自动灌溉系统的设计与实现关于农业自动化灌溉浇灌滴灌控制系统设计有关 的外文文献翻译成品.docx
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自动灌溉系统的设计与实现关于农业自动化灌溉浇灌滴灌控制系统设计有关 的外文文献翻译成品.docx
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外文标题:
DesignandImplementationofanAutomaticIrrigationSystem外文作者:
AlamgirMahzabin,ChowdhuryAlmaTaziz,MuilickHomairaAmina,MollahGloria,Md.SaniatRahmanZishan
文献出处:
InternationalAdvancedResearchJournalinScience,EngineeringandTechnology,Vol.3,Issue10,October2018(如觉得年份太老,可改为近2年,毕竟很多毕业生都这样做)
英文2680单词,16538字符(字符就是印刷符),中文4246汉字。
(如果字数多了,可自行删减,大多数学校都是要求选取外文的一部分内容进行翻译的。
)
DesignandImplementationofanAutomatic
IrrigationSystem
Abstract:
Automationisveryimportantintheadvancedworld.Automationmakeslifeeasier,reducestimeforworkingmanuallyandspontaneous.Inanirrigationbasedcountryitisveryimportanttohaveadevelopedirrigationsystem.Thisprojectdealswiththeautomaticoperationofthepumptosupplywaterinthefielddependingonthesoilmoisture.ThesystemcanbeoperatedusingsolarenergyoreventheDCvoltageconvertedfromAC.ThisisdonebyprogramminginATMEGA328.
Keywords:
SolarTrackingDevice,Automaticpumpcontrol,AutomaticIrrigationSystem,Simulation.
I.INTRODUCTION
Useofpropermethodofirrigationissignificantinthefieldofagriculture.Tofulfilthisnecessity,weintroduceanadvancedautomaticirrigationsystem.Inthisautomaticsystem,wehaveusedsensors,digitalcircuits,watersourcesandacontrolunit.AnATMEGA328microcontrollerisusedwhichplaystheparttocontrolthewholeprocessofirrigation.Itisprogrammedtoturnonasolenoidwhenthemoistureinthesoilfallsbelowacertainlevelwhichisdetectedbyamoisturesensor.Ourcircuitimplemented,aimstosenseandmonitortheirrigationsystemwhichinturnmakestheentireirrigationprocessmuchmoreefficient,lesstimeconsumingandlesslabourintensive.Toachieveourgoalofatotallyautomatedfarm,wedecidedtocascadethreeindividualprojectsandmergethemintoone.Thethreeprojectsinactionare:
Anautomaticsolartrackingdevice.
Automaticpumpcontroller.
Automaticfarmirrigationsystem
ler.
Therestofthepaperisorganizedasfollows:
someearlierworksarehighlightedinsectionII.InSectionIII,thearchitectureofthesystemisdescribed.ThesimulationstudyisgiveninSectionIVandthemethodologyforachievinggoalsisdescribedinSectionV.ThediscussionsandfuturescopearedefinedinSectionsVIandVIIrespectively.FinallyconcludingremarksaremadeinSectionVIII.
II.EARLIERRESEARCHINTHEDESIGNINGANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFANAUTOMATICIRRIGATIONSYSTEM
Theideaofusingthepowerofthesunforheatingandlightingwasintuitive.Passivesolarenergyhasbeenusedasaformoflightandheatsinceearlymankind.During19thcentury,inventorsandentrepreneursinEuropeandtheU.S.developedsolarenergytechnologiesthatformedthebasisofmoderndesigns.In1839,nineteen-year-oldEdmundBecquerel,aFrenchexperimentalphysicist,discoveredthephotovoltaiceffectwhileexperimentingwithanelectrolyticcellmadeupoftwometalelectrodes.Therewasenormousinterestinthepotentialofsolarenergyoverthefollowingdecades.Itwasanothermattertodevelopthecommercialusetheuseofsolarenergyatatimewhenfossilfuelswerecheapandwidelyavailable,andthedownsidesoftheirusenotunderstood.Thefirstentrepreneurialendeavoursinsolar,then,tookplaceinparticularlocationswhereusingthesunratherthancoalmadegreatersense.
ThegreatestprogressintheuseofsolarpowerwasintheBritishprotectorateofEgypt,wheretheAmericanentrepreneurFrankShumanestablishedasolarbusiness.ShumanwasattractedtoEgyptbothasithadalotofsun,andbecausemechanizedirrigationwaseverincreasingasthelandsadjacenttotheNileRiverwerearableonlywithproperirrigation.ShumanleasedlandinthefarmingvillageofMeadi一whichwasalsotheadministrativecentreofEgypt-andpreparedtohavepartsforanexperimentalplantshippedfromPhiladelphiatoEgypt.TosaveoncostsShumandecidedtobuildtheplantfromscratchinMeadi,usinglocalmaterialsinsteadofbuildingpartsinPhiladelphiaandhavingthemshippedtoEgypt.Thefirstcommercialscalesolarplantwasthussuccessfullylaunched.
III.ARCHITECTUREOFTHESYSTEM
TheAutomaticIrrigationSystemisdesignedinsuchawaythatirrigationcanbedoneautomaticallyusinglesslabour,lesstimeandwithoutwastingwater.Thisisdonebymergingthreedifferentprojectsintoanindividualonewhereeachofthemhavegotaspecificoperationinthesystem.
