水工建筑物 课设.docx
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水工建筑物 课设.docx
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水工建筑物课设
CurriculumDesignreportofPing-ShanHydraulicProject
College:
Waterresourcesandhydropower
Class:
StudentNo.:
Name:
June9,2014toJune22,2014
Contents
CurriculumDesignreportofPing-ShanHydraulicProject2
I.Comprehensivedescription2
1.1Engineeringinformation2
1.2Comprehensivebenefits2
1.3Basicdesignparameters2
II.Hydrologiccharacteristicsatthedamsite3
III.Topologicalandgeologicalconditions3
3.1Topological,geologicalandhydrologicalconditions3
3.2Damcontracturematerials4
3.2Materialstrengths5
IV.Determinationofhydraulicprojectandprojectlayout5
4.1Componentsofhydraulicproject5
4.2Rankofhydraulicprojectandgradeofhydraulicstructure,criteriaofdesignedflood.6
4.3Selectionofhydraulicstructuretypes8
4.4Comparisonanddeterminationofhydraulicprojectassignment11
V.thedesignprocedureofembankmentdam11
5.1Selectionofdamtype11
5.2Primaryselectionofdamsectionsize14
5.3Assignmentofdamdrainagesystem19
5.4Seepageanalysisofearthdam21
5.5Stabilityanalysisofearthdam(onlychooseaslidingsurfaceinthedownstream)25
5.6foundationtreatmentofembankmentdams29
VI.Designofspillway30
6.1Selectionofspillwaylocation30
6.2Selectionofspillwayroute31
6.4Designofdischargechannel33
6.5Designofenergydissipationstructure39
VII.Designresults43
7.1Onecalculationmanualofdesign43
7.2Twodesigndrawings:
43
CurriculumDesignreportofPing-ShanHydraulicProject
I.Comprehensivedescription
1.1Engineeringinformation
ThePing-ShanprojectislocatedinthemiddlereachofPing-ShanRiverinHubeiProvince.ThePing-ShanRiverisamaintributaryofMushuiRiver,whichisatributaryofYangtzeRiver.ThePing-ShanRiverhas28kmlongwiththeriver-bedslopeof0.3%,andithasawatershedareaof556km2.Therearesmallriverplainsalongtheriver.Thelowestelevationoftheseplainsis62.5m.Thecontrolareaofthisprojectis491km2.
1.2Comprehensivebenefits
ThePing-Shanprojectgivesprioritytopowergenerationandirrigation.Furthermore,italsobenefitsfloodcontrol,navigation,aquaticproductbreeding,watersupply,etc.
1.3Basicdesignparameters
(1)Normalwaterlevel:
113.0m
(2)Designfloodlevel:
113.1m(100-yearflood)
(3)Checkfloodlevel:
113.5m(1000-yearflood)
(4)Deadwaterlevel:
105.0m(Thelimitworkingdepthforpowergenerationis8m)
(5)Thelowestwaterlevelforirrigation:
104.0m
(6)Totalcapacityofreservoir:
0.2billionm3
(7)Availablestorage:
0.115billionm3
(8)Dependabledischargeforpowerregulation:
Qp=7.35m3/sandtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevel:
63.20m
(9)Maximumdiversiondischargeforpowergeneration:
Q=28m3/sandtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevel:
68.65m
(10)Designdischargeofspillway:
Q1%=840m3/sandtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevel:
72.65m
(11)Checkdischargeofspillway:
Q0.1%=1340m3/sandtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevel:
74.30m
(12)Reservoirsedimentationelevation:
85.0m
II.Hydrologiccharacteristicsatthedamsite
Table2.1hydrologicalcharacteristicsatdamsite
PeakdischargeQ0.05%:
1860m3/s
PeakdischargeQ0.5%:
1550m3/s
PeakdischargeQ1%:
1380m3/s
Meanannualdischarge:
13.3m3/s
Meanannualrunoff:
4.22×109m3
Meanannualmaximumwindspeed:
10m/s
Fetchinthereservoir:
8km
Meanannualrainfalldays:
48days/year
Thereservoirhasamoderateclimate.
III.Topologicalandgeologicalconditions
3.1Topological,geologicalandhydrologicalconditions
InthePing-Shanbasin,hillsandmountainsarepopular.Thebankslopesonbothsidesoftheriveraresteep(about60~70°)withthedifferenceofelevationupto80~120m(Theriverbedelevationisabout400m).Slopedepositlayersaredevelopedgreatlyintheriverbanksandshoals.Atthedamsite,therivervalleyissaddle-shaped,andthebendingriverlookslikeasigmoid.Thedamsiteiscoveredbyarelativelythickoverburdenlayer,underwhichtherockshavedisorderlyattitudes.
OntheupstreamsideofthedamsitehasDevoniansystemWuTonggroupsandstonedistributed,andonthedownstreamsideisPermianlimestone.Thedamaxisislocatedontheformerside.
Accordingtogeologicalinvestigation,thereisalargefaultofroughlyEWstrikeandNEdipatthejunctionofthesandstoneandthelimestonementionedabove.Thesandstoneattheleftbankoftheriveralongthedamaxisisratherbrokenandhasdisorderlyattitudes.Actually,thebrokenrocksdistributeonbothsidesoftheriver,andintherocksthefracturesaredevelopedgreatly.However,thepermeabilitycoefficientofthefracturedrocksisquitesmall,about0.001~0.010L/min.Theoverburdenlayeralongthedamaxisis1.5~5.0mdeep,withthematerialpropertiesofthepermeabilitycoefficientk=1×10-4m/s,thesubmergedunitweight
=10.0kN/m3andtheinternalcoefficientangleφ=35o.
