高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案100.docx
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高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案100.docx
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高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案100
高考英语专题复习阅读理解(及答案)100
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.
TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.
Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.
"Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation."SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,"seven-footbedswouldworkfine."
Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.
Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.
(1)WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?
A. Toprovidebetterservices.
B. Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.
C. Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.
D. Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.
(2)WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?
A. 7′2″.
B. 7′
C. 6′6″
D. 6′3″
(3)Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?
A. Theymaylosesomecustomers.
B. Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.
C. Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.
D. Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.
(4)WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?
A. Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.
B. 6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.
C. SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.
D. Guestroomsarestandardized.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP在六个月以前向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.”可知TPCGP是为了让公众注意高个子的一些特殊需求。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第三段中的“SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,‘seven-footbedswouldworkfine.’”Tpcgb总裁PhilHeinricy,说,七英尺的床就够了可知选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段可知,如果饭店使用小的桌子,自然就失去了高个子这样一类群体的顾客。
选A。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.”在高个子游客要求更长的床位后,6′6床位现在被作为标准放置,尤其是美国人,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Citytreesgrowfasteranddieyoungerthantreesinruralforestry,anewstudyfinds.Overtheirlifetimes,then,urbantreeswilllikelyabsorblessCO2fromtheairthanforesttrees.
Asweallknow,theearthwouldbefreezingorburninghotwithoutCO2.However,CO2isagreenhousegas,meaningittrapsenergyfromthesunas/heat.Thatmakestemperaturesnearthegroundrise.Humanactivities,especiallythewidespreadburning-offossil(化石)fuels,havebeensendingextragreenhousegasesintotheair.Thishasledtoariseinaveragetemperaturesacrosstheglobe.
StudieshadshownforestsreadilyabsorbCO2,buttherehadn'tbeenmuchdataonwhethercitytreesgrow,dieandabsorbCO2atthesamerateasforesttreesdo.Sosomeresearchersdecidedtofindout.
Tofigureouthowquicklytreesweregrowing,researcherstrackedtheirdiameters(thewidthoftheirtrunks)between2005and2014.Atree'sdiameterincreasesasitgrows,justasaperson'swaistsizeincreasesastheygainweight.Abouthalftheweightofatreeiscarbon,researchhasshown.Mostoftherestiswater.Overthenineyears'tracking,theresearchersfoundcitytreesabsorbedfourtimesasmuchcarbonfromtheairasforesttrees.However,theyweretwiceaslikelytodie.Sooverthelifetimeofeachtypeoftree,foresttreesactuallyabsorbedmoreCO2.
Citytreesgrewfasterbecausetheyhadlesscompetitionforlightfromtheirneighbors.Inaforest,treestendtogrowclosetogether,shadingtheirneighbors.Streettreesalsobenefitfromhigherlevelsofnitrogen(氮)inrainwater.Nitrogenhelpsplantsgrow.Wastegasesfromgas-burningcarsalsocontainnitrogen,thusenrichingcityairwithnitrogen.Later,rainwatermaywashmuchofittotheground.Somestreettreesmayalsohavebetteraccesstowaterthantreesinthecountrybecausetheundergroundwaterpipescanleak.
(1)WhatcanheknownaboutCO2fromparagraph2?
A. Itisoneofthesideeffectsofgreenhouses.
B. Itgreatlyacceleratestheprocessofglobalwarming.
C. Itresultsfromthewidespreadburningoffossilfuels.
D. Itpreventstheearthfrombecomingunsuitabletoliveon.
(2)Whydidresearcherstrackthediametersoftrees?
A. Toknowabouttheirgrowthrates.
B. Tofindouthowmuchtheyweigh.
C. Tocheckwhethertheywerehealthy.
D. Toassessthecarbonamountsinthem.
(3)Whatadvantagedocitytreeshaveoverforesttrees?
