职称英语理工类A级16文档格式.docx
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职称英语理工类A级16文档格式.docx
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dpaidasubstantialbribetothesurgeoninRio.
A.meager
B.stern
C.subtle
D.steep
meager:
瘦的,贫乏的;
stern:
严格的,严肃的;
subtle:
敏锐的,狡猾的;
steep:
(价格、金额)过高的。
题中substantial意为“(金钱)可观的”,故可知D选项是正确的。
3.Theentireprocessiscalledthegreenhouseeffect,andmostofitiscausedbytheprevalentgreenhousegas,watervapor.
A.predominant
B.executive
C.superior
D.remarkable
predominant:
优越的;
executive:
行政的;
superior:
优秀的;
remarkable:
值得注意的。
题中prevalent为“有优势的”,可知A项最适合要求。
4.ThekindofthingthathappenedlastSaturdaynightisaregularoccurrenceinthevillage.
A.event
B.presence
C.development
D.endeavour
event:
事件;
presence:
出席;
在场;
development:
发展;
endeavour:
尽力。
本题中occurrence意为“事件”,故A项最符合要求。
5.TheInternetallowsustotransmitmessagesacrosstheworldinaninstant.
A.type
B.convey
C.send
D.phone
type:
打字,用打字机打;
convey:
搬运,运输;
send:
发送;
phone:
打电话。
题中transmit意为“转达;
传播”,故可知C项符合题意。
6.Well,you'
reatallmanandyoucancarryagooddealofweightwithoutlookingawkward.
A.inconvenient
B.funny
C.untidy
D.clumsy
inconvenient:
不方便的;
funny:
有趣的;
untidy:
不整洁的;
clumsy愚笨的。
题中awkward意为“笨拙的”,可知D项符合要求。
7.Thedisputebetweenthefacultyandtheadministrationwasnotresolveduntilthefacultymembersgotbetterworkingconditions.
A.threat
B.disquisition
C.problem
D.argument
threat:
威胁;
disquisition:
研究;
problem:
问题;
argument:
辩论。
题中dispute意为“辩论”,可知D项最合题意要求。
8.There'
snothingatallonthispieceofpaper.It'
scompletelyblank.
A.empty
B.unoccupied
C.white
D.free
empty:
空的;
unoccupied:
未被占据的;
white:
白色的;
free:
闲暇的。
题中blank为“空白的”,可知A项符合要求。
9.Thevoluntarydecisiontolabelseemstohavebeenrewarded.
A.paidout
B.paidback
C.paidup
D.paidoff
payout:
付出(款项等);
payback:
偿还(借款);
payup:
还清;
payoff:
赢利,得到好的结果,取得成功。
题中reward意为“赢利,有利益的”,故可知D项最符合题意。
10.Theconstantfrictionofthewireonthemetalpulleyeventuallycausedittobreak.
A.declining
B.ageing
C.pulling
D.rubbing
declining:
倾斜的,衰退的;
ageing:
衰老或成熟的过程;
pulling:
拉动;
rubbing:
摩擦。
题中friction意为“摩擦,冲突”,可知D项符合要求。
11.Achild'
sactionsshouldbemodifiedbyimposingasystemofrewards.
A.enforcing
B.opposing
C.incorporating
D.implementing
enforcing:
强行实施;
opposing:
反对;
incorporating合并;
implementing贯彻。
题中imposing为“强加”,可知A项正确。
12.Itisacommonbeliefamongparentsthattoomanyhoursforsportsmayhamperacademicpursuitsofthestudents.
A.promote
B.destroy
C.hinder
D.arouse
promote:
促进;
destroy:
破坏;
hinder:
妨碍;
arouse:
激发。
题中hamper为“妨碍”,可知C项最符合题意。
13.ThisreportconcernsamanwholivesinLondon,butworksinParis.
A.worries
B.isanxiousabout
C.hasaneffecton
D.isabout
worry:
担忧,忧虑;
beanxiousabout:
担忧;
haveaneffecton:
对……有影响;
beabout:
从事于。
题中concern意为“关于”,故可知C项符合题意。
14.SittingintheLandRoverwithlionsallaround,themenfeltveryvulnerable.
A.impressive
B.wellprotected
C.opentoattack
D.secure
impressive:
感人的;
wellprotected:
保护完好的;
opentoattacksecure:
安全的;
opentoattack:
易受伤的,受打击的。
题中vulnerable意为“易受伤的,脆弱的”,故C项正确的。
15.Georgeisveryproudofhisnewstatusinthecompany.
A.statue
B.office
C.state
D.professionalposition
statue:
塑像,雕塑;
office:
办公室;
state:
状态,政府;
professionalposition:
专业位置,专业态度。
题中status意为“地位,资格”,可知D选项符合要求。
二、{{B}}第2部分:
阅读判断{{/B}}(总题数:
1,分数:
7.00)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;
如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;
如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请选择C。
Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey'
reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehumans,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetaway—straightup.Adecadeago,adaptingtheinfrared(红外线)scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon'
thavepest(害虫)problems.
