精读3第四单元重要知识点.docx
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精读3第四单元重要知识点.docx
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精读3第四单元重要知识点
Unit4
LanguagePoints
1.compoundadjectives:
soon-to-be-opened(line1)
thegull-wingeyebrows(line10)
cross-Channel-linkschemes(line20)
the31-mile-longChannel(line22)
tungsten-tippedteeth(lines46–47)
①adj.+infinitive
e.g.aneasy-to-performtask:
ataskthatiseasytoperform
adifficult-to-usecamera:
acamerathatisdifficulttouse
thesoon-to-be-completedbuilding:
thebuildingthatissoontobecompleted
asoon-to-openstore
asoon-to-closecompany
②n.+n.
gull-wing=likethewingsofthegull
e.g.ababy-foodstore:
astorethatsellsbabyfood
amountain-tophut:
ahutthatisonthemountaintop
city-reconstructiondiscussions:
discussionsaboutcityreconstruction
theriver-bedsand
③aninfinitivephrase+anoun
cross-channel-link=alinkthatcrossestheChannel
e.g.akeep-fit-class:
aclassthatkeepsfit
anearn-moneyinvestment:
aninvestmentthatearnsmoney
across-border-raidthreat
④anumeral+anoun+anadjective
31-mile-longChannel=theChannelthatis31mileslong
e.g.aten-year-oldboy:
aboywhoistenyearsold
athree-inch-thickbook:
abookthatisthreeinchesthick
athree-hour-longjourney:
ajourneythatisthreehourslong
a8000-feet-highmountain
⑤anoun+apastparticiple
Tungsten-tippedteeth=theteeththataretippedwithTungsten
e.g.snow-cappedmountains:
mountainsthatarecappedwithsnow
asilver-platedspoon:
aspoonthatisplatedwithsilver
adiamond-setring/necklace
2.link
①link(v):
connect
~sth.(up);~sth.tosth.;~sth.withsth./~sth.andsth.(together)
e.g.Thebridge~sthetwosidesoftheriver.
Fingerprints~edthesuspecttothecrime.使和…有联系
Friendshipwill~theChinesepeopleandtheVietnamesepeopletogether.
Televisionstationsaroundtheworldare~edbysatellite.把…连接起来
Ihaveheardhisname~edwiththatofawell-knownpublicfigure.
②link(n):
connection
e.g.Policesuspecttheremaybea~betweenthetwomurders.
Theferryisouronly~withtheisland.
commercial,cultural,diplomatic,etc.links(betweentwocountries)…往来
3.wouldrather
①wouldratherdosththandosth
e.g.I’dratherstayherethangoout.
②wouldrather+clause
e.g.I’drathertodaywereSunday.
wouldrather+pastperfecttense
e.g.I’dratheryouhadbeenatthepartylastnight.
4.tie
①tie(v.)
a)fastenorbind(withrope,stringetc.)
tiesth.
e.g.ShallI~(up)theparcelorusestickytape?
Thelittleboy~dhisdog(up)toalamppost.
Thebadweather~dustothehousefordays.
b)arrange(ribbon,string)toformaknotorbow打成结
e.g.She~dherhairin(to)abun.
Sheistying(up)hershoelaces.
Tieaknotinthisstring,please.
c)link,connect
e.g.Greataffection~dustogether.
TheUnitedStatesandGreatBritainare~dbycommoninterests.结合在一起
d)makethesamescore(usu.passive)
e.g.Thetwoteams~d(witheachother).
Ourteamis~d(withthehometeam)forthefirstplace.(并列第一)
e)Usedinsomephrases:
tiesth./sb.up
e.g.Thepresidentcan’tseeyounow;he’salltiedup.忙得不可开交
Themeetingwilltieusuptillnoon.
