城区公开课如何写议论文的summary.ppt
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城区公开课如何写议论文的summary.ppt
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,Task-writingHowtowritethesummaryofanarguementation,如何写议论文的概括段,Step1,读写任务概括段的命题特点与要求,即概括给出材料文章的主旨,要用自己的话用30个字左右(26-38)“改写”给出文章的主要内容,不能直接照抄原文中的句子,也不能增加与原文无关的信息.,概括段的评分标准,概括(满分5分)1.完全不理解,照抄原文(0分)2.死板机械地抄,不改变原文顺序(1分)3.改变主语或宾语的抄为主(2分)(灵活地抄)4.稍为改动总体的抄(3分)5.改变句子、用词,重新排列组织(45分)(字数30左右),Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.,1.论点(thetopicsentence):
Gettingupearly/agoodhabit/ofgreatimportance,2.论据(supportingsentences),1)abettermemory2)ahealthierbody3)abetterpreparationfortheday,3.结论(Conclusion).,agoodhabit/benefitalot,Inthepassage,theauthorholdstheviewthatgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot,includingabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.(37words),这类文章概括段常用的开头用语A:
Inthepassage,theauthorholdstheviewthat+从句.B:
Thepassagegivestheviewthat+从句,1.如何找论点、论据、(结论)?
1)论点(首段或尾段的首句或尾句,若在文中或段落中,常有提示词:
however,but)2)论据(中间各段落首句,常有提示词:
firstly/secondly/besides/whatsmore/finally)3)结论(尾段首句或尾句,常有提示词:
Inshort/Inaword/So/Therefore),1.题材:
议论文2.文章结构:
论点+3个论据+结论(总-分-总)3.议论文概括段的要素:
三要素:
论点、论据和结论,2.如何改写Skill1:
用同义词,词性变化或不同句式替换Skill2:
避免重复,删掉细节Skill3:
运用短而精的连词。
如but,and,so,however,because,therefore,besides,including,suchas,notonlybut等。
A.1)Drivingaprivatecarhasalotofdisadvantages.2)Drivingaprivatecarhas_.B.1)WatchingTViseducational.ItisagoodwaytohelpusrelaxbywatchingTV.2)WatchingTVcannotonly_us,_makeus_.C.Gettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot,_abettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.,manyshortcomings,including/suchas,educate,but,relaxed,Passage1,Althoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem.Themajorityofpeoplespendagreatdealoftimeontheirwaytoworkorcomingbackfromwork.Duringtherushtime,allthestreetsarejammedwithpackedbusesandendlesslinesofbicyclesandcars,andavoidableaccidentsoccur,resultinginbrokenlimbsandtrafficdeaths.Airpollutioncomessecond.Factoriesandmovingvehiclesareconstantlygivingoffsmokeandharmfulgases.Thereisnowaytogetfreshairexcepttogooutofthecityonweekendsorholidays.Iftheweatherisbad,youllfinethewholecityovercastwithsmog.Asaresult,pollutioninducesdiseasesarenowacommonoccurrence.However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundineverybigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.,Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem,Airpollutioncomessecond,However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundinevery,bigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear,Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,用自己的话改写论点、论据论点:
Althoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages论据1:
Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem.论据2:
Airpollutioncomessecond.论据3:
However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundineverybigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.结论:
Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,Nowadaysmanypeopleprefertotravelbyair.Thisisbecauseairtravelhassomeadvantages.Firstly,airplane,themiraclecreatedbyman,isthefastestmeansoftransport.Secondly,travelingbyairisconvenientandcomfortable.Friendlyairhostessesareaffectionateandconsiderate.Theylookafterpassengersallthewaytotheirdestinations.Moreover,onlongdistanceflightstherearefilmsandmusicforpeopletoentertainthemselves.Butithassomedisadvantages,too.Foronething,airtravelcostsagreatdealofmoney.,Nowadaysmanypeopleprefertotravelbyair.,becauseairtravelhassomeadvantages,Firstly,Secondly,Moreover,Butit,hassomedisadvantages,too.,Foronething,TheaverageChinesearenotrichenoughtoaffordexpensiveairfares.Sotheyprefertotaketr
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