学年河南名校联盟高一上学期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx
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学年河南名校联盟高一上学期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx
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学年河南名校联盟高一上学期末考试英语试题解析版
河南名校联盟2020-2021学年高一上学期末考试英语试卷
一、阅读选择
VisitingthelocallibraryisthebestwaytocelebrateReadingMonth.Somelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexplorethemandsettledownwithanewbook.Nomatterhowtheyachieveit,thesecreativelibrariesarekeepingthemagicofreadingalive.
StuttgartCityLibrary
Stuttgart,Germany
Openedin2011,thisnine-storypubliclibraryischaracterizedbyitsattractivewhite-on-whitecolorschemeanditsboldcubicshape.Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides,andregularvisitorscanborrowartworksaswellasbooks.
BiblioteraSandroPenna
Perugia,Italy
Inacountryknownforclassicalarchitectureandhistoricalbuildings,BiblioteraSandroPennastandsoutforitsmodemaesthetics(美学).Housingbooksandmultimedia,thislibrarywasbuiltin2004.Itisnamedafteralocalpoetandiseasilyidentifiedbyitscircularpinkglasstoplikeaflyingsaucer.
SeikeiUniversityLibrary
Tokyo,Japan
Librariesareusuallyknownfortheirquietatmosphere,butthisoneencouragesconversation.PritzkerArchitecturePrize-winnerShigeruBandesignedthelibrary,whichnotonlyrespectsthosewhoneeduninterruptedstudy,butalsoisaperfectspotforstudygroupsandlivelydiscussions.
MacquarieUniversityLibrary
Sydney,Australia
Thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterialsandwasdesignedtolooklikeaeucalyptustree(桉树).Itusesrobotcranestobringrequestedbookstothefrontdesk.
1.Whatcanyoudoasanew-comerinStuttgartCityLibrary?
A.Borrowbooksandartworks.B.Enteritatanyoffourgates.
C.Openallitslightsinit.D.Userobotstobringbooks.
2.Wherecanyouprobablyenjoyclassicalarchitectureandmodernaesthetics?
A.InJapan.B.InAustralia.C.InItaly.D.InGermany.
3.Whichlibrary’sconstructionisprobablyenvironmentally-friendly?
A.StuttgartCityLibrary.B.BibliotecaSandroPenna.
C.SeikeiUniversityLibrary.D.MacquarieUniversityLibrary.
【答案】
1.B
2.C
3.D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。
本文介绍了世界上几家有着独特建筑设计的创意图书馆。
1.
细节理解题。
根据StuttgartCityLibrary下面的介绍“Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides(这座城市的文化中心,设计为感觉开放和充满阳光,可以从四个侧面进入)”可知,这家图书馆从四个方向的入口都可以进去。
故选B。
2.
细节理解题。
根据BibliotecaSandroPenna下面的介绍“Inacountryknownforclassicalarchitectureandhistoricalbuildings,BibliotecaSandroPennastandsoutforitsmodernaesthetics(美学).(在这个以古典建筑和历史建筑闻名的国家,BiblioteraSandroPenna以其现代美学而闻名)”可知,意大利素以古典建筑和历史建筑闻名;而意大利佩鲁贾的BibliotecaSandroPenna这家图书馆因其现代美学而与众不同。
故选C。
3.
细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段中的“Thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterialsandwasdesignedtolooklikeaeucalyptustree.(这座建筑是由再生材料制成的,设计得像一棵桉树)”可知,MacquarieUniversityLibrary这家图书馆是用可循环利用的材料建成的,因此它是比较环保的。
故选D。
A45-secondvideoofaNigerianboydancingbarefootintherainhaslandedtheaspiring(有抱负的)dancerascholarshiptoNewYork'sABTJacquelineKennedyOnassisSchoolofDance,oneofAmerica'smostoutstandingballetschools.
TheboyAnthony'sdancevideospreadquicklyonsocialmediawithhundredsofthousandsofviewsfrompeopleallovertheglobe.
ThevideoeventuallycaughttheattentionofCynthiaHarvey,aformerprincipaldancerofAmericanBalletTheatreandthecurrentartisticdirectoroftheABTJacquelineKennedyOnassisSchoolofDance.
“AfriendwholivesintheUKsentmethevideo,”HarveytoldCincinattiEnquirer.“Withinaday,Iwastryingtofindhim.”