Thestriketiedupproductionfortwoweeks.(bringtoahalt,obstruct)
Thecaraccidenttieduptrafficforseveralhours.
tiein/upwith:
connect,associate
e.g.Thepolicearetryingtotieupthemurderwiththerecentescapefromprison.
Thereportdidn’ttieinwithourpreviouswork.与…有联系
Hisstorytiesinwiththefacts.
Doesthistieupwithwhattheothersuspectsaid?
相符,吻合
②tie(n.):
connection,relation
e.g.Ourcountryhasestablishedpoliticalandtrade~swithJapan.
Family~swerealwaysstrongeventhoughthedifferentfamilymemberslivedfarapart.
Theresultofthecompetitionwasa~.
Theraceendedina~.
5.nod
①nod(v.):
usethemovementofthehead,movetheheadupanddown
a)vi.
~(to/atsb/sth)
e.g.Theheadmasternoddedvaguelyatmywords.
Shenoddedtomeasshepassed.
b)vt.
~sth.(tosb)
e.g.Theynoddedtheirapproval/agreement/concession/anacknowledgement(tous).
Henoddedawelcometome.
②nod(n.)
givesbanod
e.g.Shegavemea~asshepassed.
Themanagergavetheplanthe/a~.
6.(line5)“HenoddedtowardthesteelgrayChanneloutthewindow,hispaleblueeyesfilledwithforeboding.”
Thesecondpartofthissentenceisinanominativeabsoluteconstruction.
forebode
1forebode(vt.):
foresee,seesth.coming,feelsth.inone’sbones,haveapremonition
a)beasignorwarningof预示,预兆
e.g.Theseblackclouds~astorm.
Theworkers’gathering~sastrike.
b)haveafeelingofsth.evil;haveafeelingthattroubleiscoming
e.g.Thesethings~disaster.
2foreboding(n):
feelingthattroubleiscoming
e.g.Hiseyesarefilledwith~.
Hisexpressiondenotes~.
7.add
①add(v.)
a)puttogethersoastoincreasethesize,number,amount,etc.ortogetatotal
~A(toB);~AandB
e.g.Iftheteaistoostrong,~somemorewater.
Manywordshavebeen~edtothiseditionofthedictionary.
Add7and/to9andyouget16.
Weneedtoexertourimaginationand~arttoourteaching.
b)continuetosaysth.;makeafurtherremark
e.g.‘I’msorry,’she~ed,‘Icouldn’taffordtobuyit.’
He~edthathewasexhausted.
c)Usedinsomephrases:
addsthin:
includesth
e.g.Shouldweaddinthelemonjuicebeforeoraftermixingtheflourandsugar?
Don’tforgettoaddmein.
addtosth:
increasesth
e.g.Thebadweatheronlyaddedtoourdifficulties.
Themusicaddedtoourenjoyment.
add(sth)up/addupsth
e.g.AddupallthemoneyIoweyou.
Thesefiguresdidn’taddupright.
addupto
e.g.Thetotaladdedupto300.
Shop-liftingcanaddupto3-4percentofastore’ssales.
Whatdoalltheargumentsaddupto?
②addition(n.):
theactionofadding;themethodofadding
e.g.Myfathertaughtmetodo~andsubtraction.
Theexpensesofthehousehold,withthe~ofanurse,wereheavy.
They’vejusthadan~tothefamily.
inaddition(tosth./sb.)
e.g.Inaddition,Davidwastaughthowtotieupparcels.
Inaddition(tothenamesonthelist)therearesixotherapplicants.
③additional(adj.):
added,extra,supplementary另加的,外加的
e.g.Itwilltakean~twoweekstofinishthework.
~charges,taxes,candidates,supplies,expenses
8.care
①care(v.)
a)vi.:
beworriedorconcerned
e.g.Hedoesn’tseemto~.
careaboutsth.
e.g.Allshecaresaboutishersociallife.
Idon’tcareaboutwhatyouthink;I’mcertainheisright.
Hecaredabouthisfriend’sbeingoutofwork.
