高三英语时态语态综合复习与训练.docx
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高三英语时态语态综合复习与训练.docx
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高三英语时态语态综合复习与训练
教师辅导讲义
年级:
高三课时数:
3辅导科目:
英语
课题
时态语态综合复习与训练
教学目的
系统梳理时态、语态用法,掌握并灵活运用其重要考点。
教学内容
Step1:
Greetings&Freetalk
(请老师选择学生感兴趣的话题进行口语练习)
Step2:
Assignmentschecking&Revision
I、错题重现(请老师根据学生具体情况添加)
II、重点知识回顾
Step3:
Grammarfocus—被动语态复习
被动语态的构成方式:
be+过去分词,口语只也有用get/become+过去分词表示。
被动语态的基本用法:
不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。
强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。
(1)使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。
①主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。
看下列例句。
Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.
Aninterestingbookwasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.
Iwasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.
②主动变被动时,宾补成主补(位置不变);(作补语的)不定式前需加to。
Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.
Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss)
③短语动词变被动语态时,勿要掉“尾巴”。
Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof(byher).
Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.
④情态动词和begoingto、beto、besureto、usedto、haveto、hadbetter等结构变被动语态,只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be+过去分词。
⑤当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时,被动语态有两种形式:
(A)谓语动词用被动语态,动词不定式作主补。
(B)用it作形式主语,真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。
如:
Peoplesayheisasmartboy.
Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.
Heissaidtobeasmartboy.
PeopleknowpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.
ItisknownthatpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.
PaperwasknowntobemadeinChinafirst.
类似句型有:
Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat…
(2)不能用被动语态的几种情况。
①所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
②表示状态的谓语动词,如:
last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、looklike、consistto等。
③表示归属的动词,如have、own、belongto等。
④表示“希望、意图”的动词,如:
wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。
⑤宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态,不能用被动语态。
⑥宾语是同源宾语,不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。
⑦有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义,特别是当主语是物时,常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock等。
(3)主动形式表被动意义。
①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时;当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时;当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。
Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布易洗。
Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.这些小说不畅销。
Mypenwritessmoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
Thedoorwon’tlock.门锁不上。
Thefishsmellsgood.鱼闻起来香。
②当breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。
Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.
Thelampsonthewallturnoff.
③want,require,need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。
④beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动含义。
⑤在“be+形容词+todo”中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动代被动。
Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.
Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.
另外:
betoblame(受谴责),betorent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。
(4)被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。
①beseated坐着
Heisseatedonabench.(Heseatshimselfonabench.)坐在凳子上。
②behidden躲藏
Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.(Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.)他藏在门后。
③belost迷路
④bedrunk喝醉
⑤bedressed穿着
Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.
(5)被动语态与系表结构的区别
被动语态强调动作;系表结构表主语的特点或状态。
如:
Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.(被动语态)
Thebookiswellsold.(系表结构)
Step5:
典型例题讲解
1.Iwasoutoftownatthetime,soIdon’tknowexactlyhowit_______.
A.washappeningB.happenedC.happensD.hashappened
【解析】选B.本题考查具体语境中的时态,后一句隐藏的时间状语是atthetime.
2.Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.
A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto
【解析】选A.考查动词时态和主谓一致。
主语中心词是Dr.Smith,表单数,谓语动词用单数形式;时间状语是thissummer,表计划性的将来,故时态用一般将来时,选A。
3.Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime,butallthetickets____out.
A.wouldsellB.hadsoldC.havesoldD.wasselling
【解析】选B。
本题中有一般过去时went,而sellout发生在wenttotheboxoffice之前,所以表示过去的过去,用过去完成时。
4.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!
—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.
A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied
【解析】选A.我在四川大学学过4年法语是指过去发生过的事情,所以谓语动词用一般过去时,该题由于有forfouryears.造成一部分学生做出错误的选择,而误选D。
5.ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_______.
A.ismadeB.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade
【解析】选C.根据选项此题考察时态和语态。
makefortune译为“发财”,make在句中需要使用被动形式,因此排除B和D,题干中led提示时间为过去,因此选择C。
betodo译为“将会将要”,wastobemade表示过去将来。
句意:
在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。
6.—I'msorry,butIdon'tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?
—Sorry,Imyselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.
A.hadn'tmadeB.wouldn'tmakeC.don'tmakeD.haven'tmade
【解析】选D.上文说没听清是几号回来。
而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。
根据句意我们只能选didn'tmake或者haven'tmade.那落在选项中我们只能选择D。
A.hadn'tmade过去完成时表过去的过去,不符合题意。
B.wouldn'tmake过去将来时时态不正确。
C一般现在时不正确。
Step6:
Consolidationexercise.
