英美概况-British CulturePPT文档格式.pptx
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英美概况-British CulturePPT文档格式.pptx
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thelatterisfewinnumberbutofgreatinfluence.,PrimarySchools:
primaryuptotheageofeleven.AllchildrenintheU.K.mustreceiveafulltimeeducationfromtheageoffivetosixteen.Educationatthisstageiscompulsory.Inthestateprimaryschools,therearetwosections-infantsectionandjuniorsection.Intheprivateprimaryschool,thepreparatoryschoolsarepopularlyknownasprepschools.,Stateschoolsystematelementarylevel,Independentschoolsystematelementarylevel,SecondarySchools:
Differentpatternsofsecondaryschools:
two-tierpattern:
juniorhigh11-14&
seniorhigh14-18sixthformcolleges:
15-18,doingadvancedworkthreeparts:
primary5-9,middle9-13,senior13-18generallyaccepted:
11-18Twosystemsforsecondaryeducation:
theselectiveandthecomprehensiveTherearevariousschools:
GrammarschoolComprehensiveschoolSecondarymodernschoolPublicschool,AccordingtoEducationActin1944,sufficientvarietyofschoolsshouldbeprovidedtocaterfortheabilitiesandattitudesofthestudents.Resultsoftheexamination:
Thosewithhighestmarksgotogrammarschools.Othersgototechnicalschools.Therestgotosecondarymodernschools.,GrammarschoolsTheoldestschoolsinU.K.TheypreparepupilsfortheAdvancedLeveloftheG.C.E.andScholarshipLevelCertificateforuniversityentrance.Someareacademicallyamongthebest.SecondarymodernschoolsTheyoffergeneraleducation,includingsomepracticalinstruction,uptotheageoffifteen.,ComprehensivesecondaryschoolsPupilswerenotseparatedbythecriterionofacademicability.Aftertwoorthreeyears,theydropsomeandstudyonlythosetheylikebest.At15or16theytaketheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation.At18theyhavetheAdvancedLeveloftheGeneralCertificateofeducationtoenterauniversity.Threepatterns:
generally-acceptedpattern:
11-18two-tierpattern:
junior11-14/15&
senior14-18sixthformcolleges:
15/16-18,Publicschools:
notprivateinthefullestsenseMostpublicschoolsarecalledbythenameofthetownorvillageinwhichtheyarelocated;
somearecalled“College”.Everypublicschoolhasmanyrulesandcustomspeculiartoitself.Thepublicschoolsaimatshapingcharactersaswellasindividuality.Twofactorsinpubliceducation:
thestudyofclassicsandscience:
aristocraticinfluenceandtheneedsofbourgeoisiethedevelopmentof“character”:
teamspirit&
leadershipthroughgamesEachpublicschoolhasaboardofgovernors.BritainistheonlycountryinEuropeinwhichphysicalpunishmentisexercised.,EtonCollege:
aBritishindependentboardingschoolforboysagedbetween13to18years.Itwasfoundedin1440byKingHenryVI.ItislocatedinthevillageofEton,nearWindsorinEngland.Motto:
FloreatEton(LetEtonFlourish)OldEtonians:
19PrimeMinisters(e.g.DavidCameron),membersofroyalfamilies(e.g.PrinceWilliam,Harry)EtonhastraditionallybeenreferredtoasthechiefnurseofEnglandsstatesmen,TypesofUniversities,olduniversities,Scottishuniversities,OxfordCambridgeUniversitiesofSt.Andrew,Glasgow,AberdeenandEdinburg,themiddle-ageduniversitiesDurhamUniversity,theUniversityofLondon,theUniversityofWalesthenewuniversities(afterWW)theopenuniversityandoneBuckinghamUniversityindependentuniversity,thenewuniversities(afterWWII)Theyconcentratemostlyonscienceandtechnology.Studentschoosethenewuniversitiesbecauseofthe“modern”approach.Allthestudentspayfeesbutgetpersonalgrantortakejobs.TheOpenUniversityItwasfoundedin1969.itisamostinterestinginnovationofhighereducation.Itisopenedtoeverybodywithoutformalqualification.TheuniversityofferscoursesthroughoneoftheBBCstelevisionchannelsandbyradio,andhastutorsandcounselorsalloverBritain.Itisthecheapestandmostfar-reachingmethod.,BuckinghamUniversityisanindependentuniversitywhichwasestablishedin1973andisrunbyanumberofacademicandvocational
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- 英美概况-British Culture 概况 British
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