6标点
技巧
一.Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforyourreference:
AbbreviationsinNotetaking
Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.
Symbolshelpfulinmath——thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.
S = sum
f = frequency
Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.
cf = compare
e.g. = example
dept = department
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.
pol = politics
dem = democracy
lib = liberal
cap = capitalism
Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.
pres = presentation
subj = subject
ind = individual
cons = conservative
Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.
assoc = associate
biol = biology
info = information
ach = achievement
chem = chemistry
max = maximum
intro = introduction
conc = concentration
min = minimum
rep = repetition
Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.
ppd = prepared
prblm = problem
estmt = estimate
bkgd = background
gvt = government
Useanapostropheinplaceofletters.
am't = amount
cont'd = continued
gov't = government
educat'l = educational
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.
chpts = chapters
egs = examples
fs = frequencies
intros = introductions
Usegtorepresentingendings.
ckg = checking
estg = establishing
decrg = decreasing
exptg = experimenting
Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.
Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.
Leaveoutunimportantwords.
Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.
Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.
& = and
w/ = with
w/o = without
vs = against
\ = therefore
= = isorequal
Usetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.
zb = German,forexample
ibid = Latin,thesamework
o = degrees
H2O = water
Morereference:
Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:
+plus
//parallel
Usestandardabbreviationsandleaveoutfullstops.Examples:
egexample
ITdeptInformationTechnologydepartment
UKUnitedKingdom
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.Examples:
marmarketing
cuscustomer
cliclient
Usetheentirefirstsyllableandthefirstletterofthesecondsyllable.Examples:
subjsubject
budgbudget
indindividual
Todistinguishamongvariousformsofthesameword,usethefirstsyllableoftheword,anapostrophe,andtheendingoftheword.Examples:
tech'gytechnology
gen'iongeneralisation
del'ydelivery
Usejustenoughofthebeginningofawordtoformarecognisableabbreviation.Examples:
assocassociated
achachievement
infoinformation
Omitvowelsfromthemiddleofwords,retainingonlyenoughconsonantstoprovidearecognisableskeletonoftheword.Examples:
bkgdbackground
mvmtmovement
prblmproblem
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyadding's.'Examples:
custscustomers
fsfrequencies
/sratios
Use'g'torepresent'ing'endings.Examples:
decrgdecreasing
ckgchecking
estblgestablishing
Spellout,ratherthanabbreviateshortwords.Examples:
in
but
as
key
Leaveoutunimportantverbs.Examples:
is
was
were
Leaveoutunnecessaryarticles.Examples:
a
an
the
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameisinitiallywrittenoutinfullduringthetalkormeeting,initialscanbesubstitutedwhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Example:
JanuaryAdvertisingCampaignBudgetJACB
Usesymbolsforcommonconnectiveortransitionwords.Examples:
@at
2to
4for
&and
w/with
w/owithout
vsagainst
Createyourownsetofabbreviationsandsymbols.Youmaywishtodevelopseparatesetsofsymbolsandabbreviationsfordifferentcoursesorsubjects.
OtherSymbolsandAbbreviations
asaresultof/consequencesof<——>
resultingin——>
and/also+
equalto/sameas=
followingff
mostimportantly*
lessthan<
greaterthan>especiallyesp/
二、缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP:
important,ASAP:
assoonaspossible.很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
F拿掉所有元音
MKT:
market
MGR:
manager
MSG:
message
STD:
standard
RCV:
receive
F保留前几个字母
INFOinformation
INSinsurance
EXCHexchange
IoweyouIOU
InsteadofI/O
F保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WKweek
RMroom
PLpeople
F根据发音
Rare
THOthough
THRUthrough
高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表
缩略词原词
APTApartment
ACC
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