综合教程第二版4Unit4.docx
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综合教程第二版4Unit4.docx
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综合教程第二版4Unit4
综合教程第二版4-Unit4
UNIT4AVIEWOF__NS
SectionOnePre-readingActivities....................................................................................................2
I.Audiovisualsupplement.........................................................................................................2
II.CulturalBackground..............................................................................................................2
SectionTwoGlobalReading..............................................................................................................4
I.Generalanalysisofthetext....................................................................................................4
II.Structuralanalysisofthetext................................................................................................4
III.Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetext.............................................................................................4
SectionThreeDetailedReading........................................................................................................6
I.Questions...............................................................................................................................7
II.WordsandExpressions.........................................................................................................8
III.Sentences...........................................................................................................................11
SectionFourConsolidationActivities..............................................................................................13
I.Vocabulary............................................................................................................................13
II.Grammar.............................................................................................................................15
III.Translation..........................................................................................................................17
IV.ExercisesforIntegratedSkills.............................................................................................19
V.OralActivities......................................................................................................................20
VI.Writing...............................................................................................................................20
SectionFiveFurtherEnhancement.................................................................................................23
I.TextII....................................................................................................................................23
II.Memorablequotes..............................................................................................................27
SectionOnePre-readingActivities
I.Audiovisualsupplement
FromOnNativeSoil
Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.
Questionsfordiscussion
1.WhydidSallyRegenhardsaythat9/11was“ashatteringoffaith”?
Answer:
Shebelievedinthesystem,andnowthatthesystemwasshatteredbytheterroristactivity,soshethoughttheeventisfaith-shattering.
2.WhydidCarolAshleythinkthattheremustbeaninvestigation?
Answer:
3000peoplewerekilled.Andthesurvivingfamilymembershadveryrighttoknowthetruthaboutthe9/11.Sothereneededtobeaninvestigation.
3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe9/11attacksandwhatinfluenceshavetheeventsexert?
(Open)
Script:
Policeman:
Moveback!
Moveback!
Policeman:
Moveit!
Goback!
EuniceHanson:
Iknewwehadenemies,naturally,butIalwaysfeltprettysafehere.Inever,never,
inamillionyearsdreamedthatanythinglikethiscouldhappentous.
SallyRegenhard:
Webelievedinthesystemandyouknow,9/11wasashatteringoffaith.
CarolAshley:
3000peoplewerekilled.Itwasamassmurder.Andthereneededtobean
investigation.
MaxCleland:
Thesurvivingfamilymembers,nobodycandenythattheyhadtheultimateclaimto
thetruthabout9/11.
II.CulturalBackground
1.AtomicBomb
AtomicbomborA-bombisaweaponderivingitsexplosiveforcefromthereleaseofatomicenergythroughthefission(splitting)ofheavynuclei.
ThefirstatomicbombwasproducedatalaboratoryinLosAlamos,NewMexico,andsuccessfullytestedonJuly16,1945.ThiswastheculminationofalargeU.S.armyprogramthatwaspartoftheManhattanProject.Itbeganin1940,twoyearsaftertheGermanscientistsOttoHahnandFritzStrassmandiscoverednuclearfission.
OnAug.6,1945,anatomicbombwasdroppedonHiroshimawithanestimatedequivalentexplosiveforceof12,500tonsofTNT,followedthreedayslaterbyasecond,morepowerful,bombonNagasaki.Bothbombscausedwidespreaddeath,injury,anddestruction,andthereisstillconsiderabledebateabouttheneedtohaveusedthem.
2.NuclearWeapon
Nuclearweaponsareweaponsofmassdestructionpoweredbyatomic,ratherthanchemical,processes.Nuclearweaponsproducelargeexplosionsandhazardousradioactivebyproductsby
meansofeithernuclearfissionornuclearfusion.AfterWorldWarII,theproliferationofnuclearweaponsbecameanincreasingcauseofconcernthroughouttheworld.Attheendofthe20thcenturythevastmajorityofsuchweaponswereheldbytheUnitedStatesandtheformerSovietUnion;othercountriesthatpossessknownnuclearcapabilitiesaretheGreatBritain,France,China,Pakistan,andIndia.Israelalsohasnuclearweaponsbuthasnotconfirmedthatfactpublicly;NorthKoreahasconductedanucleartestexplosionbutprobablydoesnothaveareadilydeliverablenuclearweapon;andSouthAfricaformerlyhadasmallarsenal.Overadozenothercountriescan,orsooncould,makenuclearweapons.
