精选修辞.docx
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精选修辞.docx
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精选修辞
1Unit1
1.Onomatopoeia(拟声词):
e.g.1)tinklingbells(Para.1)
2)thesqueakingandrumbling(Para. 9)
2.Metaphor(暗喻):
e.g.1)theheatandglareofabigopensquare(Para.1)
2)Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.(Para.1)
3)Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers(Para. 5).(metaphorandpersonification)
4)inthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthisbazaar(Para.7)
5)Itisavast,sombercavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothickwiththedustofcenturiesthatthemudbrickroofareonlydimlyvisible.(Para.8)
3.Alliteration(头韵):
e.g.1)…threadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeople(Para.1)
2)…makeapointofprotesting
4.Hyperbole(夸张):
e.g.1)atinyrestaurant(Para.7)
2)afloodofglisteninglinseedoil(Para. 9)
5.Antithesis(对仗):
e.g.1)…atinyapprenticeblowsabigcharcoalfirewithahugeleatherbellows…(Para. 5)
2)…whichtowerstothevaultedceilinganddwarfsthecamelsandtheirstonewheels.(Para. 9)
6.Personification(拟人):
e.g.…1)astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightof…(Para.5)
2)同2.3
Unit2
1、Metaphor:
暗喻
1).Andsecondly,becauseIhadalumpinmythroatandalotofsadthoughtsonmymindthathadlittletodowithanythinginNipponrailwaysofficialmightsay.(Para.1)
2).…Iwasagaincrushedbythethought…(Para. 9)
3).…Atlasttheintermezzocametoanendand…(Para. 5,Line1)2
4).…whenthemeaningoftheselastwordssankin,joltingme…(Para.18)
2.Synecdoche:
提喻
e.g.1)TheratherarrestingspectacleoflittleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskyscrapersistheverysymboloftheincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.(Para.7)
2)Therewerefreshbows,andthefacesgrewmoreandmoreseriouseachtimethenameHiroshimawasrepeated.littleoldJapan:
traditionalJapanesehouses
3)Metonymy:
换喻
E.g1)TheratherarrestingspectacleoflittleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskyscrapersistheverysymboloftheincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.(Para.7)
2)thekimonoandtheminiskirt:
theJapanesecultureandthewesternculture
4.Irony:
反语
e.g.ThiswayIlookatthemandcongratulatemyselfonthegoodfortunethatmyillnesshasbroughtme.(Para. 38)
5.Climax:
层进法
E.g.Noonetalksaboutitanymore,andnoonewantsto,especiallythepeoplewhowerebornhereorwholivedthroughit.(para.23)
6.Anti-climax:
渐降
e.g.“seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters.”(para.17)
7.Alliteration:
E.g.:
Butlatermyhairbegantofallout,andmybellyturnedtowater.Ifeltsick,andeversincethentheyhavebeentestingandtreatingme.(para.31)
8.Simile明喻
e.g.Seriouslookingmenspoketooneanotherasiftheywereobliviousofthecrowdsaboutthem(para.2)
Unit 3
1.Personification
e.g.1)Wherethereshouldhavebeengentleblue-greenwaveslappingagainstthesideoftheship,therewasnothingbuthotdrysand.(Para.1)
2.Hyperbole
e.g.thepopulationexplosion(Para.20)
3.Metaphor
1)anotherghostlyimage(Para.7)
2)theseghostsinthesky(Para.8)
4.Metonymy
1)Accordingtoourguide,thebiologistTomLovejoy,therearemoredifferentspeciesofbirdsineachsquaremileoftheAmazonthanexistinallofNorthAmerica-whichmeanswearesilentlythousandsofsongswehaveeverheard.(para.6)
2)therelationshipbetweenthetwosuperpowers(Para.23)
5.Alliteration
Acrebyacre,therainforestisbeingburnedtocreatefastpastureforfast-foodbeef.(para.6)
Unit4
1.Metaphor
Eg:
1)Haveyoueverseenalameanimal,perhapsdogrunoverbysomecarelesspersonrichenoughtoownacar,sidleuptosomeonewhoisignorantenoughtobekindofhim?