Twodayslater,Harveymanagedtocontacttheboyandhisteacher.Soonafter,sheofferedafullscholarshipsoAnthonycouldattendtheABTvirtualYoungDancerSummerWorkshop,athree-weekintensiveprogram.“Youjusthavetohelpachildwhoshowsthismuchdevotion,shesaid.
Anthony'steacher,DanielAjalaOwoseni,isaself-taughtdancerwhoopenedtheLeapofDanceAcademyinhisownsmallhome.
ThevideoofAnthonywasfilmedoutsideofhishomeduetolimitedspaceinside.
“Itmadeusjustfeelveryastonishedandgrateful.Wecannotbelieveoureyes,andsomuchsupport,sometimeswethinkwe'redreaming.Godhasbeensogracioustousbyprovidingallthesethings.Anthonyisveryexcitedandhasalwaysbeenahardworker.Heishappytocontinuepursuinghisdreamsandhavethisopportunity.”OwosenitoldBoredpanda.
4.Whatdoweknowaboutthevideo?
A.ItwasshotbyHarvey.B.Itwonanawardfortheboy.
C.Itspreadvirusesonline.D.Itbenefitedtheboyalot.
5.WhydidHarveytrytohelpAnthony?
A.Shewasdeeplytouchedbyhim.B.Herfriendaskedhertodoso.
C.Herschoolwasexpectingstudents.D.Shewantedtorealizeherdream.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gracious”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.Light-hearted.B.Kind-hearted.C.Sensitive.D.Selfish.
7.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnthonyfromthetext?
A.Heneverwenttoschool.B.Helearneddancebyhimself.
C.Heisdiligentandambitious.D.Heopenedadanceschool.
【答案】
4.D
5.A
6.B
7.C
【分析】
本文是新闻报道。
文章报道了尼日利亚男孩Anthony在雨中跳芭蕾的一段视频在网上走红。
这段视频最终为男孩赢得了在美国芭蕾舞剧院集训学习的机会。
4.
细节理解题。
文章第一段中提到“A45-secondvideoofaNigerianbaydancingbarefootintherainhaslandedtheaspiring(有抱负的)dancerascholarshiptoNewYork'sABTJacquelineKennedyOnassisSchoolofDance”;第五段中提到“sheofferedafullscholarshipsoAnthonycouldattendtheABTvirtualYoungDancerSummerWorkshop,athree-weekintensiveprogram.”尼日利亚男孩Anthony赤脚在雨中跳舞的45秒的视频受到广泛的关注,使他获得了美国最好的芭蕾舞学校的奖学金,这样他可以参加青年舞蹈家夏季研讨会,获得为期三周的集训机会。
由此可知,这个视频给Anthony带来了很多好处。
故选D。
5.
推理判断题。
根据第五段最后一句Harvey所说的话“Youjusthavetohelpachildwhoshowsthismuchdevotion”(你需要帮助一个表现得如此热爱(舞蹈)的孩子)”可知,Harvey看到视频中的男孩在如此简陋的条件下依然那么专注地跳舞,深受感动,觉得必须要帮助他。
故选A。
6.
词句猜测题。
划线词前提到“somuchsupport”,划线词后提到“providingallthesethings”,Anthony的老师感谢这些突如其来的帮助。
他感谢仁慈的上帝赐予这一切。
由此可以猜测,gracious意思为“好心的,仁慈的”。
故选B。
7.
细节理解题。
根据文章首段中的“theaspiringdancer(一个有抱负的舞者)”和最后一段中的“Anthony...hasalwaysbeenahardworker.Heishappytocontinuepursuinghisdreamsandhavethisopportunity.(Anthony……一直都很努力。
他很高兴能继续追求自己的梦想,并拥有这个机会。
)”可知,Anthony很勤奋,也很有抱负。
故选C。
Eatingchocolateatleastonceaweekcouldstaveoffaheartattack,accordingtonewresearch.Chocolateispackedwithplantchemicalsthatweakeninflammation(炎症)andhelpbloodflow,explainedscientists.
LeadauthorDr.ChayakritKittanawongsaid,“Ourstudysuggestschocolatehelpskeeptheheart'sbloodvesselshealthy.”Itcollecteddatafromsixtrialsthatexaminedthelinkoverthepastfivedecades.Atotalof336,289peoplereportedtheirintake.Thosewhoatechocolatemorethanonceaweekreducedtheirriskofcoronaryartery(冠状动脉)diseasebyeightpercent.Thiswascomparedtopeerswhoateitlessthanonceaweek.
