英语常用30种修辞文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:17748760
- 上传时间:2022-12-09
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:17
- 大小:29.01KB
英语常用30种修辞文档格式.docx
《英语常用30种修辞文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语常用30种修辞文档格式.docx(17页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
1.2Assonance
1.2.1Definition
Assonanceistherepetitionorresemblanceofvowelsoundsinthestressedsyllablesofasequenceofwords,precededandfollowedbydifferentconsonants.Assonancealsoreferstothelikenessofsoundinaseriesofwords.
1.2.2Examples
(1)Myaunttoldmethatwhenyouweresavedyousawalight,andsomethinghappenedtoyouinside!
AndJesuscameintoyourlife!
(-Salvation)
(2)Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.
(-CompanionshipofBooks)
1.2.3Analysis
(1)Inthefirstsentence,inthe“light”,the“inside”,andthe“life”,thevowelsound“I[ai]”—inthestressedsyllablesisrepeated,sotheeuphonyiscreatedandalsoitisfollowedbydifferentconsonants,sotheassonanceisapplied.
(2)Inthesecondsentence,the“words”andthe“works”havethelikenessofsound—[wɜː],thepartial–rhymeismade,sothefigureofspeechofthissentenceisassonance.
1.3Consonance
1.3.1Definition
ConsonancecomesfromLatin,meaning“toharmonize”.Itreferstotherepetitionofthefinalandidenticalconsonantswhoseprecedingvowelsaredifferent.
1.3.2Examples
(1)MyStrokeofLuck.(--MyStrokeofLuck.)
(2)Yetitisoftenmisunderstoodandmisinterpreted,forlanguageisaverycomplicatedmechanismwithagreatdealofmagnitudes.(-GenderBiasinLanguage)
(3)Almostwithoutfailthemasculinewordisputbeforethefeminineword.Forexample,Mr.andMrs.,hisandhers,boysandgirls,menandwomen,kingsandqueens,brothersandsisters,guysanddollsandhostandhostessareallcommonplaceintodayssociety.
(-GenderBiasinLanguage)
1.3.3Analysis
Inthefirstphrase,thesoundsof“ke”and“k”aresame;
inthesecondsentence,thesoundsofthe“d”arerepeated;
inthelastsentence,thesoundsofthe“s”arethesame.Theconsonancesareusedinthephraseandthetwosentencestomakethemmoremetrical.
1.4Pun
1.4.1Definition
Punis,innature,aword–play.Apuninvolvestheuseofapolysemouswordtosuggesttwoormoremeanings,commonlyliteralmeaningversusfigurativemeaning,orinvolvestheuseofhomonyms.
1.4.2Examples
(1)ForIwasthenhisvision,asIamstillhisrighthand.Literally,Iwas(whatheoftencalledme)theappleofhiseye.Hesawnature--hesawbooksthroughme.(-JaneEyre)
(2)Ifwedonothangtogether,weshallsurelyhangseparately.(-BenjaminFranklin)
1.4.3Analysis
(1)Inthefirstsentence,thesounds“I”andthe“eye”arethesame.Literally,Ihelphimseesomething,butfiguratively,Iamhiseyes,andIamtheappleinhiseye—Iamveryimportant,sothepunisusedandproducesawittyeffectfromthejuxtapositionofmeanings.
(2)Inthesecondsentence,thefirst“hang”means“unit”,butthelatter“hang”means“beingkilled”-onewordsuggeststwomeanings.Thepunisusedandbothofthehumorouseffectandwittyeffectarecreated.
1.5Repetition
1.5.1Definition
Repetitionisapowerfulrhetoricaldevicewhichcreatesgoodrhythmandparallelismtomakethelanguagemusical,emphatic,attractiveandmemorable.
1.5.2Examples
(1)Thenhesaid:
'
Won'
tyoucome?
Won'
tyoucometoJesus?
Younglambs,won'
"
(2)AndIkeptwaitingserenelyforJesus,waiting,waiting—buthedidn'
tcome.(-Salvation)
(3)Iwantedtoseehim,butnothinghappenedtome.Nothing!
Iwantedsomethingtohappentome,butnothinghappened.(-Salvation)
1.5.3Analysis
Inthefirstsentence,the“Won'
”isrepeatedforthreetimes;
inthesecondsentence,“waiting”isalsorepeatedforthreetimestoshowtheanxiousnessoftheauthor;
inthethirdsentence,the“nothing”isrepeatedforthreetimestoexpressthattheauthor’sirritationorcomplains.Therepetitionsareusedinthethreesentencesandcreategoodrhymestomakethelanguagemoreemphatic,attractiveandmemorable.