Hedoesn’tcareabouthisclothes.(不讲究)
careforsth.(innegativeorinterrogativesentences,esp.with‘would’)
愿意,想或喜欢,对…有兴趣
e.g.Wouldyoucareforsomecake?
Wouldyoucareforagameofchess?
Idon’tcareforhimtoreadthisletter.(不愿意让他看这封信)
Wouldyoucareforawalkwithme?
Hedidn’tcareforParis.
careforsb.:
beconcernedfor;lookafter
e.g.Hecaresforhiswifedeeply.(loveorlike)
Themothercaredforthesickchildnightandday.(lookafter)
Whoistocareforyouwhenyouareold?
Weshouldcarefortheyoungergeneration.
b)vt.:
mind
e.g.Hedoesn’t~whatpeoplesaybehindhisback.
Idon’t~howfarI’llhavetogo.
②care(n.)[U]
a)attentionorcaution
(sb’s)~(oversth./indoingsth.)
e.g.Careisneededwhencrossingthebusyroads.
Maryarrangedtheflowerswithgreat~.
Youshouldtakemore~overyourwork.
Themanagerwantedustotakeparticular~indoingthisproject.
b)concern,worry,anxiety
e.g.Oldpeopleneedloving~andattention.
Thechildrenwillhavethebest~inthisnursery.
Sheshowsno~forothers/thecommongood(公益)
Theflowergardenisherspecial~.
Themandidn’thavea~intheworld.(担心)
c)Usedinsomephrases:
in/underthecareofsb.;in/undersb.’scare
e.g.Thepatientisin/underthecareofayoungdoctor.
Theylefttheirsonin/underafriend’scare.
takecareofoneself/sb./sth.
e.g.Shestayedhometotakecareofthebaby.
Yoursonisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.
Mr.Smithtakescareofmarketingandpublicity.(beresponsiblefor)
Hissecretarytakescareofallhisappointments.(dealwith)
(in)careof(缩写成c/o,常用于信封上,‘由…转交’)
e.g.Youmaywritertome(in)careofLiYing.(来信可由李英转交)
c/oMissLiYing
takecare(that…/todosth)
e.g.Takecarethatyoudon’tdrinktoomuch/nottodrinktoomuch.
(proverb)Carekilledacat.(忧虑伤身)
forallIcare与我无关
③adj.
A.caring:
showingconcernorcare
e.g.Childrenneeda~environment.
Theyare~parents.
B.careful:
takingcare,cautious;payingattentionto
e.g.Heis,however,avery~observer.
Sheisvery~withherwork.
Passthepotatoesandthegreens---be~,they’rehot.
becareful(about/of/withsth.)
becareful(about/in)doingsth.
becarefulnottodosth.
e.g.Be~notto/thatyoudon’thurtherfeelings.
Be~(about/of)whatyousaytohim.
Be~(about/in)crossingtheroad.
Bemore~withyourwork.
You’dbetterbe~indealingwithsuchpeople.
C.careless:
withoutcare
becareless(about/of/withsth.)
e.g.The~driverwasresponsibleforthetrafficaccident.
Therearesome~errorsinyourdictation.
Herhusbandis~about/ofhisappearance/theconsequences.
Heis~abouthiswife’shealth.
Don’tbe~withyourmoney.
9.bygraceof:
dueto;bythefavorof
Theusualphraseis‘bythegraceofGod’,meaning‘owingtothefavorshownbyGod’.
e.g.Bygraceofhishelp,Isucceeded.
grace
①grace(n.)
a)qualityofbeingpleasing,attractiveorbeauty优雅
e.g.Sheisdancingwith~.
Shereceivedthemwithnatural~.
b)(pl.)eleganceofmanner文雅,风度
e.g.Asagirl,shelearned~srequiredofagoodhostess.
Everyloverseesathousand~sinhisbelovedobject.
c)[U]favo
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