高考短文改错解题技巧.docx
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高考短文改错解题技巧.docx
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高考短文改错解题技巧
高中英语短文改错解题策略
设错基本原则
绝大多数情况下,短文改错题设错为:
多一个词(约1题)、少一个词(约1题)、错一个词(约8题)。
常见错误类型
1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有:
①现在时与过去时混用;②and前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致;④缺少谓语动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
1)Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudies.
2)Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.
3)Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.
4)Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.
5)Forthemostpart,studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirownuse.
6)ButthemostwonderfulthingaboutJackwerehismusicalability.
◆讲练结合
时态错误
主从句时态的不一致,或某一时态与文章主体时态不一致
1.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmebecauseIwassofaraway.
2.Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.
3.YoualwaysheldmeinyourarmsandtoldmestoriestillIfallasleep.
4.MyfatherandIstayedattheSouthLakeHotelforaweekwhenIvisitBeijinglastmonth.
5.Thankyouforallyouhaddoneforme.
6.WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain,myfathersaid,"That'sit.Nomoretoysforyou.
7.Shesaiditwasthebestgiftshehaseverhad.
8.Myteachershavebeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.Soifwhattheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize.
9.Webecamefriendsshortlyafterwemeeteachother.
10.Atthattime,weoftenspendtimetogether.
11.Friendsarethoseyoulikeandtrust,andyouwillenjoyeveryminuteyouspentwiththem.
12.Ourfoodarrivedwithanote.Itreads,“Yourlunchhasbeenpaidfor.…”
13.OnedayintherestaurantwhereIworked,Iamservingatableoffour.
14.Sheknowswhathadhappened,thankedmeandnevermentioneditagain.
15.Mysistersawalovelycupwhenweareshoppingtheotherday.
主谓不一致
1.NowmyfriendAnn,togetherwithme,aregoingtodofieldstudy.
2.WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehigh-speedInternetconnectionintheroom.
3.Afterhearingyoursadstories,hewillsaysomewordsthatisniceandwarm.
4.Whatwerebetter,Ihadusefulhelp.
5.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingiftheylike.
2.名词的常见错误
单复数名词错用;注意区分名词是可数还是不可数;或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。
①I’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.
②Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.
③Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.
◆讲练结合
可数名词单数前未加a/an
1.IstillrememberwhenIwaschild,youalwaysheldmeinyourarms.
2.ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendsofmine.
3.TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasveryfamouswriter.
4.Besides,afriendisalwaysgoodlistenerwhenyouneedone.
5.Ifyou’dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbemorethanhappytobeyourguide.
6.MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackinUS.
7....andafterthatIwouldgotoXiamenforholiday.
8.MybrotherandIthoughtwewouldgiveourselvesatreatatrestaurant.
9.InoticedMotherlookingatanearbytableoccupiedbyanelderlywomanandyoungcouple.
名词复数误用成单数形式
1.Ineededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.
2.Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonablepriceandweenjoyedseverallocaldish.
3.Youtoldmethenameofdifferentplantsandtheircharacteristics.
4.We,aswellasanimal,cannotlivewithoutwater.
5.Idestroyedeachofmytoy.
6.Mom,IknowIhaveneverexpressedmythanktoyoubefore.
7.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.
8.Icameacrossacrewmakinganewfilmwithoneofmyfavouriteactor.
9.LiMing’sparentsinvitedmetospendtwowonderfulweekinQingdao.
10.Theytakehimlotsofbookandfreshfruit.
11.TherearetwogirlsherefrommycourseandIplantomakefriendwiththem.
12.AlthoughherEnglishisalittlehardtounderstand,weenjoychattingandweusuallytalkalotaboutourownfamily.
不可数名词误用成复数形式
1.Heagreedtoreadmystoryandgivemesomeadvicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter.
2.Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages.
3.Whilewaitingforourfood,weemptiedalloursmallchangesfromourwalletsonthetableandcounteditout.
4.Tomwashavingmuchtroublesgettingupinthemorningandwasalwayslateforwork.
3.连词错误
连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/or/but/so/for/nor等
(一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether)
①Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.
②Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthemgrowingup.
③Cleverassheis,butsheworksveryhard.
◆讲练结合
从属连词逻辑关系错误
1.IhavebeenmissingyouverymuchafterIwenttocollegeayearago.
2.Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.
3.WheneverIam,Iwillalwaysloveyou.
4.It'sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.
5.Butthenaweekafterthetrip,shesuddenlyannouncedthattheywouldn’ttaketheholiday.
