初二秋季基础与培优19八年级英语提升版首字母专题教师版Word格式文档下载.docx
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初二秋季基础与培优19八年级英语提升版首字母专题教师版Word格式文档下载.docx
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学科
英语
课题名称
首字母专题
Ⅰ.专题知识梳理
首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确,又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要,所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。
它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识,还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。
考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和连词、代词、介词这几大词类。
1、能力考察
1.词汇量与具体运用能力(基础)
2.句子结构分析能力(确定词性和词形)
3.语义、语境分析能力(确定词义)
4.逻辑推断能力(确定词义)
5.前后文关键信息提取能力(更为准确确定词义)
2、解题思路
1.词性的判断(句法结构、词性的句法功能)
2.词义的判断(句意理解)
3.脑海中搜索符合相关条件的考纲词汇
4.复查(名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词副词形式级别、固定搭配与文意等)
Ⅱ.专题精讲
【案例分析】
Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(14分)(2015年中考卷)
It’sacommonschooldayatSouthernCrossSchoolnearthefamousKrugerNationalParkinSouthAfrica.Teachersandpupilsdon’tsitinaclassroom.I81,theygothroughtheforestorsitunderthetrees.
Theschoolteachesstudentsallthesames82astherestofthecountry’sschools,buttheteachingmethodsarecompletelydifferent.SouthernCrossusesnatureasateachingtool.Theteachersandtheirpupilsgooutintonatureandworkwithanimalsandplants.Thesecanbeusedtostudya83frommathsandsocialsciencestolanguages.Theschoolisinanareawhereanimalslivewildandcanbehunted.Togettoclass,studentstravelaroadthroughtheforestthatwildanimalsuseaswell.
Theclassroomforsmallpreschoolersisalittledifferentfromtherestoftheschool.Forexample,thefirstlessonofthedayismaths,buttheteachingmethodisverys84.Inthisschoolyouwon’thearateachersaying“CounthowmanyapplesJanehasinherbasket.”Actually,thechildrenvisitanearbyrivertocountthenumberofmarksleftbyanimals.Thiswaytheycanseehowmanydifferentanimalscometod85duringthenight.
Thestudentsareencouragedtotakecareoftheinjuredandsmallanimals.Iftheyfindadeadanimalinthearea,theystudywheretheanimalfitsinthefootchainandhowandwhyitd86.
Theheadmastersays,“Wemustmakepeopleunderstandwhatwearedoingtothee87.Weneedtocareforourplanet.”
【解析】
Keys:
81-87Instead;
subjects;
anything;
special;
drink;
died;
earth/environment
名词
动词
形容词
副词
代词
2
1
精讲:
81.判定空格词性为副词,再根据前文没有坐在教室以及后文的穿过深林或是坐在树下,可知填instead
82.判定空格为名词,根据理解可知填学科,注意复数,subjects
83.判定空格为名词或代词,根据后文frommathsandsocialsciencestolanguages可知填anything
84.判定空格为形容词,根据but以及后文的表述,填special
85.判定空格为动词原形或者名词,动词原形的可能性更大,再结合前文的river,填drink
86.判定空格为动词,且为不及物动词、过去式,根据前文adeadanimal可知填died
87.判定空格为名词,结合前后文出现的nature、planet,可以填earth或是environment都可以
Ⅲ.学法提炼
1.通读全文,了解大意
2.判断空格填何种词性,是名词,是动词,是形容词,还是副词等。
3.根据上下文、句意填出适当的词;
判断词的形式。
(名词的单复数,动词的形式、时态语态,形容词、副词的形式、级别等)
4.复读全文,全面检查:
根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌
(1)
Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(错误率:
掌握情况:
)
AschoolnewspaperTheTeensaskedoveronethousandteenagershowtheyspenttheirsparetime.Heretheyreportther1ofthesurvey.It’snotatallsurprisingtolearnthatmostteenssaidtheywantedmorefreetime.Mosthavelessthananhouradayforafter-schoolactivities.
P2activitywaspopularamongbothgirlsandboys,averagingbetweenthreetosixhoursaweek.Favouritesportsamonggirlsweretennis,basketballandswimming.Boyssaidtheylikedfootball,basketballandskating.
Speakingofentertainment,musicandTVwerepopular.Abouthalfofthosesurveyedsaidthatmusicwastheirfavouriteactivity.Thisi3bothlisteningtoandplayingmusic.TVwasalsoverypopular.ThreequarterssaidtheypreferredwatchingTVtoreadingabookormagazine.
Unexpectedly,asmanyasthreeoutoftenteenagersmentionedthatcollectingthingswassomethingtheylikedtodointheirsparetime.Theyhadv4collectionsfromcartoonbooksandbaseballcardstostickers,toysandcoins.
V5friendswasalsopopular.Eightoutoftenteenagerssaidtheymetfriendsonceaweek.NineoutoftensaidtheycontactedfriendsthroughtheInternet.A6popularwayofcontactingfriendswasthetelephone.Everyonewesurveyedsaidtheyspoketofriendseveryday.Mostsaidtheyspokeabouttwentyminutesaday.Surprisingly,teenagerss7wentdancing,especiallygirls.Onlyoneoutoftensaidtheywenttothedanceregularly.
(2)
Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(错误率:
Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplecannotsleepverywell.Theyhavet___1__infallingasleep.Thefollowingareusefultips.
1.Makesurethebedroomisd___2__andquiet.
Alltoooften,peoplekeeptheTVsetonastheysleep.Orthereisalightonsomewherethatcancausedistraction(干扰).Makesureallelectronicproductsincludingcomputers,TVsetsandradiosarcoffbeforetryingtosleep.
2.Avoid(避免)somekindsoffoods
Foodsincludecaffeine,alcohol,andMSG,canaffect(影响)differentpeopleindifferentways.Itisbesttoavoidthesefoodsandchemicals.Evenacupofcoffeefirstthinginth
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