懂你英语Level4Unit2讲课教案.docx
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懂你英语Level4Unit2讲课教案.docx
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懂你英语Level4Unit2讲课教案
懂你英语Level4
Unit2
L4Unit2-1Listening物种、环境
Theearthwasbornabout4.6millionyearsago.Thefirstlifeappearedabouta
billionyearslater.Thefirstplantdidn'tappearuntilaround2billionyearsago.Until
around580millionyearsago,lifeformedweresmallandmicroscopic(微笑的).Sineethattime,liveshasevolvedtomanydifferenttypesandspecies.However,scientistsestimatethatmorethan99%ofthemarenowextinct.
Theyhavebeenseveralextinctioneventsinthehistoryoftheearth.Intheextinctionevent,manylifeformsorspeciesoflifedieout.Thecausesofthemassiveextinctioneventsareunsoughtmystery.Theseeventsarenotpredictableandcanhappenatanytime.Scientiststhinkthatsomeofthatstartedbyasteroidpassorvolcanocorruption.Eventslikethis,canchangetheglobalconditionsthatlifedependson.
Onemajorextinctionevent,happenedabout66millionyearsago.Thateventmayhavebeenstartedbyalargeasteroidthathittheearth.Asaresult,thedinosaursandabouthalfoftheallspeciesontheplanet,diedout.Whentheasteroidhittheearth,itstartedachainofevents.Achainofeventisaseriesofeventslinkedtogether,likeachain.
Theseparticularchainofeventshappenedoveraperiodofmonthsandyears.Whentheasteroidhittheearth,itcausedhugecloudofdusttoentertheatmosphere.Thiscloudofdustblockedthesunanddarkentheearthforaperiodofmonths.Withoutenough
sunlight,plantsandplant-eatinganimals,quicklydied.Withthedeathsofsomanyplantsandanimals,thefoodchaincollapsed.Thisledtothedeathsofmanymorespecies.
Massextinctioneventshadplayedimportantpartintheevolutionoflife.Infact,
someextinctioneventshadhelpedtoaccelerateevolution.Forexample,somemammalslivedtotheageofdinosaurs,buttheycouldn'tcompete.Whenthe
dinosaurswereremoved,themammalswereabletocompetemoresuccessfully.Oncetheycouldcompete,mammalevolvedtoahigherstate.Withouttheextinctionevent,perhapswewouldn'tbeheretoday.
Scientistestimatethattherehavebeenatleast5massiveextinctionsinthepass540millionyears.Theyalsobelievedthatwehadenteredanewextinctionevent.
Speciesarebecomingextinctatamuchfasterratethanbefore.Insteadoftheasteroidandvolcanocorruptions,thecurrenteventistheresultofhumanactivities.Humanactivities,forexample,hadledtoglobalwarming.
Globalwarmingistheresultofanincreaseincarbongasesinouratmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,sotheearthisgettingwarmer.Asaresult,sealevelsarerisingandweatherpatternsarechanging.Inaddition,wehumansaredestroyinghabitatsofmanyplantsandanimals.Cuttingdownforestandpollutingriversdestroysthehabitatsofmanyformsoflife.
ThereisnoIongeranydoubtthatthisishappening.Specialsoflivesaredisappearingatanincreasingrate.Globaltemperaturesarerisingandweatherpatternsarechanging.Scientistsarewarningusthatfastactionisnecessarytosaveourfuture.Ifwedon'tact,wemaygothewayofthedinosaurs.
L4Unit2-1vocabulary身体系统、产业、技术
Thebodycirculatorysystemineludestheheartandbloodvessels.Theheartpumpsthebloodstoallpartsofbodythroughanetworkofarteriesandvein.
Thedigestivesystembreaksdownandabsorbsfoodintothebody.Itsuppliestheenergythatthebodyneedsforgrowthandrepair.Afterdigestion,excessfoodisturnedintowasteandeliminatedfromthebody.
Thenervoussystemincludesthebrain,spinalcordandnerves.Thisisyourcontrolsystem.Itcontrolsyourmusclesandorgansincludedyourcirculatorysystemanddigestivesystem.
Therespiratorysystemincludesyournoseandlungs.Itbringsairandoxygenintoyourbodyandremovethecarbondioxidefromthebody.Thelungsarewhereoxygenentersthebloodstreamandcarbondioxideisremoved.
Immunesystemprotectsbodyagainsttheinfectionsanddiseases.Sneezingandfeverareexamplesofhowtheimmunesystemsworks.Iftheinfectioninvadesthebodyandtheimmunesystemattacksit.
Thecontroluseoffireallowedpeopletocookfoodandsurviveinthecolderclimates.FireprovidedthelightsothatpeoplecouldworkandsocializeforIongerhours.
Withtheinventionofagriculture,peoplecangrowfoodandsettleintocommunities.Bygrowingfood,peoplecanspendlesstimehuntingandmoretimeonotherthings,suchasart.
Thedomesticationofanimalsallowspeopletoraiseanduseanimalsforfoodandwork.Byraiseherdsofanimals,suchassheep,peoplehaveregularsupplyofmeatandclothing.Thestrengthofanimalssuchashorsesandoxenwasusedforworkandtransportation.
