完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2.docx
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完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2.docx
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完整word版MP重点归纳特殊标记出来的2
MP1
1.Pleasedeterminetrueorfalseaboutthefollowingstatements:
a.Inorganicandorganicmaterialsareallbelongtometal-typematerial(F)
b.Allcarbonbasedmaterialsareorganicmaterials.(F)
c.Materialscienceincludesmaterialchemistryandmaterialphysics(T)
d.Insomesense,materialengineeringcanbetreatedasmaterialprocessing.(T)
MP3
Plspickoutthetruestatementsamongthefollowingitems:
a)Newphaseusuallymakesnucleationatdefectpoints.T
b)Solidstatephasetransformationiseasiertoidentify.F
c)Precipitationisasecondordersolidphasetransformation.F
d)PhasediagramreflectsphasesunderthermodynamicequilibriumconditionsT
e)Insolidstatephasetransformation,thenewphasegenerallygrowsalonghabitplane.T
f)Polycrystallinetransformationisafirstorderphasetransformationanditisdiffusional.T
g)Insecondorderphasetransformation,thereexistvolumeandentropychangesF
h)Eutectoidtransformationisakindofdiffusionaltypetransformation.T
MP4
Trueorfalsequestions:
a)Theyieldstrengthshowstheresistanceofthematerialstopermanentdeformation.T
b)Theplasticdeformationisakindoftemporarydeformation.F
c)Theyieldstressofceramicsisgenerallyhigherthanthatofmetals.T
d)Themaximumstrengthinthestress-straincurveistheyieldstrength.F
e)Ductilityindicatesthegeneralabilityofamaterialtobeplasticallydeformed.T
f)Plasticdeformationisgenerallyrealizedbyatomicplaneslipping.T
g)Metalspossesslargedislocationwidth,resultinginsmallyieldstrength,thusmoreductile.Whileceramicspossesssmalldislocationwidth,thuslatticeresistanceislarge,leadingtobrittlefeature.T
h)Materialwithmoreslipsystemexhibitsbetterductility.T
MP5
9.trueorfalsequestions
1)Ifonlythefreecarrierdensityishigh,materialexhibitshighconductivity.F
2)Theconductivityofsemiconductorsislowerthanmetal.T
3)Freeelectronsinmetalpossesswaveparticleduality.T
4)Maxwellboltzmanstatisticsisnotvalidtofreeelectroninmaterials.T
5)Bose-einsteinstatsticsbelongstoquantumstatistics,applyingtosystemthatdoesnotobeyPaullexclusiverule.T
MP6
1.Trueorfalsequestions
1)EnergydistributionoffreeelectronsinametalobeysFermi-Diracdistribution(T)
2)Thenumberofoccupiedcollectiveelectronenergystatesinametalcrystalisequaltothetotalnumberofvalenceelectrons(T)
3)AccordingtothePauliprinciple,eachenergystatecanonlyaccommodatetwoelectronswithoppositespins.(T)
4)ThemostenergeticvalenceelectronsinthemetalatT=0KlocalatFermilevel.(T)
5)TheFermilevelinametalisrelatedtothedensityoffreeelectroninmetal.Anditisusuallytreatedasconstantatdifferenttemperature.(T)
6)Accordingtoquantumfreeelectrontheory,thedistributionoffreeelectronagreeswithMaxiwell-Boltzmannstatistics.(F)
7)Althoughthreearemanyelectronenergylevelsinmetals,electronsgenerallyoccupytheenergylevelsbelowFermilevel,andonlyelectronsnearFermilevelcanbeexcitedtohigherenergylevelsbythermalactivation.(T)
1.ConsideringtwoBrillouinzones,generally,thebandwidthiswiderinthehigherenergyband,plsdothetrueorfalsequestions
a)AwiderbandwidthmeansenergydispersionintheBrillouinzoneislarger,andelectronstheretendstopossesshigherdelocalizationabilityT
b)ThenumberenergystatesindifferentbrillouinzoneisdifferentF
c)ElectronsinaenergybandwithwiderwidthwillbemoremobilethanthosewithnarrowbandwidthT
MP7
1.Trueorfalsequestion:
1)AccordingtoOhmlaw,theelectriccurrentisproportionaltotheelectricfield.T
2)ThefreeelectronsinmetalsobeyPauliexclusiveprinciple.T
3)Themovementofvalenceelectronsinametalonlyinfluencesbylatticevibration,butisnotaffectedbyimpurityanddefect.(F)
4)Theconductivityofmetalsdecreaseswiththeincreaseoftemperature.(T)
5)TheorderofmetalconductivityisAl 6)Phononrelatestothevibrationoflattice,itsenergyisquantizedandincreaseswithtemperature.T MP8 1.Trueorfalseandblankfillinquestions. a)Theintrinsicsemiconductorsonlyincludesiliconandgermanium.F b)Mobilitydecreaseswithimpurityconcentration.T c)Insemiconductor,carrierconcentrationdecreaseswithtemperature.F d)Insemiconductor,conductivitydecreaseswithtemperature.F e)withtheincreaseofdopingconcentration,thecarrierconcentrationincreases.T MP9 (1)Inasuperconductor,belowTc,thefreeenergyislowerinthestateofsuperconductorthaninthenormalstate.T (2)Inasuperconductor,belowTc,thespecificheatcapacityislowerinthestateofsuperconductorthaninthenormalstate.F (3)SuperconductingquantuminterferencedeviceutilizesthesuperconductorfeatureofJosephsonEffect.T (4)ThezeroresistanceofasuperconductorisduetotheformationofCooperpairbytheassistingoflatticephonon.T (5)Whenasuperconductorinafixedmagneticfield,iscooledtotemperaturebelowTC,itwillexpelthemagneticfield.T MP10 1)Innonpolardielectricmaterials,thestatisticcentersofthepositiveandnegativechargesofmoleculesoverlap.T 2)Comparedtopolardielectricmaterials,thedielectricconstantofanonpolardielectricmaterialislower.T 3)Thermoelectriceffectisirreversible.F 4)Foraparallelplatecapacitorinvacuum,thecapacitanceishigherintheoneemployingaluminumastheelectrodesthantheonewithsilveraselectrodes.F 5)Inadielectricmaterial,applyingaalternativeelectricfield,thephaseofchargingcurrentwillbethesameasthatoftheelectricfield.F 6)Therefractiveindexrelatestothepolarizationofdielectricmaterialunderopticalfrequencythatonlyresponsestotheelectricpolarization.T MP11 1)Heatcapacityisindependentofspinarrangement.F 2)Theheatcapacityofonematerialisdependentoncrystalstructure.T 3)Thefactorsthatcontributetoheatcapacityincludeatomicvibrationandelectronvibration.T 4)Comparedtometal,thecapacityofceramicsshowsmoreagreementwithDebyemodelbecausetherearehardlyfreeelectronsthere.T MP12 Trueorfalsequestions 1)Incopper,thedominantfactorforthermalconductionisphonon.F 2)Formetalswithrelativelylowelectricalconductivityandatrelativelylowtemperature,bothelectronandphononarethemaincontributionforthermalconduction.T 3)ThethermalconductivityofmaterialsisindependentoftemperatureF 4)ThethermalconductionbyphonontakeseffectonlyathightemperatureT 5)Inagoodconductor,theratioofthermalandelectricalconductivitiesisproportionaltoabsolutetemperature.T 6)Generallyspeaking,athermalconductivityofametalalloyislowerthancorrespondingmetal.T 7)Thethermalconductivityofaceramicwithcrystallinestructureisgenerallylowerthanthatinamorphousstate.F 8)Comparedtoopaqueamorphousceramic,thesharperincreasingofthermalconductionathightemperatureinatransparencyamorphousceramicisduetophotonthermalconduction.T 9)Inanisotropicmaterial,thevolumeexpansioncoefficientisthreetimesthelinearexpansioncoefficient.T 10)Generallyspeakingthethermalexpansioncoefficientisreciprocaltomeltingpoint.T MP13 1)ThespinmagneticmomentofaelectronisapproximatelyequaltoBohrmagneton.T 2)Twomagneticmomentswithoppositedirectionwillcanceleachother.T 3)Inferromagneticmaterials,thereexistsstrongcouplingamongadjacentmagneticmoments.T 4)Adiamagneticmaterialexhibitsnopermanentmagneticmomentsinatoms.T 5)Inaparamagneticmaterial,thereisnopermanentmagneticmomentsinatoms.F 6)Inamagneticatom,therearegenerallyunpairedelectrons.T 7)Amongallmaterials,themagneticsusceptibilityinferromagneticoneisthehighest.T 8)Belowthecriticaltemperature,thesusceptibilityofasuperconductoris-1.T 9)Inantiferromagneticmaterials,thereexiststrongmagneticmomentcouplings.T 10)Generally,thesusceptibilityofaantiferromagneticmaterialissmallerthanthatofaparamagneticone.T MP14 1.Trueorfalsequestions. 1)Themagneticsusceptibilityofaparamagneticmaterialisdecreaseswithtemperature.T 2)AbovetheCurrietemperature(TC),themagneticsusceptibilityofaferromagneticmaterialislargerthanthosebelowTC.F 3)Aferromagnetwithonlyonedomainpresentmacromagnetismandtherearemagnetostaticenergy.T 4)Iftherearealotofmagneticdomainsinaferromagnetandthesedomainsarerandomlydistributed,magnetismwillpresent.F 5)Adiamagnetisputinexternalmagneticfield(H),themagneticinductionisalmostproportionaltoH.T MP15 2Trueorfalsequestions: a)Thedegreeoflightreflectiondependsonitswavelength(T) b)Thedegreeoflightabsorptiondependsonboththewavelengthoflightandtheelectronicstructureofmaterial.(T) c)Thedegreeoflightrefractionisindependentoflightwavelengthbutonlydependentonmaterial.(F) d)Thehigherthematerialrefractiveindex,thehigherthereflectance.(T) e)Theratiooftheabsorbedlightisindependenttotheintensityoftheincidentlight,butisproportionaltothelengthofthemedium.(T) f)Generallyspeaking,theabsorbedlightbymetaltendstobereleasedasemissionwithwavelengthdifferenttotheabsorption.(F) g)Inmetals,thesmallpartoftheabsorbedphotonsthatdosenotinvolveradiativedecayconvertstoheateventually.(T) h)Anonmetalmaterialcanbeeithertransparentoropaquedependingonitsabsorptionproperty.(T) i)Therefractiveindexofmaterialsisgenerallygreaterthan1.(T) j)Thecolorofametalisdeterminedbythewavelengthsofreflect
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