Norm of Graduation Paper for Undergraduates in English.docx
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Norm of Graduation Paper for Undergraduates in English.docx
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NormofGraduationPaperforUndergraduatesinEnglish
NormofGraduationPaperforUndergraduatesinEnglish
(英语专业本科毕业论文撰写规范)
I.StructureandWritingRequirements
(论文结构及写作要求)
Yourgraduationpapershallinclude:
Chinesecover,Englishfrontpage,contents,Englishabstractandkeywords,Chineseabstractandkeywords,mainbody,bibliography,acknowledgementandappendixes.Itshallbeboundaccordingtothisorder.
A.EnglishFrontPage(英文扉页)
TheEnglishfrontpageshallincludethetitle,thenamesoftheauthorandthetutor,theacademicdegreethatthepaperisfor,nameofthedepartmentandtime.
B.Contents(目录)
Thecontentstableliststhemajorchaptersandsectionsofthepaperandthepagenumbers.
C.AbstractandKeyWords(摘要与关键词)
1.Abstract
Abstractisthemainideaofthepaper.Itisabriefsummaryoftheresearchyouhavecarriedout,whichincludesthepurpose,themethods,thesisstatement,majorargumentsandconclusionoftheresearchanditssignificance.Itshallbeclearandcomplete.ThelengthoftheEnglishabstractisusually150wordsandtheChineseabstractshallbeanequivalenceoftheEnglishone.TheEnglishabstractshallbeputbeforetheChineseone.
2.KeyWords
Keywordsareprovidedfordocumentretrieve.Theyshallcoverthemajorterminologiesusedinthepaper.Usually,3to10wordsshallbelisted.TheEnglishkeywordsshallbeproperlytranslatedintoChineseandlistedaftertheChineseabstract.
D.ThePaper(论文正文)
Thepaperincludesintroduction,themainbodyandconclusion.
1.Introduction
Introductionshallincludethepurpose,backgroundandmeaningoftheresearch,literaturereviewwhichconcludeswhattheothershavedoneonthisresearchtopic,andabriefintroductiontoyourresearchwhichincludesyourthesisstatementandmajorarguments.Itisthebeginningofthepaperandshallnotbenumbered.
2.MainBody
Themainbodyofthepapershallbeclear,coherentandlogical.
3.Conclusion
Itistheconclusionoftheresearchdiscussedinthepaper.Yourinnovativeideasshallbeemphasized.Itusuallyincludesthemajordiscoveriesintheresearch,itsmeaningandsuggestionsforfurtherresearchandsoon.Itshallnotbenumbered.
E.Bibliography(参考文献)
TheWorksCitedlist,orBibliography,isalistofallthesourcesusedinyourpaper,arrangedalphabeticallybyauthor’slastname,orwhenthereisnoauthor,bythefirstwordofthetitle(exceptA,AnorThe).
F.Acknowledgement(致谢)
Theacknowledgementshowsyourappreciationtothepersonsororganizationswhichhelpedyouduringtheresearch.Itshallbesimple,clearandsincere.
II.FormatandTypeofthePaper
(书写及打印要求)
A.TypingandBindingofPaper(论文打印与装订)
Thewholepaperincludingthebibliographyshallbetypedwithdoublespacesbetweenthelines(1.5倍行距).TherestshallbethesameasTheWritingPrinciplesofDissertationforBachelor’sDegreeofHAU.
B.EnglishCover(英文扉页)
ThetitleshallbetypedinTimesNewRoman(TNR)24,boldandtherestshallbetypedinTNR14.GotoAppendix1toseethesample.
C.Contents(目录)
Thecontentstableshalllistallthechaptersandthepagenumbers,includingEnglishabstractandkeywords,Chineseabstractandkeywords,contents,mainbody,bibliography,acknowledgementandappendixes.“Contents”shallbetypedinTNR14,boldinthemiddle.TherestshallbetypedinTNR12.
GotoAppendix2toseethesample.
D.AbstractandKeyWords(摘要与关键词)
Thewords“Abstract”and“KeyWords”shallbetypedinTNR14,boldandthecontentoftheEnglishabstractshallbetypedinTNR12.
中文摘要与关键词部分,“摘要”与“关键词”用四号黑体,摘要内容用五号宋体。
GotoAppendix2toseethesample.
E.ThePaper(论文正文)
Eachpartshallbetypedseparately.Inthechapterorsectiontitles,theinitialofeverysubstantivewordshallbecapitalized.
外语类论文层次代号及说明
I.□×××××
Middle,TNR14,Bold
A.□×××××
Leftbeginning,TNR12,Bold
1.□×××××
Leftbeginning,TNR12,Bold
(1)□×××××
Leftbeginning,TNR12
(a)□×××××
Leftbeginning,TNR12
□□□□×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
4spacesatthebeginning,TNR12
II.□×××××(另起一页)
Middle,TNR14,Bold
F.NotesandBibliography(注解和参考文献)
1.Notes
InMLAdocumentationstyle,youacknowledgeyoursourcesbykeyingbriefparentheticalcitationsinyourtexttoanalphabeticallistofworks(Bibliography)attheendofthepaper.TheparentheticalcitationthatconcludesthefollowingsentenceistypicalofMLAstyle.
e.g.AncientwritersattributedtheinventionofthemonochordtoPythagoras,wholivedinthesixthcenturyBC(Marcuse197).
Thecitation“(Marcuse197)”tellsreadersthattheinformationinthesentencewasderivedfrompage197ofaworkbyanauthornamedMarcuse.Ifreaderswantmoreinformationaboutthissource,theycanturntotheBibliographypage,whereunderthenameofMarcuse,theywouldfindthefollowinginformation.
Marcuse,Sibyl.ASurveyofMusicalInstruments.NewYork:
Harper,1975.