Thedevelopmentoftoolsandmachineshasresultedinamorefashionmanufacturingandconstruction.Withbettertoolsandmachines,workscanbedonewithfewerpeopleandmuchlowercost.
Thedevelopmentofscieneeandengineeringhasimprovedmanythingincludingcommunications.Withunderstandingofelectricity,telephoneandradiosallowpeopletocommunicateoverlongdistances.
Theuseofmachineshasreducedthenumberofpeopleneededtomakethings.
L4Unit2-1dialogue谈论手机和老板
Itookavacationlastnight.
Whatareyoutalkingabout.Wheredidyoutakethevacation.
Ididn'tgoanywhere.ijustleftwithmysmartphone.
Howwasit.
Itwasgreat.Igotarealmagazineandreaditwithnointerpretation.Itwasverypeaceful.Yes,Ihaven'tdonethatforalongtime.
Youknowwhat,Ibegintohatesmartphone.
Really,butyoucan'tlivewithoutone,right.
Yes,that'stheproblem.
Thischangethewaypeoplelive.
Yes,Ijustsoondocumentaryaboutthat.Ahusbandwascomplaininghiswife
thatshewasspendingtoomuchtimeonhersmartphone.
Whathappened,didtheygetdivorced.
Youguessit.Intheend,theygotdivorced.
Itisabitironic,don'tyouthink.Smartphonesweresupposedtobringpeople
togetherbuttheyarepullingpeopleapart.
Yes,youareright.
Hey,justaminute,I'veamessageonsmartphoneanditwait.'t
Hey,wakeupandgetbacktowork.
What'swrongwithyou.
I'monmybreaksirandIhadabadheadache.
Well,you'renotpayingyoutosleep.
Ifyou'regoingtosleep,sleepsomeplaceselse.
Yes,sir,itwon'thappenagain.
Youhadbetternot.
Justaminute.Don'ttellmelikethat.
Whatdidyousay.
Youhurtme,youdon'thavetotreatpeoplelikethat.
Well,ifyoudon'tlikeit,Isuggestyouleave.
Ok,Iwill.Ipetenoughofyou.Iwillgetajobsomewhereelse.
L4Unit2-2Listening概率、角度
hebox.
Thismanisholdingapieceoffoodinthishand.Thepieceoffoodiseitheranorangeoranapple.Whatcan'tseewhichit'sbecausewecanseeinside
Theprobabilitythatitisanorangeisequaltotheprobabilitythatitisanapple.Itmaybeanappleoritmaybeanorange.It'sgoingtobeoneortheother.Itcan
anythingelse.
Nowlet'slookatitfromtheman'spointofview.Fromhispointofview,the
probabilityisdifferent.Fromhispointofview,thepossibilitythathehasanorangeis100%or0%.That'sbecauseheknowswhathehas.Forhim,thatisnotuncertainty.Ifhehasanorange,theprobabilityis100%.Ifhedoesn'thaveanorange,the
probabilityis0%.Heeitherhasitorhedoesn't.
Fromourpointofview,theprobabilitythathehasanorangeis50%.Fromhispointofview,theprobabilitythathehasanorangeis100%or0%.Sotheprobabilitydependsonthepointofview.
v,heis
'tbeehardhehas
Peopleseethingsfromdifferentpointsofview.Thisoftenleadstoargumentsbetweenthepeople.Herearesomeexamples.Fromhisman'spointofview
relaxing.Heneedstorelaxbecausehehasbeenworkingtoohard.Hehasngettingsleep.Hiswifeseethingsdifferently.Sheisn'tawareofhow
beenworking.Fromherpointofview,heisdoingnothing.However,sheknowswhatneedstobedonearoundthehouse.Itisn'tfairthatshehastoworkwhilehedoesnothing.Whenpeopleseethingsfromdifferentpointsofview,theyoftencometodifferentconclusion.Thisdifferencescancauserealcommunicationproblems.
L4Unit2-2vocabulary自然灾害、宗教
Earthquakesarecausedbyforcesdeepwithintheearth.Whentheearthshakes,buildingscancollapseandpeoplecanbeburiedinside.
Anexplosionisarapid,violentreleaseofenergy.Explosionscanbecausedbychemicalreaction,suchasinsidetheengine.Asparkcanigniteamixtureofgasesandreleaseenergyforgoodanddestructivepurposes.
Accidentsareoftencausedbypeopledoingfoolishthingsorbynotbeingcareful.Onemajorcauseofaccidentisdrivingtoofast.Accidentswithfirecanbeveryserious,andcanresultinverypainfulinjuries.
Epidemicsaretherapidspreadofadisease,suchasthefluandEbola.Throughouthistory,epidemicshavekilledmillionsofpeople.Stormsarecausedbychangesinatmosphere,andresultinhighwindsandheavyrains.Thunderstormsarecausedbyelectricchargesintheatmosphere,thatproducelightening,whichcancauseforestfire.Somestormscauseflooding,andmajordamagetohomesandcities.
FollowersofthelslamreligionsarecalledMuslims.TheseMuslimsareprayerinsidetheMoses.Muslimsarecalledtoprayer5timesaday,beginningjustbeforesunrise.
ChristianityisbasedontheteachingofJesuscrisis,wholivedmorethan2000yearsago.ChristianbelievethatJesusisthesonofgod.Christiansareoftengatheringinchurches
orcathedralstoworship.
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