并列连词and/but/or/so/for等逻辑关系颠倒
1.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.
2.Itisinthedowntownareas,butitiseasytogotoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport.
3.Hisbosswantedtofirehimifhedidn’tstartcomingontime,buthewenttothedoctorforahelp.
4.Ididn’thavemycamerawithmeatthat,butIrushedbackhometogetit.
5.LastyearIwasill,buthadtostayinhospitalforaweek.
4.冠词错误
误用或漏用a和an;误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多余的冠词或少冠词)
①Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.
②Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofpants.
④Ihopeyouhavepleasantjourney.
5.形容词和副词错误
1)系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官系动词smell/feel)
2)词性的误用:
形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词。
①I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.
②Mypronunciationwasterribly.
◆讲练结合
形容词和副词用法错位
形容词误作状语;副词误作定语、表语或宾补
1.Unfortunate,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweeks.
2.Welivedinacomfortablydoubleroomwithabigbath.
3.WheneverIthinkoftheolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.
4.Still,yourhappinessmakeshimhappilytoo.
5.LiMingandIlovedwalkingalongthewonderfullybeach.
6.Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere.
7.NangisaspeciallykindofcakeinXinjiang.
8.Itwasawonderfullysurpriseasnothinglikethathadhappenedtous.
9.Shewas,infact,ratherattractively,andsheneverseemedtocarewhattherestofusthoughtabouther.
10.Hehadtimeforaproperlybreakfastandwasstillthefirstreachthefactory.
11.Theyatesilently,anditwasclearlythatthingswerenotgoingwell.
6.代词错误
1)代词的主格和宾格(I/me;He/him;She/her;We/us;They/them)
2)反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)
3)代词的单数和复数
4)多余的代词和少代词
①SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.
②OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.
③Ifanyoneofushadanydifficultyinourlifeandstudy,theotherwouldhelphimout.
④What’smore,youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.
◆讲练结合
主格与宾格混淆
1.Afterourfinalexaminations,mybrotherandmethoughtwewouldgiveourselvesatreatatarestaurant.
2.Threeyearsago,LiMing’sparentsinvitedItospendtwoweeksinQingdao.
3.Isaid,“Thatwasveryniceofyou,Mother.ButIdidn’tthinkshelookedlikeGrandma.”“Neitherdidme.”saidMothercheerfully.
指代前后不一致
1.Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon'thaveenoughwater.
2.IknewthattheywouldbeworriedaboutmyselfbecauseIwassofaraway.
3.Iwashappywhenthetoysworked,butwhenthingswentwrong,Igotangryandbrokeit.
4.NangisaspecialkindofcakeinXinjiang.Ilikethemverymuch.
5.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
6.Thankyouforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidinguswiththewonderfulmeals.
7.Andaftermanyyears,shepassedherdrivingtestandtoldherhusbandthathewasgoingtodrivehimovertoFranceforaholiday.
8.Thedoctorgavehimsomemedicineandtoldhimtotakethembeforehewenttobed.
9.Asshedidthis,lotsofteasplashedonhisTshirt!
10.IwasabouttoanswerhimwhenInoticedthatthelastplateonthetraybegantofall.Theyfellnoisilytothefloor.
7.非谓语动词错误
1)不定式,动名词作主语,宾语。
2)and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时),
3)介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。
4)某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
5)现在分词与过去分词混淆。
①SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwas….
②Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.
③Childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.
④Iparticularlyenjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthechangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.
◆讲练结合
遗漏不定式符号to
1.Mysisterwantedgetoutoftheshop.
2.Sheneverseemedcarewhattherestofusthoughtabouther.
3.Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectinganything.
现在分词与过去分词混淆不清
1.Therefore,ItoldtheminterestedstoriesandhowIwasenjoyingBrazil.
2.Third,weshouldfindwaystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybathwater.
3.IalsosharedwithmyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing.
4.IbecameinterestinginbiologyandchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredintothecollege.
5.Iampleasingtothat.
6.Withabreakingleg,hewaswalkingtoschooltheotherday.
7.MyfriendNicktoldmeastoryabouthisexperienceintheUS,whichwasveryinterested.
8.介词错误
1)词组中的介词误用,2)介词意思理解偏差,3)介词的多用或少用
①Therearetoomanypeopleamongmyfamily.
②IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.
◆讲练结合
介词后误用动词原形
1.Ilookforwardtoseeheragaininthenearfuture.
2.Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossibletogivewithoutexpectanything.
3.Afterhear
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