A.SolarTrackingDevice
Solarpanelsarefittedonthesolartracker.Thisdevicetracksthesolarenergyfollowingthepositionofthesunduringthedaysothatmaximumamountofsunlightisreceivedbythesolarpanelwiththemotionofthesun.
Fig.l.Blockdiagramofthefullsystem
Usingsolarpanelsincreasedefficienciescanbeachieved.Itismostlyusedinremoteareaswherethereisscarcityofelectricityorelectricallinesarenotsituated.Theselectionoftrackerdependsonmanyfactorssomeofwhichareinstallationsize,electricrates,governmentincentives,landconstraints,latitude,andlocalweather.Thesolartrackerreducestheconsumptionofelectricitywithgreaterefficiency.ThistrackerisaccompaniedwiththeLDRvariationofresistanceandfeedsthedatatothemicrocontroller.Themicrocontrollersendssignaltotheservomotor.TheBakelitesheetisrequiredtomounttheLightdependantresistors(LDRs).Theservomotorshiftsthepositionofthesolarpanelsasrequiredsensedbythelightdependantresistor(LDR).TheLCDdisplaywhethersolarenergyisgeneratedornot.Inthiswaythesolartrackingdeviceoperates.
Fig.2.BlockDiagramofSolartracker
Theblockdiagramabovedepictsthebehaviourofthesolartracker.TheblockdiagramshowsthatthepowerissuppliedtothemicrocontrollerATMEGA328.Lightdependantresistor(LDR),servomotorandLCDdisplayareconnectedtothemicrocontroller.Aswesee,alightdependentresistor(LDR)sensesthepositionofthesun,throughthevariationofresistanceandfeedsthedatatothemicrocontroller.Themicrocontrollersendssignaltotheservomotor.TheBakelitesheetisrequiredtomounttheLightdependantresistors(LDRs).Theservomotorshiftsthepositionofthesolarpanelsasrequiredsensedbythelightdependantresistor(LDR).TheLCDdisplaywhethersolarenergyisgeneratedornot.
B.AutomaticPumpController
AutomaticPumpControlsystemconsistsofawaterstorage,waterleveldetectorandindicator,relay,solartracker,demotorandmicrocontroller.Thisautomaticpumpcontrolcanworkusingtwodifferentinputs-solarenergyfromSolartrackingdeviceandfrommainpowersupply.Thesolartrackerwilltakethesolarenergyasaninputtotherelaythatswitchesiton,switchingthepumpontosupplythewatertothewaterstoragetank.Thiscanalsobedonewhenthereisnosolarpower.Duringnight,thepoweristakenfromademotorwhichgetspowerfromtheac(main)supply.Theswitchingonofthepumpdependsonthewaterlevelofthestorage.Thewaterleveldetectorhastwodifferentlevelsset-oneofthemismaximumorhighlevelandtheotherisloworminimumlevel.Whenitdetectsthatthewaterisatloworminimumlevel,itwillsendasignaltothemicrocontrollertoturnonthepumpandsupplywatertothestorageandaccordingtothelevelofthewaterinthestorage,theLEDswillblinkwhichareconnectedtothewaterlevelindicator.TherearethreeLEDsconnectedtothewaterlevelindicator.WhenoneLEDornoLEDglowsthenthesecondrelayisswitchedontostartthepumpsothatwaterstartstofillinthestorageandasthewaterlevelincreasestherestoftheLEDsstartstoglow.WhenalltheLEDsglow,thentherelaystopsthepump.Whenthewaterlevelislowthepumpisswitchedonandwhenthewaterlevelishighthepumpisswitchedoff.
Eig.3.Thehardwareimplementationoftlieautomaticpumpcontrolsystem.
C.AutomaticFarmIrrigationsystem
Theautomaticirrigationsystemconsistsofthesoilmoisturesensortosensethesoilmoistureandfeedtheinputinthemicrocontroller,thesolenoidvalvetoallowthewatersupplytothefielddependingonthesoilmoisturedetected,themicrocontrollertocontrolalltheoperations,theLCDdisplayandthepowersupplyasshownintheblockdiagrambelow.
Fig.4.Blockdiagramfortheautomaticirrigationsystem
TheBlockdiagramofanautomaticirrigationsystemusingmoisturesensorisshowedabove.ItconsistsofanArduinowithATmega328Microcontroller,Moisturesensor,solenoidvalve,powersupplyandLCDDisplay.Atfirst,themoisturesensorsensestheamountofmoisturecontentinthesoilandinputsittothemicrocontroller.Dependingonthemoisturecontentofthesoil,itwillinputthemicrocontrollertoturnonorturnoffthesolenoidvalvewhichactuallygivesapressuretoturnonthepumpandsupplywatertothefields.TheMoisturelevelisdisplayedintheLCDdisplay.
Fig.5Hardwareimplementationoftheautomaticirrigation
IV.SIMULATION
Thefigure6showsthefullsimulationofourproject.ThesimulationisdoneusingProteusversion7.8.Thesimulationshowsthefullexperimentalsetup.Theprojectconsistsofthreeparts-Solartrackingdevice,automaticpumpcontrolandAutomaticIrrigationsystemusingMoisturesensor.TheSolartrackercapturestheenergyfromthesunanduseittoconvertitgenerateelectricity.Thiselectricityisusedtodrivetheautomaticpumpcontrolsystem.TheAutomaticpumpcontrolconsistsoftworelaysconnectedinseriesandademotor.Theautomaticpumpcontrolsystemcanbeturnedonintwodifferentways-usingthemainsupplyandusingthesolarenergy.Whenthesolarpowerisavaila
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