Chocolateisknowntoproducethesamechemicalinthebrainasfallinginlove.Butevidenceisgrowingthatitsreputationasa“guiltypleasure”iswrong.Dr.Krittanawongsaid,“Chocolatecontainshearthealthynutrientssuchasflavonoids,methylxanthines,polyphenolsandstearicacidwhichmayreduceinflammation.
KnownmedicallyasHDL(high-densitylipoprotein)(高密度脂蛋白),ithelpstoridLDL(low-densitylipoprotein)outofthebody.Whenthiscollects,itcausesvesselsandarteriestobecomeblockedup.Itcanstopbloodflowtotheheartorbrain,causingaheartattackorstroke.Dr.Krittanawongsaid,“Inthepast,clinicalstudieshaveshownchocolateisbeneficialforbloodpressure.
Darkchocolatehaslongbeenknowntohavehealthbenefitsbutrecentresearchhassuggestedmilkchocolatemayalsoprovidevaluablenutrientstotheheart.Dr.Krittanawongpointedouthisstudydidnotinvestigatewhetheranyparticulartypeofchocolateismorebeneficial-orifthereisanidealportionsize.Hesaid,“Chocolateappearspromisingforthepreventionofcoronaryarterydisease.Butmoreresearchisneededtoshowhowmuchandwhatkindofchocolatecouldberecommended.”
Whileit'snotclearhowmuchisperfect,Dr.Krittanawongwarnedpeopleagainstovereating.Hesaid,“Moderateamountsofchocolateseemtoprotectcoronaryarteriesbutit'slikelythatlargequantitiesdonot.”
8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?
A.Theresultofthestudy.B.Theprocessofthestudy.
C.Theparticipantsofthestudy.D.Theintentionofthestudy.
9.Whichofthefollowingcanprobablypreventbloodflow?
A.Aheartattack.B.Astroke.
C.High-densitylipoprotein.D.Low-densitylipoprotein.
10.Whatdoestherecentstudytellus?
A.Chocolateisgoodforbloodpressure.B.Darkchocolateisbeneficialforhealth.
C.Milkchocolatemayalsobenefittheheart.D.Chocolatecontainsspecialplantchemicals.
11.What'sDr.Krittanawong'sattitudetowardchocolate'spreventingcoronaryarterydisease?
A.Indifferent.B.Hopeful.C.Negative.D.Uncertain.
【答案】
8.A
9.D
10.C
11.B
【分析】
本文是说明文。
新的研究表明,适量食用巧克力有助于减轻炎症,促进血液流动,有利于我们的健康。
8.
主旨大意题。
根据第二段中的“Ourstudysuggestschocolatehelpskeeptheheart'sbloodvesselshealthy.(我们的研究表明巧克力有助于保持心脏血管的健康。
)”和最后两句“Thosewhoatechocolatemorethanonceaweekreducedtheirriskofcoronaryartery(冠状动脉)diseasebyeightpercent.Thiswascomparedtopeerswhoateitlessthanonceaweek.(每周吃一次以上巧克力的人患冠状动脉疾病的风险降低了8%。
这是与每周吃不到一次的同龄人相比的结果。
)”可知,本段主要是介绍Krittanawong博士的新研究结果。
故选A。
9.
细节理解题。
根据第四段前三句“KnownmedicallyasHDL(high-densitylipoprotein)(高密度脂蛋白),ithelpstoridLDL(low-densitylipoprotein)outofthebody.Whenthiscollects,itcausesvesselsandarteriestobecomeblockedup.Itcanstopbloodflowtotheheartorbrain,causingaheartattackorstroke.(医学上被称为高密度脂蛋白(HDL),它有助于将低密度脂蛋白(LDL)排出体外。
当这些物质聚集时,就会导致血管和动脉阻塞。
它可以阻止血液流向心脏或大脑,导致心脏病发作或中风。
)可知,当低密度脂蛋白聚集的时候,它会造成动脉血管堵塞,从而阻碍通往心脏或大脑的血液流通,最终造成心脏病发作或中风。
故选D。
10.
细节理解题。
根据第五段中首句“.butrecentresearchhassuggestedmilkchocolatemayalsoprovidevaluablenutrientstotheheart.(但最近的研究表明,牛奶巧克力也可能为心脏提供有价值的营养。
)”可知,
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