ThetrafficconditionofthePing-Shanprojectisconvenient,includingship,roadandrailway.ThedamsitehasthebasicseismicintensityofⅤorⅥ,buttheseismicactioncanbeignoredhere.
3.2Damcontracturematerials
Earthmaterialsareabundantat1.5~3.5kmdownstreamofthedamaxis,andthequalitycanmeettherequirementsofconstruction.Sandscanbedruggedfromrivershoalsattheregionof1.0~3.0kmupstreamanddownstreamofthedamaxis.Rockmaterialscanbeexcavatedfromvalleysatleftbankdownstream.Thematerialpropertiesandparametersarelistedinthefollowingtable.
Table3.1damconcretematerials
Classifications
Dryunitweight
(kN/m3)
Optimumwatercontent(%)
Porosity
(%)
Internalfrictionangleφ
Cohesion(kN/m2)
Permeabilitycoefficient
(cm/s)
Loam
15.8
15
42
24°(dry)
12
110-5
20°(wet)
Clay
15.4
25
40
20°(dry)
37
110-6
18°(wet)
Hill-skillsoil
16.0
23
39
33°(dry)
10(dry)
110-3
22°(wet)
7.5(wet)
Overburdenlayer
16.0
35°
0
110-4
Sand
16.0
40
30°
0
110-3
Filledrock
18.0
33
38°
0
3.2Materialstrengths
Table3.2dammaterialstrengths
Compressivestrengthofbedrock:
s
2MPa
Frictioncoefficientbetweenconcreteandbedrock:
f=0.58
Internalfrictioncoefficientofbedrock:
f=0.7
Cohesionofbedrock:
c=0.5MPa
Unitweightofbedrock:
γ=26kN/m3
IV.Determinationofhydraulicprojectandprojectlayout
4.1Componentsofhydraulicproject
Accordingtotherequirementofhydraulicproject,thecomponentsofhydraulicprojectareconsistofretainingdams,hydropowerstationstructures,releasingstructures,diversionstructures,emptyingtunnels(thediversiontunnelcouldbeusedasanemptyingtunnelafterconstruction),etc.
4.2Rankofhydraulicprojectandgradeofhydraulicstructure,criteriaofdesignedflood.
Byreferringthematerialsgivenandlookinguptothe《StandardofRankofHydraulicStructureandDesignonHydroengineering》(SL252-2000),andthendeterminetherankofhydraulicprojectandgradeofhydraulicstructure.
Table4.1therankcriteriaofhydraulicproject
Projectrank
Projectscale
Reservoirstoragecapacity
(
Floodcontrol,protectfield(
Generateelectricitycapacity(
kW)
Large
(1)
Large
(2)
10~1.0
500~100
120~30
medium
1.0~0.10
100~300
30~5
Small
(1)
0.10~0.01
30~5
5~1
Small
(2)
0.01~0.001
1)Eachbenefitindex
Thetotalinstalledcapacityis9MWwiththreegeneratingunits,whichislessthan10MW,soitbelongstorankVproject.Besides,thetotalcapacityofreservoir:
0.2billion
whichisbetween0.1~10billion,henceitbelongstorank
project.
2)Rankofhydraulicproject
Accordingtothecode,forthehydraulicprojectowningthecomprehensiveutilizationbenefits,whenitcomestothedifferentranksofvariousbenefitindexes,thefinalrankshouldbedeterminedbythehighestone.Asaconsequence,therankofthehydraulicprojectis
project.
3)Gradeofhydraulicstructure
Table4.2gradeofpermanentstructuredivision
Rankofproject
Vitalstructure
Secondarystructure
1
3
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
Accordingtothegradedivisioncodeofhydraulicstructure,themainstructureofthe
projectisgrade2hydraulicstructure,whichissatisfiedinretainingdams,hydropowerstationstructures,releasingstructures,diversionstructures,irrigationpipes,emptyingtunnels.Thesecondarystructureraftisgrade3hydraulicstructure.
4)Designedflood
Themainpurposeofthedeterminationofhydraulicprojectstructureistogetthedesignandcheckfloodcriteria,andthenobtainthedesignandcheckfloodlevel.
Table4.3floodcriteriaofpermanenthydraulicstructureatmountainoushillyregion
project
Thegradeofhydraulicstructure
1
2
3
4
5
Design(m³/s)
1000~500
500~100
100~50
50~30
30~20
Embankmentdam(m³/s)
PMFor
10000~5000
5000~2000
2000~1000
1000~300
300~200
Others(m³/s)
5000~2000
2000~1000
1000~500
500~200
200~100
Designfloodwaterlevel113.1m(recurrencetimeis100years),
=840m³/s,andtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevelis72.65m.
Checkfloodwaterlevel113.5m(recurrencetimeis1000years),
=1340m³/s,andtherelevantdownstreamwaterlevelis74.30m.
4.3Selectionofhydraulicstructuretypes
1)selectionofthedamaxis
Thechoiceofthedamaxisshouldcomprehensivelyconsiderthetopographyandgeologicalconditions.Fortheearthdam,itwouldbebettertolocatedatthedownstreamofthemeanderingriverchannel,wherethereisnicegeologicalcondition,andithasasuitabledistancefromthematerialfield.
Theglancingplanlayoutofthedamaxisisasfollows:
Figure4.1glancingplanofdamaxis
2)selectionofhydraulicstructuretypes
retainingstructure
Therearethreetypesofdamconstructedonthedambase:
gravitydam,
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