Evenbetter,Paley'
sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.ThedataWeretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning"
fevers"
.Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.
ThebadnewsisthatPaley'
scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks."
Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates,"
saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&
M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.
(1).Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyareinpoorphysicalcondition.(分数:
A.
A.Right
B.
B.Wrong
C.
C.Notmentioned
根据文章第一段可知,“水作物受到病虫害袭击时,它们会发烧”,这与本句所说的意思吻合,故选A。
(2).Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningtolocatetheproblemarea.(分数:
见第一段第三句,“Adecadeago,adaptingtheinfraredscanningtechnology…totakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.”清楚地讲到了使用红外扫描可以做些什么,故选A。
(3).Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticidebyconsultinginfraredscanningexperts.(分数:
本句说“农民可以通过请教红外线扫描专家来节省大量杀虫剂”,而在文章第二段讲到Parley远红外线扫描服务公司使用飞机上的扫描仪在夜里探测庄稼情况,并将情况提供给农民,使农民可以有针对性地喷洒农药,可知这才是农民节省杀虫剂的方法,故选B。
(4).Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficultiesduetoitsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction.(分数:
本句说“红外线扫描技术运用于农业上遇到困难是因为它不能帮助农民提高产量”。
而根据文章最后一段可知,这项技术是有成效,并受到农业专家肯定的,它的运用遇到困难是因为该公司在1984年因为资金缺乏而被迫关闭,故选B。
(5).Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecausegrowingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncrops.(分数:
文章最后一段说,“Parley希望重新开始的原因是人们日益关注杀虫剂对农作物的不良影响”。
而红外线扫描技术是为了帮助农民有针对性地喷撒农药,而减少对农药的滥用,可以推知红外线扫描技术有望重新被采用是因为人们不愿意再溢施农药,故选A。
(6).Infraredscanningwillbeusedtoestimatethedamagetothecropsinthenearfuture.(分数:
句意:
不久的将来红外线扫描将被用于估算农作物的损失。
通读全文,没有这种提法,故选C。
(7).Paley'
scompanyderivedfullsupportfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,(分数:
Paley的公司得到农业部的全力支持。
通读全文,没有提到农业部对Parley公司的态度,故选C。
三、{{B}}第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子{{/B}}(总题数:
8.00)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
Humanbeingshavelittledirectcontroloverthevolumeofwaterintheatmosphere.Butweproduceothergreenhousegasesthatintensifytheeffect.TheIPCCestimatesthatrisingCO2emissions,mostlyfromburningfossilfuels,accountforabout60percentofthewarmingobservedsince1850,Carbondioxideconcentrationhasbeenincreasingbyabout0.3percentayear,anditisnowabout30percenthigherthanitwasbeforetheindustrialrevolution.
2.TherelentlessaccumulationofgreenhousegaseshasledtheIPCCtoprojectthatinthenexthundredyearsaverageglobaltemperatureswillriseby1to3.5degreesC.Thatmaynot
seemlikemuch.Yetthe"
littleiceage,"
ananomalouscoldsnapthatpeakedfrom1570to1730andforcedEuropeanfarmerstoabandontheirfields,wascausedbyachangeofonlyhalfadegree.
3.Thecompeermodelsusedtoprojectgreenhouseeffectsfarintothefuturearestillbeingimprovedtoaccommodatearapidlygrowingfontofknowledge.Anditisremarkablydifficulttodetectadefinitive"
signature"
ofhumanactivityintheworld'
swidelyfluctuatingclimaterecord.Toprojectfutureclimatepatterns,scientistsusecomputersimulationsoftheinteractionsamongland,air,water,iceandsunlight.Thesegeneralcirculationmodels,orGCMs,consistofequationsrepresentingtheknownlawsofatmosphericphysicsandoceancirculation.Foreachsectionoftheplanet,theycalculatetheeffectofsuchfactorsasairtemperature,theEarth'
srotation,surfacefrictionatsealevel,rainfall,andotherclimaticconditions.Aperfectmodel,ifgivenenoughinformationaboutconditionsonEarthseveralhundredyearsago,couldprovideanexactdescriptionoftoday'
sclimate.Onlyveryrecentlyhavemodelsbeendevelopedthatarecapableofrealisticallydepictingthepresentglobalclimatewithoutalotoftinkering—adjustmentsoftencalled"
fudgefactors."
4.Inpart,thisisbecauseonlythemostpowerfulcomputersarefastenoughtohandlethejob,andinpartbecausesomeaspectsofclimatechangearestillmysterious.EvenavidproponentscautionthatGCMsarenotyettrustworthyforpredictingdetailedeffectsinindividualregions:
Modelsdividetheworld'
ssurfaceintogridsthataretypicallyabout200
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