语言学练习题Word文档格式.docx
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语言学练习题Word文档格式.docx
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tit
—Right!
Ireallyenjoythesunlight.
A.EmotiveB.PhaticC.PerformativeD.Interpersonal
7.Areferstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser'
sknowledgeoftherules
ofhislanguageinutterances.
A.PerformanceB.CompetenceC.LangueD.Parole
8.CWhenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn'
tbesorrowfulforsomtleovloesorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeature
of.
A.culturaltransmissionB.productivityC.displacementD.duality
9.Aanswerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.
A.Psycholinguisticslinguistics
C.SociolinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics
10.Cdealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.
A.LinguistictheoryB.Practicallinguistics
C.AppliedlinguisticsD.Comparativelinguistics
II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)
11.FLanguageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.
12.FLanguagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.
13.TSpeakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.
14.FLanguageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.
15.FWewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.
16.FOnlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.
17.FF.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.
18.FAstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare'
timseisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.
19.FSpeechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.
20.FAllthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.
III.Fillintheblanks.(10%)
21.verbalLanguage,broadlyspeaking,isameansofcommunication.
22.productivityInanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed
23.metalingualfunctionLanguagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis.
24.yo-he-hoTheorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthetheory.
25.scientificLinguisticsisthestudyoflanguage.
26.descriptiveModernlinguisticsisinthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscover
whatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.
27.speechOnegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyofoverwriting.
28.diachroniclinguisticThedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa
study.
referstotheabstract
'
slangueandChomsky
29.langueSaussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts._linguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.petenceLinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussureChapter2SpeechSounds
1.APitchvariationisknownaswhenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.
A.intonationB.toneC.pronunciationD.voice
2.CConventionallyaisputinslashes(//).
A.allophoneB.phoneC.phonemeD.morpheme
ofthepphoneme.
DAnaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare
A.analoguesB.tagmemesC.morphemesD.allophones
4.ATheopeningbetweenthevocalcordsissometimesreferredtoas
A.glottisB.vocalcavityC.pharynxD.uvula
5.AThediphthongsthataremadewithamovementofthetonguetowardsthecenterareknownasdiphthongs.
A.wideB.closingC.narrowD.centering
6.DAphonemeisagroupofsimilarsoundscalled.
A.minimalpairsB.allomorphsC.phonesD.allophones
7.BWhichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds
A.AcousticphoneticsB.Articulatoryphonetics
C.AuditoryphoneticsD.Noneoftheabove
8.AWhichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation
A.[n]B.[m]C.[b]D.[p]
9.BWhichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels
A.[i:
]B.[u]C.[e]D.[i]
10.BWhatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating
A.VoicelessB.VoicedC.GlottalstopD.Consonant
11.TSuprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesegment-phoneme,suchassyllable,wordandsentence.
12.TTheairstreamprovidedbythelungshastoundergoanumberofmodificationtoacquirethequalityofaspeechsound.
13.TTwosoundsareinfreevariationwhentheyoccurinthesameenvironmentanddonotcontrast,namely,thesubstitutionofonefortheotherdoesnotproduceadifferentword,butmerelyadifferentpronunciation.
14.F[p]isavoicedbilabialstop.
15.FAcousticphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeechsounds.
16.TAllsyllablesmusthaveanucleusbutnotallsyllablescontainanonsetandacoda.
17.TWhenpurevowelsormonophthongsarepronounced,novowelglidestakeplace.
18.TAccordingtothelengthortensenessofthepronunciation,vowelscanbedividedintotensevs.laxorlongvs.short.
19.FReceivedPronunciationisthepronunciationacceptedbymostpeople.
20.FThemaximalonsetprinciplestatesthatwhenthereisachoiceastowheretoplaceaconsonant,itisputintothecodaratherthantheonset.
III.Fillintheblanks.(20%)
21.
voiced,voiceless,voicedConsonantsoundscanbeeither
vowelsoundsare.
22.frictionConsonantsoundscanalsobemadewhentwoorgansofspeechinthemouthare
broughtclosetogethersothattheairispushedoutbetweenthem,causing.
23.tongueThequalitiesofvowelsdependuponthepositionoftheandthelips.
24.heightOneelementinthedescriptionofvowelsisthepartofthetonguewhichisatthe
highestpointinthemouth.Asecondelementisthetowhichthatpartofthetongue
israised.
25.obstructionConsonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithout
26.minimalpairsInphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/-/v/.Thisisanexampleforillustrating.
27.diphthongsInEnglishthereareanumberof,whichareproducedbymovingfrom
onevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions.
28.Co-articulationreferstothephenomenonofsoundscontinuallyshowthe
influenceoftheirneighbors.
29.Phonemesisthesmallestlinguisticunit.
30.airstreamSpeechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsofsound.Thesemovementshaveaneffectonthecomingfromthelungs.
Choosethebestanswer.(20%)
1.ANouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas.
A.lexicalwordsB.grammaticalwordsC.functionwordsD.formwords
2.AMorphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled
Chapter3LexiconI.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
morpheme.
IV.A.inflectionalB.freeC.boundD.derivational
V.3.CTherearemorphemesintheworddenationalization.
VI.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six
VII.4.BInEnglish-seand-ionarecalled.
VIII.A.prefixesB.suffixesC.infixesD.stems
IX.5.BThethreesubtypesofaffixesare:
prefix,suffixand.
X.A.derivationalaffixB.inflectionalaffixC.infixD.back-formation
XI.6.Bisawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsby
subtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.
XII.A.affixationB.back-formationC.insertionD.addition
XIII.7.CThewordTBisformedinthewayof.
XIV.A.acronymyB.clippingC.initialismD.blending
XV.8.AThewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformedby.
XVIII.A.blendingB.clippingC.back-formationD.acronymy
XIX.9.DThestemofdisagreementsis.
XX.A.agreementB.agreeC.disagreeD.disagreement
XXI.10.BAllofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor.
XXII.A.lexemeB.phonemeC.morphemeD.allomorph
XXIII.II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)
XXIV.11.FPhonetically,thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress.
XXV.12.TForeasinforetellisbothaprefixandaboundmorpheme.
XXVI.13.FBasereferstothepartofthewordthatremainswhenallinflectionalaffixesareremoved.
XXVII.14.TInmostcases,prefixeschangethemeaningofthebasewhereassuffixeschange
theword-classofthebase.
XXVIII.15.TConversionfromnountoverbisthemostproductiveprocessofaword.
XXIX.16.FReduplicativecompoundisformedbyrepeatingthesamemorphemeofaword.
XXX.17.TThewordswhimper,whisperandwhistleareformedinthewayofonomatopoeia.
XXXI.18.FInmostcases,thenumberofsyllablesofawordcorrespondstothenumberof
19.FBack-formationisaproduct
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