届山东省青岛市高考英语一模试题.docx
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届山东省青岛市高考英语一模试题.docx
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届山东省青岛市高考英语一模试题
2020届山东省青岛市高考英语一模试题
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分37.5分)第一节:
(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.
1.(7.5分)Our3﹣daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!
Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.Onthewayweseewaterfalls,volcanoes,floatingicebergs,cliffs,blacksandbeaches,geysers,hotspringsandsomuchmore.ThereareevenoptionsforaglacierhikeoravisittotheSecretLagoon,andduringthesummermonthsyoucanaddaboattouronJokulsarlonGlacierLagoon.
Included:
Reykjavikpick﹣up&drop﹣off,minibustour,Englishguidance,2nightsaccommodation,glacier﹣hiking/ice﹣cavingequipment,superjeeprideforsomekm,specializedguidetoicecave,entrancefeesandnorthernlights(dependingonconditions,visiblefromSept﹣Apr).
Notincluded:
Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.Theboattripontheglacierlagoonisanoptionalextra(availableinthesummermonths).Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.
Bringwithyou:
Warmoutdoorclothing,waterproofjacketandpants,headwearandgloves.Goodhikingbootsareessential.
Note:
Youcanalwaysrentstronghikingboots,waterproofjacketandpantsinthebookingprocess.
IceCaveinformation:
Ourmaincaveis"CrystalIceCave",butifitisinaccessiblewewillvisitanothercave.Duringthesummermonths(Apr﹣Oct),wegototheKatlaIceCave.Iftheicecaveisinaccessible,wedoaglacierhikeinstead.
Drop﹣offinformation:
Wedropyouoffatyourhotelsometimebetween16:
00﹣19:
00ondaythree,dependingonweatherandroadconditions.
Contactus:
Ifyouhaveaquestionaboutthistouryoucanusethecontactformherebelow.Ifyouhaveageneralinquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)pleaseclickhere.
(1)Whatshouldyoupayextramoneyforduringthetrip?
A.Minibustour.
B.Glacierhiking.
C.Entrancefees.
D.Lunch.
(2)Ifyouwanttohaveaboattrip,you .
A.canmakeitallyeararound
B.don'tneedtopayextramoney
C.mustbuywaterproofjackets
D.hadbetterbooktheticketsinadvance
(3)Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?
A.Ahealthnewspaper.
B.Asciencefiction.
C.Atravelwebsite.
D.Aprojecthandbook.
2.(10分)Inrecentyears,stressed﹣outpeoplelivingincitieshavebeenseekingprotectioningreenspacesfortheprovenpositiveimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth,butthebenefitsof"bluespace"﹣theseaandcoastline,butalsorivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,evenfountains﹣arelesswelladvertised,yetthesciencehasbeenconsistentforatleastadecade:
beingbywaterisgoodforbodyandmind.
"Manyoftheprocessesareexactlythesameaswithgreenspace﹣withsomeaddedbenefits,"saysDrMathewWhite,aseniorlecturerattheUniversityofExeter.
Whitesaystherearethreeestablishedpathwaysbywhichthepresenceofwaterispositivelyrelatedtohealthandhappiness.First,therearethebeneficialenvironmentalfactors,suchaslesspollutedairandmoresunlight.Second,peoplewholivebywatertendtobemorephysicallyactive.Third﹣andthisiswherebluespaceseemstohaveanadvantageoverothernaturalenvironments﹣waterhasapsychologicalrecoveryeffect.Whenyouaresailing,surfingorswimming,saysWhite,"you'rereallyinstepwithnaturalforcesthere."
CatherineKellyisawellnesspractitionerwhoteachesclassesin"mindfulnessbythesea".Shesaystheseahasaqualitythatcanmakepeoplethoughtful.
"Togototheseameanslettinggo,"saysKelly."Itcouldbelyingonabeachorsomebodyhandingyouacocktail.Forsomebodyelse,itcouldbeawild,emptycoast.Butthereisthisreallyhumansenseof:
"Oh,look,there'sthesea﹣andtheshouldersdrop."
(1)Whyarebluespaceslesspopularthangreenspaces?