1.6Anaphora
1.6.1Definition
Theword“anaphora”originatesfromGreek,meaning“carryingback”.Itisapopularfigureofspeechinvolvingtherepetitionofthesamewordatthebeginningofsuccessiveclauses,sentencesorverses.
1.6.2Examples
(1)Doyourespectplantlife?
Doyoustopanyonefromcarvinginthebarkoftrees?
Doyouavoidwalkingonfreshgrass?
Doyouconservewaterandenergy?
(-BecomingAChildOfNature:
It’sATwofoldTaskofParentsandChildren)
(2)Ilovedlife,andIlovedbeingalive.(-TheLightofDepression)
(3)Hetaughtmetohatehypocrisyandpiousmouthingofunctuouswords.Hetaughtmethatbeneathgruffnesstheremaybekindness,andthatkindnessisthesweetestthingintheworld,andgoodnessisthebestthingintheworld.Hetaughtmetodespisemoneygrubbing.
(-ADebttoDickens)
(4)Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed:
"
Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal."
IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgia,thesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslaveownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday!
Ihaveadreamthatoneday,downinAlabama,withitsviciousracists,withitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsof"
interposition"
and"
nullification"
--onedayrightthereinAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday!
Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexaltedandeveryhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraightandthegloryoftheLordshallberevealedandallfleshshallseeittogether."
?
(-IHaveADream)
1.6.3Analysis
Inthethreesentences,thebeginningwordsofthesuccessivesentencesareallrepeated:
“doyou”,“Iloved”,“hetaught”,and“Ihaveadream”areallthebeginningwordsofthesuccessivesentencesandareallrepeated.Therefore,theanaphorasareusedandstrengthenthetoneofthelanguagetomakethetextmorepersuasive.
1.7Epiphora
1.7.1Definition
Epiphoraistheoppositeofanaphora.Itistherepetitionofthesamewordsorphrasesattheendofsuccessivelines,clausesorsentences.
1.7.2Examples
(1)Thatthegovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.(-AbrahamLincoln)
(2)Themantakesawayawoman’svirginityandawomanloseshervirginity.
(-GenderBiasinLanguage)
(3)Andslowly,thedesiretolive,thecouragetowanttolive,begantoreturn.
(--TheLightofDepression)
1.7.3Analysis
Inthethreesentences,theendingwordsofthesuccessivesentencesareallrepeated:
“thepeople”,“virginity”,andthe“tolive”areallrepeated,sothefigureofspeechofthesethreesentencesistheepiphoraandtheepiphoraisusedtomakethespeechortextmoreconvincing.
1.8Antithesis
1.8.1Definition
Theword“antithesis”comesfromGreekword“antithenai”,meaning“opposition”.Antithesis,favoredbymanyspeakerswhenpersuading,placescontrastingideassidebysideforemphasisandrhythm.
1.8.2Examples
(1)Theworldwilllittlenotewhatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.(-AbrahamLincoln)
(2)InAmericanculture,awomanisvaluedfortheattractivenessofherbody,whileamanisvaluedbyhisphysicalstrengthandhisachieves.
(3)AllenPaceNielsennotesthatthereareinstanceswhenwomenareseenaspassivewhilemenareactiveandbringthingsintobeing.(-GenderBiasinLanguage)
1.8.3Analysis
(1)Inthefirstsentence,the“littlenote”andthe“neverforget”arethecontrastingideasinordertoemphasizethatpeoplewillneverforgetwhatthesoldiersdotheircountry.Clearly,theantithesisisusedtostresstheimportantpartofthesentence.
(2)Inthesecondsentence,thedifferencebetweenwomenvaluedforattractivenessandmenvaluedbytheirstrengthandachievementsisdemonstratedtoshowthatthediscriminationtothewomen.Theantithesisisusedtomakethelanguagemoresharporforceful.
(3)Thetwocontrastingideas:
“active”and“passive”areusedtoshowthegenderbiasinthesociety.Theantithesisisappliedtostressthecontradiction—theauthor’sintentioncanbeprotruded.
1.9Climax
1.9.1Definition
Theword“climax”derivesfromtheGreekword“klimax”,meaning“ladder”.Asafigureofspeech,climaxisthearrangementofwords,phrases,clauses,orsentencesinascendingorderofimportance.
1.9.2Examples
(1)
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 常用 30 修辞