外科专业英语.docx

外科专业英语.docx

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外科专业英语

酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱

acid-basebalanee酸碱平衡

acid-basedisorders酸碱失衡

acute/chronicacidosis急性/慢性酸中毒acidemia酸血症

acute/chronicalkalosis急性/慢性碱中毒alkalemia碱血症

simpleacid-basedisorder单纯性酸碱失衡mixedacid-basedisorder混合性酸碱失衡

posthypercapnicmetabolicalkalosis高碳酸血症后碱中毒diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒uremia尿毒症lacticacidosis乳酸酸中毒

saline-responsivealkalosis盐水反应性碱中毒

saline-resistantalkalosis盐水抵抗性碱中毒

isotonicdehydration等渗性缺水hypotonicdehydration低渗性缺水

hypertonicdehydration高渗性缺水edema水肿

acutelymphadenitis急性淋巴结furunculosis疖病carbuncle痈

abscess脓肿acuteulcer急性溃疡chroniculcer慢性溃疡

felon脓性指头炎

fistulacannulas瘘管sinustract窦道外科营养肠外营养parenteralnutrition或intravenousnutrition

肠内营养enteralnutrition代谢性并发症metaboliccomplications

胆汁淤积cholestasis基础能量消耗basalenergyexpenditureBEE

外科手术

手术刀scalpel

刀片blade

刀柄hilt

手术剪surgicalscissors

组织钳tissueforcepsorallisforceps

持针器needleholder

缝合针sutureneedle

拉钩

retractor

巾钳towelclip

环钳

ringforceps

不可吸收缝线nonabsorbablesuture

丝线

silksuture

切开incision

剥离

dissection

止血hemostasis

结扎

ligation

缝合suture

剪线

cuttingsuture

拆线removingsuture

引流

drainage

骨科

arthro-关节

articulo-关节

cranio-颅

osteo-骨

burso-囊

chondro-软骨

costo-肋骨

myelo-骨髓

spondylo-椎骨

thoraco-胸的

vertebra摊骨

fascio-筋膜

teno/tendo/tendino肌

-kinesia运

-porosis多孑L

-trophy发育

-malacia软化

1、中轴骨AXIALBONES

bonen.骨

ribn.肋

vertebraen.椎骨

cervicalvertebrae颈椎

thoracicvertebrae胸椎

lumbarvertebrae腰椎

sternumn.胸骨

sacrumn骶骨

coccyx尾骨

sternalmanubrium胸骨柄xiphoidprocess佥“突

atlasn.寰椎

axis

n.枢椎

sternalangle胸骨角

thoraciccage胸廓

2、颅SKULL

skulln.