A.Becausegreenspacesaregoodtopeople'shealth.
B.Becauselittleresearchhasbeendoneonbluespaces.
C.Becausegreenspaceshavemorebenefitsthanbluespaces.
D.Becausethebenefitsofgreenspacesarebetteradvertised.
(2)WhereisbluespacesuperiortoothernaturalenvironmentsaccordingtoWhite?
A.Wherethere'swater,there'sfreshair.
B.Peoplelivingnearwaterarehealthier.
C.Watercanhelppeoplerestorementalhealth.
D.Theseacanmakepeoplelostindeepthought.
(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Theseawillbringyouloneliness.
B.Theseawillhurtyourshoulder.
C.Theseawillputyouatease.
D.Theseawillmakeyoufeeldown.
(4)Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?
A.Peopleincitiesprefergreenspaces.
B.Bluespaceshelpbothphysicallyandmentally.
C.Greenspaceshavebeenoutofdate.
D.Waystokeepushealthy.
3.(10分)KevinRandall,ateacher,whoteachesbiologyatGrandvilleHighSchool,runstheenvironmentalclubatthehighschool,whichhasaround2,000students.TheclubisknownastheGHSGreenTeam,anditaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持续性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.
Oneoftheclub'srecentprojectsfocusedonreducingwasteintheschoolcafeteria.Randallsaidtheircafeteriasupervisortoldthemthattheschoolwentthrough54,000plasticforkseveryyear.Theclubappliedforafinancialhelp,builtrecyclingcentersforthecafeteria,andpurchasedmetalsilverware.
Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables(一次性用品),"andthat'sjustonewaywe'retryingtocapturethelow﹣hangingfruit,ifyouwill,"Randallsaid.
TheeffortsofRandallandhisstudentshaveearnedGrandvilleHighSchooltheMichiganGreenSchoolcertificationfromthestate.Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,andleadscleanupsonsiteandoutinthecommunity.Overtheyears,Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太阳能板)ontheroofofthehighschool.
Randallsaidhewasmotivatedtotaketheleadonenvironmentalissuesforhisschoolbecausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(利害攸关)whenitcomestoclimatechange.
"AndIalsofeltlikeIneededtodomoreinmylifeformyowntwochildrenathome,"Randalladded,"Theyneedtoknowthattheirdadisworkingashardashecantoreducetheeffectsofclimatechange,andtospreadtheword,andtomakesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthisjustthewaytheyareathome."
(1)WhatisthepurposeoftheGHSGreenTeamclub?
A.Toinspirestudents'loveforbiology.
B.Tofinishtheprojectsassignedbyschool.
C.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs.
D.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.
(2)What'stheresultoftheprojectonschoolcafeteria?
A.Ithaschangedtheoutlookofthecafeteria.
B.Studentscanhavemorefruitsinthecafeteria.
C.Plasticforksarenolongerusedinthecafeteria.
D.Theschoolhasbecomefamousnationwide.
(3)What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theclassificationoftheprojects.
B.Thecharacteristicsoftheclub.
C.Theactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.
D.Thefutureoftheclub.
(4)WhatwasRandall'saimbydoingtheworkonenvironmentalissues?
A.Toeducatetheyoung.
B.Togetmaterialrewards.
C.Toamusehischildren.
D.Tomakehimselffamous.
4.(10分)Hybridcarsarecarsthatrunonbothpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower.
Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.
Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime,thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded,buttheenginecontinuesburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.
Hybridcarsarealsolighterandaerodynamically(空气动力学的)designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.
Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof"regenerativebraking(刹车)".Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransformedintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.
Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1928FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmass﹣producedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However,HybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.
Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,anddon'thavetopayoncertaintollroads(收费公路).Insomecitiesaroundtheworld,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree.
(1)Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?
A.Hybridcarsdon'tneedpetrolanymore.
B.Petrolengineandelectricmotorworkalltheway.
C.Hybridcarsmainlydependonelectricpowertorun.
D.Somehybridcarpetrolengineswillquitwhenunnecessary.
(2)WhichisNOTthereasonwhyhybridcarsconsumelessenergy?
A.Smallerpetrolengines.
B.Scientificdesign.
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