外文翻译温差发电技术的研究进展及现状.docx
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外文翻译温差发电技术的研究进展及现状.docx
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外文翻译温差发电技术的研究进展及现状
Thermoelectricpowergeneration,alsocalledthermoelectricpowergeneration,isakindofgreenenvironmentalprotection.
Thethermoelectricpowergenerationtechnologyhastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,stronganddurable,nomovingparts,nonoise,longservicelife,etc..Canmakereasonableuseofsolarenergy,geothermalenergy,industrialwasteheatandlowgradeenergyintoelectricity.Theresearchofthermoelectricpowergenerationtechnologybeganin1940s.Becauseofitssignificantadvantages,thermoelectricpowergenerationinaviation,militaryandotherfieldshasbeenwidelyused,theUnitedStates,formerSovietUnionhasdevelopedathousandsofradioisotopeornuclearreactortemperaturedifferencegeneratorusedasemptyasked,marineequipmentofpowersupply.Withtheincreasingdepletionoffossilenergy,theUnitedStates,Japan,theEuropeanUnionandotherdevelopedcountriespaymoreattentiontotheresearchofthermoelectricpowergenerationtechnologyinthecivilfield,andhasmadeconsiderableprogress.Researchindomesticthermalpowergeneration,mainlyinelectricaltheoryandthermoelectricmaterialsbyresearch,aimedattemperaturehairappliancesoptimizationandprovidetheoreticalguidanceforthepreparationofthermoelectricmaterialswithexcellentproperties,althoughChinaistheworldlargestsemiconductorthermoelectricdeviceoutputcountry,butinthetemperaturedifferencehairappliancesintegrateddesignandapplicationresearchisstillverylack.Therefore,thestudyofthermoelectricpowergenerationhasaveryrealisticsignificance.
Isintroducedinthispaperprincipleofthermoelectrictechnology,reviewstheresearchprogressandstatusquoofdomesticandforeign,tocommoncommercialthermoelectricmoduleasanexample,thepowergenerationefficiencyofthermoelectricpowergenerationinthepresenceoflow,thermoelectricitycomponentandshortservicelife,reliabilityareanalyzed,andcountermeasuresareputforward.Withtheimprovementoftheperformanceofthermoelectricmaterialsandtheincreaseofthereliabilityofthermoelectriccomponents,theapplicationofthermoelectricpowergenerationhasabroadprospect.
1workingprinciple
Completethetemperaturedifference,sothathightemperaturethermoelectricpowerisbasedonthermoelectricmaterialSeebeckeffectdevelopedapowergenerationtechnology,thePtypeandNtypetwokindofdifferenttypesofthermoelectricmaterials(Ptypeholerichmaterials,Ntypeiselectronrichmaterial)isconnectedtotheformationofaPNjunction,isplacedinahightemperaturestate,andtheotherendisformedatlowtemperature,duetothethermalexcitation,pifthereexistsalocallyconnected)typematerialendhole(electron)concentrationishigherthanthatofthelowtemperatureend,sointhisconcentrationgradientdrivenBu,holesandelectronstothelowtemperaturesidediffusion,resultingintheformationofelectricpotentialthermoelectricmaterialsthroughthelowtemperatureendofthehightemperatureendoftheinputofheatenergydirectlyintoelectricalenergy.APNjunctionalone,electromotiveforcecanbeformedisverysmall,andifsomanyseriesofPNjunctionCome,cangetenoughhighvoltage,becomeathermoelectricpowerplant2domesticandinternationalthermoelectricpowergenerationtechnologyresearchprogress
2.1researchprogressinforeigncountries
SincethediscoveryoftheSeebeckeffectsince1821Seebeck,foreignthethermoelectricgenerationofalargenumberofstudies,in1947,firstthethermoelectricgeneratoravailable,efficiencyisonly1.5%.In1953,Loffeacademicianresearchteamsuccessfullydevelopedtheuseofcoaloillamps,tractorheatasaheatsourceofthermoelectricpowerplant,intheuseofelectricitydifficultareasforsmallpowersupply.Inthesixtiesofthe20thcentury,somematerialswithgoodthermoelectricproperties,theresearchupsurgeofthermoelectricpowergenerationreachedapeak,especiallytheformerSovietUnionandtheUnitedStates,duetothepromotionofnationaldefense,militaryandotherspecialindustry,applicationanddevelopmentofthermoelectricgenerationtechnologyrapidly.Bytheendof1960s,theformerSovietUnionhasmademorethan1000radioactiveisotopethermoelectricgenerator(RTG),whichiswidelyusedinsatellitepowersupply,beaconandnavigationmark,anditsaverageservicelifeismorethan10years.TheUnitedStatesisalsounwillingtolagbehind,anditsdevelopmentofthelongestRTGworkQuestionhasbeenover30years.June1961U.S.SNAP-3Aenergysystemsputintouse,theoutputpowerof2.7W,powergenerationefficiencyof5.1%.TheRTG}outputpower,whichwasusedonthelaunchofJupiterandSaturnin1977,hasreached155W.Inearly1980s,theUnitedStatescompletedthedevelopmentofthe500-1000Wmilitarythermoelectricgenerator,andinthelate80'stoenterthearmyequipment.Withtheenergycrisisandenvironmentalpollution,peoplebegantopayattentiontothevalueofthermoelectricpowergenerationinwasteheatutilization,manycountrieshavedevelopedthermoelectrictechnologyasamediumandlong-termenergydevelopmentplan.Japanlaunchedaseriesofto"solidwastecombustionenergyrecoveryresearchprogram"inthetitleofthegovernmentplanisstudiedforthesolidwasteincinerationfurnacewasteheatpowergenerationtechnology,combiningtheturbinesandthermoelectricgenerator,toachievemaximumutilizationoftheheatofthedifferentscalegarbageincineration.2003NovemberU.S.DepartmentofEnergyannouncedfundedPacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory,MichiganTechnologyUniversityandotherunits,focusingontheirresearchinhighperformancethermoelectricmaterialsandapplicationtechnology,especiallytheuseofindustrialwasteheat.Inrecentyears,theutilizationofthelowgradeheatsourcehasbecomethemaindirectionoftheresearchonthetechnologyofthermalpowergeneration.Maneewan,suchastheuseofsteelplateplacedontheroofofthesolarcollectortoabsorbtheheatandtheenvironmentofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenpowergeneration,todrivetheaxialflowwind})Ltoguidethenaturalconvectionoftheroofair,soastocooltheroof.Ridaandsoon,thethermalsideofthethermoelectricgeneratorisconnectedwiththeouterwallofthecookingstoveinthecountry,andthecoldendisarrangedintheair,andthetemperatureofthefurnacewallandtheenvironmentareusedtogenerateelectricity,andtheoutputpoweris4.2W.HASEBEetal.Thesummerhightemperaturesurfaceastheheatsource,heatexchangetubeforthecollector.By19groupsofthermoelectriccomponents.Intheheatpipeliquidflowrateis0.7L/min,outputpowerof3.6wthacher,fundedbytheU.S.DepartmentofenergyandNewYorkStateEnergyResearchanddevelopmentauthorityinthedevelopmentofvehicleexhaustwasteheatpowergenerationsystem,theuseofthegroupof20hz-20thermoelectricmodule,thermoelectricmaterialsforBitebasedmaterials,vehiclespeedof112km/h,maximumtemperaturedifference174DEGC,maximumoutputpowerof255W,2006,bsstscientistsandBMWjointlyannounced,commercialvehicletemperaturedifferencegeneratorwillbeputintooperationin2013.Douglasandsoonthedynamicchangeoftheheatsource,thedesignofmultimoduleInteractionLoopthermoelectricgenerator,underthesameheatsource,themaximumoutputpowerincreasedby25%.
2.2domesticresearchprogress
Domesticresearchonthermoelectricpowergenerationisrelativelylate,anditismainlyfocusedontheresearchofthetheoryandthepreparationofthermoelectricmaterials.ChenJincanresearchgroupfrom1980sbegantostudythebasictheoryofthermoelectricgenerator,thethermoelectricpropertiesoftheoptimizationandanalysis,getalotofmeaningfulresults[no.QuJianetal.LiYudongetal.Analysisoftheperformanceofthelowtemperaturedifferencegeneratorfromthepointofviewofexergy.JiaLeietal.TheinfluenceofThompsonGeontheoutputpowerofthelowtemperatureandlargetemperaturedifferenceconditionscannotbeignored.JiaYang
Etc.atemperaturethermoelectriccouplinganalysismodel,tothenumericalcalculationmethodanalysisthethermoelectricmaterialparametersandtheirvariationonelectricalcharacteristicsof,drawtheconclusion,materialthermalconductivity,electricalresistivityandSeebeckcoefficientonthegeneratorefficiencyofconversionarenonlinear,whichinfluencecoefficientofthermalconductivityofthemostobvious.DePeng,andanalysisthethermoelectricthermalenvironment,looploadresistanceparametersandthermoelectricmonomersofconnectionwaysofoperatingperformanceoftheelectricappliance,itisconcludedthattoimprovethermoelectricgeneratoratthehotendheatfluxorincreasedcoldendoftheheattransfercoefficientcanincreasetheelectricaloutputpowerandtheefficiencyofthermoelectricconversionofconclusion.SuJingfangstudiedthesystem.
Andtheenvironment,systemandsystemoffluxrelation,propertiesofthesystemtomakeoptimizationbasedthermoelectricgeneratoroptimizationdesignmodel,andusingVB6.0(MicrosoftVisualBasic6.0)languageasadevelopmenttool,ActiveXDataObjectAccessdatabase,thepreparationofthethermoelectricgeneratordesignsoftware.QianWeiqiangthroughstudyontheelectricalpropertiesoflowgradeheatsourceofsmallsemiconductortemperaturedifference,summarizestheelectromotiveforceandinternalresistanceandtransmissionpowerparameterchangeswiththeexternalcircuit,temperature,generatingmodulegeometryfactors.Wealsostudytheseriesandparallelconnectionthermoelectricmoduleperformance.
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