SectionA:
基础题
1.----Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.
----Iamtired.Ithelivingroomallday.
A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted
2.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympicsby2006.
A.hasbeencompletedB.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted
3.hewillreturntohisnativeland.
A.ItislongbeforethatB.ItisbeforelongthatC.Itwon’tbelongbeforeD.Itwillbebeforelongthat
4.Hiswifetocatchthefirsttrainbutshewastoolate.
A.hopingB.hadhopedC.hashopedD.wouldhope
5.Tomsaidhetoher,butheyet.
A.willwrite;didn’tB.haswritten;hasn’tC.wasgoingtowrite;wasn’tD.wouldwrite;hasn’t
6.Millionsofpounds’worthofdamagebyastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.
A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused
7.----Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?
----Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilmquiteearly,sowetothebookstoreafterthat.
A.finished;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;go
8.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartheachyear.
A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway
9.----What’swrongwithyourleg?
----Igotinjuredinacaraccident.
----Isupposeyoutoofast.
A.weredrivingB.haddrivenC.hadbeendrivingD.havedriven
10.----Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?
----I,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.
A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did
11.----Hello!
Fancymeetingyouhere!
----Hi,Elizabeth.Ihowtospendthemorning—untilIsawyou.
A.wasjustwonderingB.havewanderedC.amjustwonderingD.hadbeenwondered
12.----DoesLiuHuaserveinthearmy?
----No,butheinthearmyforthreeyears.
A.servedB.hasservedC.isservingD.wouldserve
13.----ThisreturnedChinesescholarhasbecomeoneofthetopexpertsinthisfield.
----Yes,Iknowhimverywell.HeinAfricawithanimalsforeightyears.
A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.workedD.hasbeenworking
14.----What’swrongwithyourcoat?
----JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttomeonit.
A.satB.hadsatC.hadbeensittingD.wassitting
15.Thecountrylifehewasusedtogreatlysince1992.
A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged
16.Idon’treallyworkhere;Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.
A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout
17.Expertsthinkwewon’thavecleanwatertodrinkunlesssomethingsoon,butmuchremainsaboutenvironmentprotection.
A.wouldbedone;doingB.isdone;tobedoneC.willbedone;todoD.isdone;todo
18.Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,heusmuchimpression.
A.hadn’tleftB.didn’tleaveC.doesn’tleaveD.hasn’tleft
19.----Doyouknowourtownatall?
----No.ThisisthefirsttimeIhere.
A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming
20.----IsupposeJackislateagain.
----Youit!
A.areguessingB.willguessC.guessD.haveguessed
****************************************************************************************************
Keys:
1-5.CCBBD6-10ACDAC11-15.AACDB16-20.CBCBD
SectionB:
提高题
1.Inthepastit____peopletwoyearstogoroundtheworld.
Ahadtaken Bhastaken Ctook Dwastaking
2.Greatchanged____inmyhometowninthepastfewyears.
Aweretakenplace Bhavebeentakenplace Ctookplace Dhavetakenplace
3.Hisfather_____severaltimesduringthewarofliberation.
Ahadbeenwounded Bwaswounded Cwounded Dhadwounded
4.Thisnovel____well.
Asells Bissold Cwillbesold Dhasbeensold
5._____thenewcolorfilm____thisyear?
AWill;beshown BDid;show CAre;shown DHas;beenshown
6.Thework_____intwodays.
Ahasbeenfinished Bwillfinish Cwillbefinished Darefinished
7.Ishouldn'ttrusthimbecausehe_____thepolice.
Aisknownby Bknows Chasknownto Disknownto
8.ThousandsofpeopletookpartintheworkwhentheThreeGorgesproject_____.
Awouldbebuilt Bwasbuilding Cwerebeingbuilt Dhadbeenbuilt
9.Thissickman_____tohospitalrightaway.
Amustsend Bwillsend Coughtbesent Dmustbesent
10.DoyouknowwhentheChineseCommunistParty_____?
Aisfound Bfound Chasbeenfounded Dwasfounded
11.WhenIgottohishome,I____thathe_____toBeijing.
Atold;hadgone Bwastold;went Cwastold;hadgone Dtold;hadbeen
12.we_____tobecarefulofratssincethewholestreetwasfullofrubbish.
Awarned Bhavewarned Chavebeenwarned Dwerewarning
13.-__you__intheheavyrainlastnight?
AWere;caught BDid;catch CHad;beencaught DHave;caught
14.Howlong_____theconcert_____?
Ahas;beenlasted Bdid;last Cwill;belasted Dwas;lasted
15.whensugar____enough,ablacksubstanceappears.
Aheats
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