parietalbone顶骨

frontalbone额骨

occipitalbone枕骨

emporalbone颞骨

sphenoidbone蝶骨

ethmoidbone筛骨mandiblen.下颌

骨hyoidbone舌骨

vomern.犁骨

maxillan.上颌骨

palatinebone腭骨

nasalbone鼻骨

lacrimalbone泪骨

zygomaticbone颧骨

inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲

orbitn.眶

coronalsuture冠状缝

sagitalsuture矢状缝

lambdoidsuture人字缝

cranialfontanelle颅囟

2、附肢骨TARSALBONESANDEXTREMITALBONES

claviclen.锁骨radiusn桡骨metacarpalbone掌骨hipbone髋骨pubisn.耻骨tibian.胫骨

ulnan尺骨carpalbone腕骨

phalangesn.指骨，趾骨

ilium

n.髂骨

femur

n.股骨

fibula

n.腓骨

scapulan.肩胛humerusn.肱骨

ischiumn.坐骨

patellan.髌骨

tarsalbone跗骨

metatarsalbone跖骨

4、关节韧带

temporal-mandibularjoint颞下颌关节

articulationn.关节ligamentn.韧带

intervertebraldisc椎间盘shoulderjoint肩关节

elbowjoint肘关节radiocarpaljoint桡腕关节

pelvisn.骨盆hipjoint髋关节kneejoint膝关节

anklejoint踝关节arthrographyn.关节造影

compactan骨密度epiphysisn.骨骺ossificationn.骨化

synovialjoints滑膜关节fibrous纤维连结

syndesmosis韧带连结cartilaginousjoints软骨连结

articulardisk关节盘

articularlabrum关节唇

articularsurface（cavity）关节面（腔）suture缝

articularcapsule关节囊extracapsularligament囊外韧带

intracapsularligament囊内韧带yellowligament黄韧带

fibrouslayer（membrane纤维层，纤维膜synoviallayer（membrane）滑膜层，滑膜

ynovialfold（villi）滑膜襞synovialfluid滑液

circumduction环转运动vertebraljoints椎骨连结

ionterspinousligament棘间韧带

intertransverseligament横突间韧带

Intervertebralsymphysis椎间联合

interverbraldiscs椎间盘

Fibrousrings纤维环Pulpiformnucleus髓核—

AnteriorIongitudinal前纵韧带

PosteriorIongitudinal后纵韧带

Zygapophysialjoint关节突关节

Lumbosacraljoint腰骶连结Costovertebraljoints肋椎关节

Jointofcostalhead肋头关节Lambdoidsuture人字缝

Costotransversejoint肋横突关节Cranialsuture颅缝

Sternocostaljoints胸肋关节Coronal（sagittal）suture冠矢状缝

Synchondrosesofcranium颅结合

Temporomandibularjoint颞下颌关节

jointsofshouldergirdle上肢带连结

coracoacromialligament喙间韧带

Coracoclavicularligament喙锁韧带

Acromioclavicularjoint肩锁关节Elbowjoint肘关节

Sternoclavicularjoint'胸锁关节Shoulderjoint肩关节

Humeroulnarjoint肱尺关节Jointsofhand手关节

Humeroradialjoint肱桡关节

Radiocarpaljoint.wristjoint桡腕关节，腕关节

Intercarpaljoints腕骨间关节Carpometacarpaljoints腕掌关节

Carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌关节

Intermetacarpaljoints掌骨间关节

Metacarpophalangealjoints掌指关节

Interphalangealjointsofhand指骨间关节

Jointsofpelvicgirdle下肢带连结

Pubicsymphysis耻骨联合Interpubicdisc耻骨间盘

Obturatormembrane闭孑L膜Sacroiliacjoints骶髂关节

Pelvis骨盆Sacrotuberousligament骶结节韧带

Greater（lesser）sciaticforamer坐骨大（小）孑

Terminalline界线Greater（lesser）pelvis大小骨盆

Superior（posterior）pelvicaperture骨盆上下口

Pubicarch耻骨弓Subpubicangle耻骨下角

Pelviccavity骨盆腔Jointsoffreelowerlimb自由下肢连结

Hipjoint髓关节Kneejoint膝关节

Transverseacetabularlig髋臼横韧带

Ligamentofheadoffemur股骨头韧带

Medial（lateral）meniscus内外侧半月板

Transverseligamentofknee膝横韧带

Anteriorcruciateligament前交叉韧带

Posteriorcruciateligament后交叉韧带

Fibular（tibial）collateralligament腓（胫）侧畐H韧带

Ligamentofpatella髌韧带Tibiofibularjoint胫腓关节

Tibiofibularsyndesmosis胫腓连结

Cruralinterosseousmembranel、腿骨间膜

Jointsoffoot足关节anklejoint,踝关节

talocruraljoint,距小腿关节intertarsaljoints跗骨间关节

subtalarjoint,talocalcanealjoint距下关节距跟关节transversetarsaljoint跗横关节talocalcaneonavicularjoint距跟舟关节tarsometatarsaljoint跗跖关节transversearch横弓

intermetatarsaljoints跖骨间关节metatarsophalangealjoin跖趾关节interphalangealjointsoffoot跖骨间关节archoffoot,tarsometatarsalarch足弓，跗跖弓medial（lateral）Iongitudinalarch内（外）侧纵弓其他

Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Chondromalacia软骨软化症

DegeneratedJointDiseas变性关节炎Bonegraft骨移植

ClavicleFracture锁骨骨折PelvicFracture骨盆骨折PlasticParisCast整形硬石膏Amputation截肢

MatastaticLesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症

ProsthesisReplacement人工弥补置换术腹部脏器

Stomach胃Liver肝Smallintestine小肠

Colon结肠（ascendingtransversedescendingsigmoid）

Pancreas胰Spleen

Gallbladder胆囊Kidney

Cecum盲肠

vermiformappendix阑尾

脾Bileduct胆管

肾Rectum直肠

largeintestine大肠

analcanal肛管

Ileum回肠

Duodenum十二指肠Jejunum空肠

Urinalysis尿分析

辅助检查

Abdominocentesis腹腔穿刺

Abdominalultrasonography腹部超声检查

Bariumenema钡灌肠Bariumswallow钡餐

Liverbiopsy肝活检Stoolculture粪检

Retrogradepyelogram逆行肾盂造影

Endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography经内镜逆行性胆胰管

Bloodureanitrogen血尿素氮

Urinecultureandsensitivity尿培养和敏感试验

Urinalysis尿分析

内镜

Gastroscopy胃窥镜Enteroscopy小肠内镜

Colonoscopy结肠内镜Cystoscopy膀胱镜

ureteroscope输尿管镜

术式

Highlyselectivevagotomy高选择性迷走神经切断术

Gastrojejunostomy胃空肠吻合术

Laparotomy开腹

Appendectomy阑尾切除术

Colectomy结肠切除术

Colostomy结肠造瘘

Truncalvagotomy迷走神经切断术Enterectomy肠切除术Choledochectomy胆总管切除术Cholecystectomy胆囊切除术

Subtotalgastrectomy胃大部切除术

Pancreatoduodenectomy胰十二指肠切除术

Right/lefthemicolectomy右/左半结肠切除术

Abdominoperinealresection腹会阴联合直肠癌切除术

Lowanteriorresection直肠低位前切除术

Hepatectomy肝切除术Nephrectomy肾切除术

Nephronsparingsurgery保留肾单位手术

Ureteroneocystostomy膀胱输尿管吻合术

orchiectomy;testectomy睾丸切除术ureterectomy输尿管切除术

cystectomy膀胱切除术

cysto-urethralanastomosis膀胱输尿管吻合术

partialorradicalnephrectomy局部/根治性肾切除术

PCNL:

percutaneousnephrostolithotomy经皮肾取石术

ESWL:

extracorporealshockwavelithotripsy体外冲击波碎石术

Surgicalexploration手术探查

心胸外

valveprosthesis人工瓣膜bicuspid二尖瓣tricuspidvalve三尖瓣

pulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣aorticvalve主动脉瓣ventricle心室

atriumpl.atrial心房interatrial心房间的atrioventricular房室的

intrventricular心室间的atrialseptum房间隔

ventricuarseptum室间隔angiography血管造影

aortography主动脉造影

pneumotharax；aerothorax气胸tensionpneumotharax张力性气胸pleuraleffussion胸腔积液hydrothorax胸腔积液

puncture穿刺thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺术drainage弓I流

closedthoracicdrainage闭式胸腔引流mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄rheumaticvalvedisease风湿性瓣膜病aorticstenosis动脉硬化

valvuloplasty瓣膜成形术

mitralregurgitation二尖瓣反流

aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄arteriosclerosis动脉粥样硬化hemorrhage出血angi/o血管vas/o血管

arter/oarteri/o动脉phleb/o静脉ven/o静脉

arteriole微动脉

aorticregurgitation主动脉反流

intravenous静脉内的hematuria血尿vascul/o血管aort/o主动脉

ather/o动脉thromb/o血栓venule微静脉

ischemia缺血

angiostenosis血官狭窄

venacava腔静脉

神外

大脑：

cerebrum

脑桥：

brainstem

脑桥：

pons

小脑：

cerebellum

沟：

sulci

横裂：

transversfissue

顶叶：

Parietallobe枕叶：

Occipitallobe蛛网膜：

ArachnoidmatterOlfactoryN嗅神经

Oculomotor动眼神经

Trigeminal三叉神经

Facial面神经

Glossopharyngeal舌咽神经Accessory畐U神经

Spinalnerve脊神经anteriorroot前根spinalganglion脊神经节8对颈神经cervicalnerves

间脑：

diencephalon

中脑：

midbrain

延髓：

medullaoblongata回:

convolutiongyri

胼胝体：

corpuscallosum

额叶：

Frontallobe

颞叶：

Temporallobe

蛛网膜下腔：

Subarachnoidspace

Optic视神经

Trochlear滑车神经

Abducens外展神经

Vestibulocochlear前庭蜗神经Vagus迷走神经

Hypoglossal舌下神经

posteriorroot后根

12对胸神经thoracicnerves

5对腰神经lumbarnerves5对骶神经sacralnerves

1对尾神经coccygealnerves

神经丛：

颈丛cervicalplexus臂丛brachialplexus

胸神经前支anteriorbranchofthethoracicnerve

腰丛lumbarplexus骶丛sacralplexus

段落翻译----乳腺

mastitis孚L腺炎retromammaryabscess孚L房后脓肿

breastsarcoma孚L房肉瘤breastcancer孚L腺癌

inflammatorybreastcarcinoma炎性孚L腺炎

radicalmastectomy乳腺癌根治术

extensiveradicalmastectomy乳腺癌扩大根治术

modifiedradicalmastectomy孚L腺癌改良根治术

totalmastectomy全乳房切除术

lumpectomyandaxillarydissection保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术

胃肠疾病（课件）、骨折（课件）、甲状腺（那一本）还是看课件吧

gastro-duodenaldisease胃十二指肠疾病

pepticulcer消化性溃疡

intestinalobstruction肠梗阻

volvulus肠扭转

ColorectalCancer结肠直肠癌

analfissure肛裂

Fistula瘘，瘘管

Hemorrhoid痔疮

anorectalabscess肛门直肠脓肿