(para.9)
2)AfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldmetojustcallhimHakim-a-barber.(para.42)
3)Youdidn’tevenhavetolookclosetoseewherehandspushingthedasherupanddowntomakebutterhadleftakindofsinkinthewood.(para.54)
2.exaggeration
E.g.:
1)Andshestopsandtriestodigawellinthesandwithhertoe.(para.18)
2)Ifeelmywholefacewarmingfromtheheatwavesitthrowsout.(para.20)
3.Ironic
“Maggie’sbrainislikeanelephant’s”.Wangerosaid,laughing.(para.53)
4.Simile
E.g:
1)“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“canIhavetheseoldquilts?
(para.56)2)Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.(para.65)
Unit 5
1.Periodicsentences(圆周句)
a)Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies,flashesaway.4
b)AnymanorstatewhofightsonagainstNazidomwillhaveouraid.
c)IfHitlerimaginesthathisattackonSovietRussia…heiswoefullymistaken.
d)WhenIawokenonthemorningofSunday,the22nd,thenews…invasionofRussia.
2.Rhetoricalquestion(interrogation)反问
E.g.…butcanyoudoubtwhatourpolicywillbe?
(para.10)
3.parallelstructure平行结构parallelism
a)WewillneverparleyWewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgangb)weshallfighthimbylandweshallfighthimbyseaweshallfighthimintheair.
c)behindallthisglarebehindallthisstormIsee…
d)IseetheRussiansoldiersstanding…Iseethemguarding…Iseethetenthousandvillages…Iseeadvancingupon…
4.Inversion倒置
a)Fromthisnothingwillturnus-nothing(para.10)
5.Repetition重复
Wehavebutoneaimandonesingle,irrevocablepurpose.Hehassolongthrivedandprospered.Wewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate…simileIseealsothedull…Germansoldiers…crawlinglocusts.(para.8)
6.metaphor
a)IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland…thresholdreferstothethresholdoftheirnation.(para.8)
b)Behindallthisglare,behindallthisstorm,Iseethatsmallgroupof…Glare:
afierceorangrystare;Hereitreferstowarfire.Storm:
strongwindandrain;HereitreferstowarorHitler’sassaultontheothercountries.
c)…delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey(theRussiansoldiers).d)Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.
e)WeareresolvedtodestroyHitlerandeveryvestigeoftheNaziregime.
f)wehaveridtheearthofhisshadow(influence)andliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke(control).
7.alliteration
a)Hearthandhome
b)Ialsoseethedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcrawlinglocustsLetuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.PersonificationIseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.Hyperbole/exaggerationIfHitlerinvadedHellIwouldmakeatleastafavourablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseof Commons.(Hitlerismuchevilerthanthedevil.)(p.78)
Unit6
1. Metaphor
1)AsaresultthenervesofboththeDukeand“Duchesswereexcessivelyfrayedwhenthemutedbuzzeroftheouterdooreventuallysounded.
2)•...thenervesofboth...wereexcessivelyfrayed…•hiswifeshothimaswift,warningglance.
3)•Thewordsspatforthwithsuddensavagery.
4)•I’llspellitout.
5)Hertone...withered...
6)•...self-assurance...flickered...
7)•TheDuchesskeptfirmtightreinonherracingmind.
8)•Hervoicewasawhiplash.
9)•eyesboredintohim
10)•they'llthrowthebook,...rhetoricalquestionInwhatconceivablewaydoesourcarconcernyou?
2.Euphemism委婉语
1)andyoutookaladyfriend.Leastways,Iguessyou’dcallherthatifyou’renottoofussy.Metonymy:
won100atthetablesOnomatopoeia:
appreciativechucklecluckedhistongue
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