Theparentheticalcitationworkslikethis:
(1)Mentionyoursource(author’slastnameandpagenumber)withinthetextofyourpaperinparentheses,likethis:
e.g.Oneofthegreatall-timebestsellers,UncleTom’sCabin,soldover300,000copiesinAmericaandmorethan2millioncopiesworld-wide(Wilson3).
(2)Ifyouarequotingdirectlyorifyouwanttostresstheauthorityofthesourceyouareparaphrasing,youmaymentionthenameofthesourceinyoursentence.Thenincludejustthepagenumber(ornumbers)attheendinparentheses,likethis:
e.g.InPatrioticGore,EdmundWilsontellsusthatMrs.Stowefelt“thebookhadbeenwrittenbyGod”(5).
(3)Ifyoumustquoteindirectly—somethingquotedfromanothersourcenotavailabletoyou—indicatethisinyourparentheticalreferencebyusing“qtd.In”(for“quotedin”).ThefollowingexamplecomesfromabookwrittenbyDonaldJohansonandMaitlandEdey:
e.g.RichardLeakey’swife,Maeve,toldthepaleanthropologistDavidJohanson,“Weheardallaboutyourbonesontheradiolastnight”(qtd.inJohansonandEdey162).
(4)Ifyouareusingasourcewrittenoreditedbymorethanthreepeople,useonlythenameofthefirstpersonlisted,followedby“etal.”(meaning“andothers”):
e.g.Blairetal.observethatthefineartswerealmostignoredbycolonialwriters(21).
Itisobservedthatthefineartswerealmostignoredbycolonialwriters(Blairetal.21).
(5)Ifyourefertomorethanoneworkbythesameauthor,includeashortenedtitleinthecitationinyourtextlike:
e.g.Itisnoticedprimaryschoolpupilsoftenmakethismistake(Gould,Mismeasured138).
(6)Iftheauthor’snameisnotgiven,thenuseashortenedtitleinstead.Inyourabbreviation,besuretouseatleastthefirstwordofthefulltitletosendthereadertotheproperalphabetizedentryonyourBibliographypage.Thefollowingisareferencetoanewspaperarticleentitled“RamificationsofBaboonUseExpectedtoBecome,anIssue”:
e.g.Thedoctorobservedthatsomepeopleobjectedtothetransplantongroundsthatwereemotionalratherthanrational(“Ramifications”A23).
(7)Ifyouarequotingmorethanfourtypedlines,youshallindentthequotation5spacesonbothsidesandomitthequotationmarks.Citethepagenumberinparenthesestwospacesaftertheperiod:
e.g.
AboutNorainIbsen’sADoll’sHouse,LivUllmanwrites,
Shesaysgoodbyetoeverythingthatisfamiliarandsecure.Shedoesnotwalkthroughthedoortofindsomebodyelsetolivewithandfor;sheisleavingthehousemoreinsecurethansheeverrealizedshecouldbe.Butshehopestofindoutwhosheisandwhysheis.Sheisfacingwiththeproblemoffindingoutherownidentity.(263)
2.Bibliography
ThefollowingmodelswillhelpyouwriteBibliographyentriesformostofthesourcesyouwilluse.Yourreferencesshallbelistedaccordingtoalphabeticorderbytheauthor’slastname.
(1)Books
Commonentry:
Author’slastname,firstname.Titleofthebook.cityofPublication:
PublishingHouse,yearofpublication.
(a)Bookbyoneauthor
Wilson,Edmund.PatrioticGore:
StudiesintheLiteratureoftheAmericanCivilWar.NewYork:
OxfordUP,1966.
Wilson,FrankR.TheHand:
HowItsUseShapestheBrain,Language,andHumanCulture.NewYork:
Pantheon,1998.
(b)Twoormorebooksbythesameauthor
Gould,StephenJay.TheMismeasureOfman.NewYork:
Norton,1981.
---,ThePanda’sThumb:
MoreReflectionsinNaturalHistory.NewYork:
Norton,1980.
---,ed.SoundandPoetry.NewYork:
ColumbiaUP,1957.
(c)Bookby2ormoreauthors
2authors:
Firstauthor’slastname,firstname,andsecondauthor’sfullname.[Note:
Onlythefirstauthor’slastnameisputbeforehisfirstname.]Titleofthebook.cityofPublication:
PublishingHouse,yearofpublication.
Cross,Susan,andChristineHoffman.BruceNauman:
TheatersofExperience.NewYork:
GuggenheimMuseum;London:
Thames&Hudson,2004.
Eggins,Suzanne,andDianeSlade.AnalyzingCasualConversation.London:
Cassell,1997.
3authors:
Brusaw,CharlesW.,GeraldJ.Alfred,andWalterE.Oliu.TheBusinessWriter’sHandbook.NewYork:
St.Martin’s,1976.
morethanthreeauthors
Sheridan,MarionC.,etal.TheMotionPictureandtheTeachingofEnglish.NewYork:
Appleton,1965.[Thephrase“etal.”isanabbreviationfor“etalii,”meaning“andothers.”]
(d)Bookbyananonymousauthor
Beowulf.Trans.KevinCrossleyHolland.NewYork:
Farrar,1968.
EncyclopediaofVirginia.NewYork:
Somerset,1993.
(e)Bookwithaneditor,translatororcompiler
Zaranka,William,ed.TheBrandXAnthologyofPoetry.Cambridge:
AppleWood,1981.
[Forabookwithtwoormoreeditors,use“eds.”]
DeBeauvoir,Simone.TheSecondSex.Trans.H.M.Parshley.NewYork:
Knopf,1971.
Sevilano,Mando,comp.TheHopiWay:
TalesfromaVanishi
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