3.TheBombingofHiroshimaandNagasaki
OnAugust6,1945,thefirstatomicbombattackoccurredoverHiroshima,Japan.Threedayslater,onAugust9,Nagasaki,Japanwasbombed.ThebombingofNagasakiwasthelastmajoractofWorldWarIIandwithindays,onAugust15,1945,theJapanesesurrendered.
Inestimatingthedeathtollfromtheattacks,thereareseveralfactorsthatmakeitdifficulttoarriveatreliablefigures:
inadequaciesintherecordsgiventheconfusionofthetimes,themanyvictimswhodiedmonthsoryearsafterthebombingasaresultofradiationexposure,andnotleast,thepressuretoeitherexaggerateorminimizethenumbers,dependinguponpoliticalagenda.Thatsaid,itisestimatedthatbyDecember1945,asmanyas140,000haddiedinHiroshimabythebombanditsassociatedeffects.InNagasaki,roughly74,000peoplediedofthebombanditsaftereffects.
Inbothcities,mostofthecasualtieswerecivilians.TheintentionalkillingofciviliansbytheAlliesofWorldWarII-whoclaimedthattheircausewasjust―raisedmoralquestionsaboutthejustcourseofthewar.
SectionTwoGlobalReading
I.Generalanalysisofthetext
ThroughintroducingYamahata’spictures,theauthoraimsatbringingtopeople’sattentionwhatkindofcatastrophicconsequencesnuclearthreatmayleadtoandthattheunpredictabilityofnuclearattackmightmakeanycityintheworldbecomethenexttarget.Therefore,theonlywaytokeepthisworldsafefromnuclearperilisforpeopletotakeactiontodispelnuclearweaponryfromtheearth.
II.Structuralanalysisofthetext
ThisargumentativeessaydescribesnucleardestructionthroughaJapanesephotographer’spictures.Thetextcomprisesthreeparts.
PartI(Paragraph1):
thewriterdescribesthephotographsandhowaviewofmountainsinthebackgroundofonepicturepowerfullycaptureshowthoroughlythecitywasdestroyedbytheatomicbomb.
PartII(Paragraphs2C3):
theauthorarguesthatthebombingofNagasakiismorerepresentativeofthenuclearperilthreateningtheworldthanthatofHiroshima,becauseitsuggeststhatnuclearweaponscanbeusedagainandthreateneveryone,soweneedtotakeactiontodispelthenuclearthreatfromtheEarth.
PartIII(Paragraph4):
herestateshismainidea,i.e.weshouldnotjustworryaboutthenuclearperilbuttakeactiontoeliminateittocreateasaferworld.
III.Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetext
InEnglish,informationcanbeorganizedinvariousways.Oneoftheeffectivewaysofemphasizingsomeinformationistoputitafterthewordbutinthe“(not)AbutB”structure.Inthetext,theauthorusesthisrhetoricaldevicemanytimes.Forinstance,
Thephotographsdisplaythefateofasinglecity,buttheirmeaningisuniversal...(Paragraph2)
Practice:
Pickoutsomeothersentenceswiththesamestructureandanalyzetheeffecttheyachieve.
1)Thetruemeasureoftheeventliesnotinwhatremainsbutinallthathasdisappeared.(Paragraph1)
2)。
thechallengeisnotjusttoapprehendthenuclearperilbuttoseizeaGod-givenopportunitytodispelitonceandforall.(Paragraph3)
3)。
oneshowingnotwhatwewouldlosethroughourfailurebutwhatwewouldgainbyoursuccess.(Paragraph3)
Apartfromthe“AbutB”sentencestructure,wecanalsofindthe“AyetB”type:
4)NagasakihasalwaysbeenintheshadowofHiroshima...YetthebombingofNagasakiisincertainrespectsthefittersymbolofthenucleardangerthatstillhangsoverus.(Paragraph2)
5)Yamahata’spicturesaffordaglimpseoftheendoftheworld.Yetinourday,...(Paragraph3)
Andwecanfindasentencethatorganizesinformationinasimilarwaywithouttheuseoftheconjunctionbutoryet:
6)Arrivingahalf-centurycenturylate,theyarestillnews.(Paragraph2)
SectionThreeDetailedReading
A
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- 综合 教程 第二 Unit4
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