A. Theyaremorelikelytoaccessgrowthpromoters.
B. Theycanenjoymorewatercomingfromtheair.
C. Theycanenjoymoreshadefromneighbors.
D. Theyarebetteratcompetingforlight.
(4)Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutifthepassageiscontinued?
A. Howurbantreescanlivelonger. B. Whycitylivingmakestreesdieyoung.
C. Howtreesrespondtodrysoilconditions. D. Whyfaster-growingtreesabsorbmoreC02.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。
一项新的研究发现:
与长在森林中的树木相比,城市里的树木长得更快,但死得更早。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“theearthwouldbefreezingorburninghotwithoutCO2.”可知,如果没有二氧化碳,地球将会极冷或极热。
可以推断,二氧化碳可以防止地球变得不适合居住。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Tofigureonhowquicklytreesweregrowing,researcherstrackedtheirdiameters.”可知,研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长速度。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Streettreesalsobenefitfromhigherlevelsofnitrogen(氮)inrainwater.Nitrogenhelpsplantsgrow.Wastegasesfromgas-burningcarsalsocontainnitrogen,thusenrichingcityairwithnitrogen.Later,rainwatermaywashmuchofittotheground.”可知,与生长在森林中的树木相比,城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与邻近的树木争夺光照,也能得到更多的氮量,还更容易得到水。
光、氮和水都可以促进树木的生长。
由此可以推断,城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
首句就提到了一项新的研究结果:
城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快,但死得更早;文章第三段说到“以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳,但是城市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样,这方面的数据不多。
因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”;文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现:
城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快,但死得更早;文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中的树木生长得更快的几个原因。
由此可以推断,文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木死得更早的原因。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Dreamingofsummerpicnicsfilledwithfamilyandfun?
We'vecomeupwith4ofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.
CumberlandIslands,Georgia
JustafewhourssouthofSavannah,thisnationalseashoreisawonderfulpicnicplace.It'sanunspoiledplaceintheDeepSouthwithover50milesofhikingtrails(小径).CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarslineupforagrandshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.
GrantPark,Chicago
IfyouarelookingfordeliciousfoodinChicago,goforatasteofa20-day,lake-front,foodiefestivalthathappensinOctobereachyear.Grabaspotnearthefountaintoenjoyyourpicnic,appreciatethecitysceneryandlakeviewsandrelaxwithfamilyandfriends.IfyouarethereonJuly4th,besuretoplanthedaytoincludethefireworksdisplayattheNavyPier.
CranberryIslands,Maine
Here,you'llenjoynaturalpicnicswithislandviews.Theislandsareadelightfulgroupofislandsabout20minutesoffshorefromAcadiaNationalPark.Youcanvisittheislandsbyprivateboatorferryservice.Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit'saromanticpicnicareatotakeyourspecialsomeoneorgoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.
BigSur,California
ThePointLobosStateReserveisasmallgem.Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantcommunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It'sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Werecommendbringingatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.
(1)WhydoesthewriteradviseustogotoCumberlandIslands?
A. BecausetheyarejustnexttoSavannah.
B. Becausetheyhaveagrandshoweverynight.
C. BecausetheyarealmostcoveredinSpanishmoss.
D. Becausetheykeeptheiroriginalecology(生态).
(2)Wherecanyouenjoyobservingwildlifewithatelescope?
A. AttheNavyPier.
B. AtthePointLobosStateReserve.
C. AtAcadiaNationalPark.
D. IntheDeepSouth.
(3)Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?
A. Inapersonaldairy. B. Inasciencereport.
C. Inageographytextbook.
D. Inatravelmagazine.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个最佳野餐地点。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarslineupforagrandshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.”小路上爬满了西班牙苔藓,两旁种满了树。
由于这里仍然是一个乡村地区,所以星星们会在晚上排起队来参加盛大的表演,这是在夜晚星光照耀下野餐的绝佳机会。
可知作者建议我们去坎伯兰群岛,因为那里保持着原生态。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Besidesthecoast
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