北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试及参考答案.docx
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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试及参考答案.docx
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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试及参考答案
2011年5月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
PartI ReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna(天线).Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsof alinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.(76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.
Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.
Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.
(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。
”Theywrote.
1. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. Cellphoneuseisdangerous.
B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.
C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.
D. Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.
2. DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.
A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone
B. shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain
C. shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity
D.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation
3.Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______.
A. inthelate1970s B.between1980and1985
B.inthelate1980s D.intheearly1990s
4. Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?
A. Brainactivity.
B. Herresearchfindings.
C. Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.
D. Herresearchprogress.
5. Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHarmful?
B. CellPhoneRadiati0n:
IsItUseful?
C. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHealthy?
D. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItWeak?
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:
We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(及时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.
Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?
Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?
Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.
(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.
Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.
Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过量的)schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking.
Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.
6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?
B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?
C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?
D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?
7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.
A.Lowspeed
B.Toomuchtimealone。
C.highspeed
D.steadyspeed
8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?
A.Overcommittedschedules
B.Toomuchtimealone
C.Inabilitytofocus
D.Fearofbeingneglected
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?
A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.
B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.
C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.
D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment.
10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?
A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.
B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.
C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.
D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil(化石)fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl(切尔诺贝利)beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.
(80)InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”
Chancellor(总理)AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.”
11. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?
A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.
B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.
C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.
D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.
12. Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______.
A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants
B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago
C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants
D.theywantenergyindependence
13.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthormainlydiscusses_______.
A.thenuclearaccid
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