高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附答案解析.docx
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高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附答案解析.docx
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高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附答案解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
JaneAustenislovedmainlyasacharmingguidetofashionablelifeintheRegencyperiod(英国摄政时期).Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches(四轮四座大马车).Butherownvisionofhertaskwascompletelydifferent.Shewasanambitiousandstrictmoralist.Shewashighlyconsciousofhumanfailingsandshehadadeepdesiretomakepeoplenicer:
lessselfish,morereasonableandmoresensitivetotheneedsofothers.
InPrideandPrejudice,Mr.DarcyandElizabethBonnetstartoffheartilydislikingeachotherandthen,graduallyrealizetheyareinlove.Theymakeoneofthegreatromanticcouples.Heishandsome,richandwellconnected;sheispretty,smartandlively.Butwhyactuallyaretheyrightforoneanother?
JaneAustenisveryclear.It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:
Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.WhenMr.Darcyarrivesintheneighborhood,hefeels"superior"toeveryoneelse,becausehehasmoremoneyandhigherstatus.Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarrogance(自大)andpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.
Mostly,wetendtothinkofloveaslikingsomeoneforwhotheyalreadyare,andoftotalacceptance.Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.
(1)WhatdoweknowaboutJaneAustenfromparagraph1?
A. Shelivedafashionablelife.
B. Shewroteaboutthelifeoftherich.
C. Sheknewexactlyhumanvirtues. D. Shewasnicertolessselfishpeople.
(2)WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Darcyfromthetext?
A. HedislikesElizabethfromthebeginningtotheend.
B. Heishandsome,richandrathermodest.
C. Heiskindtoeveryoneintheneighborhood.
D. HeneedsElizabethtopointouthisshortcomings.
(3)WhichpersonisrightforyouaccordingtoJaneAusten?
A. Apersonthatyoulikeforwhoheorsheis.
B. Apersonwithwhomyoufeelreallyrelaxed.
C. Apersonmakingyoubecomeabettermanorwoman.
D. Apersonwhodoessomethingsimilartoyou.
(4)WhatmessagedoesthebookPrideandPrejudiceconvey?
A. Improveyourselfwithyourlover'shelp.
B. Acceptthepeopleyoulovetotally.
C. Earnmuchmoneytomakepeopleloveyou.
D. Findyourtruelovewithprideandprejudice.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了简·奥斯丁的著作《傲慢与偏见》中传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的思想。
简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的”Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches.“她因描述了一个充满优雅的房子、舞蹈、仆人和时髦的年轻人驾着四轮马车的世界而受到赞赏。
可知她写了关于富人的生活。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的”Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarroganceandpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.“在关键时刻,伊丽莎白当面谴责了他的傲慢和骄傲。
这听起来很无礼,但后来他承认这正是他所需要的。
可知达西先生需要伊丽莎白指出他的缺点。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的”Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.“但奥斯汀说,适合我们的人,不仅仅是让我们感到放松或舒适的人;他们必须能够帮助我们克服失败,变得更成熟、更诚实、更善良——我们需要为他们做一些类似的事情。
可知简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的”It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:
Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.“这是一个我们今天很少想到的原因:
因为每个人都可以教育且帮助对方提高。
可知《傲慢与偏见》这本书传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的信息。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
DarrellBlatchley,amarinebiologistandenvironmentalistbasedinthePhilippinecityofDavao,receivedacallfromthePhilippines,BureauofFisheriesandAquaticResources(渔业与水产资源局)earlyFridaymorningreportingadeathofayoungwhale.
Whenthenecropsy(尸检)wasperformed,BlatchleytoldNPR,hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhale'sstomach."Itwasfullofplasticnothingbutnonstopplastic."hesaid"Itwasfilledtothepointthatitsstomachwasashardasabaseball."Thatmeansthatthisanimalhasbeensufferingnotfordaysorweeksbutformonthsorevenayearormore,"Blatchleyadded.
BlatchleyisthefounderandowneroftheD'BoneCollectorMuseum,anaturalhistorymuseuminDavao.Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitemsfoundinthewhale'ssystem.BlatchleyandhisteamworkwiththeBureauofFisheriesandAquaticResourcesandotherorganizationstoassistinrescueandrecoveryofmarineanimals.
"Withinthelast10years,wehaverecovered61whalesanddolphinsjustwithintheDavaoGulf,"hesaid."Ofthem,57havediedduetomanwhethertheytookplasticorfishingnetsorotherwaste,orgottencaughtinpollution—andfourwerepregnant."
BlatchleysaidhehopedthatthelatestincidentwouldlaunchtheissueofplasticpollutioninthePhilippinesandacrosstheglobe."Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,"hesaid.
(1)Whatcanheinferredfromthesecondparagraph?
A. Thewhalewasstarvedtodeath.
B. Blatchleywasshockedatwhathefound.
C. Thedeadwhalemusthaveswallowedabaseball.
D. Blatchleydidn'tmakepreparationsforthenecropsy.
(2)WhatwillbeshownintheD'BoneCollectorMuseum?
A. Wastecollectedfromtheocean. B. Thewholesystemofthewhale.
C. Thingsfoundinthewhale'sbody.
D. Manydifferenttoolsofwhaling.
(3)WhatdoesBlatchleythinkofplasticpollutioninthePhilippines?
A. Uncommon.
B. Worrying.
C. Inspiring.
D. Mild.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A. AWhaleFoundDeadofPlastic
B. StandUpforProtectingWhales
C. PlasticThreateningOurExistence
D. NaturalDeathorMercilessMurder
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡,这引发了人们对海洋塑料污染的担忧。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhale'sstomach”可知,布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料,他对此毫无准备,这是他意想不到的,由此可知,布拉奇利对他的发现感到震惊,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitemsfoundinthewhale'ssystem.”可知,在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出,故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,”可知,布拉奇利说如果我们继续这样下去,动物因吃塑料死亡的情况比自然死亡更为常见,由此可知,他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧,故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡,这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique.
Locatedinahomebuiltin1896inFlorida,US,theprogramservesstudentsingrades2through12andwillacceptkindergartenstudentsnextyear.Italsooffersanafter-schoolprogramforstudentswhoattendtraditionalschools,aswellaseveningprogramsforadultsandeducatorsandweekendeventsforfamilies.
Thereisadifferentatmospherefromthatofatraditionalschoolbuilding.Tablesandbrightlycoloredwallsarewhiteboards.Inthescienceroom,studentsarestudyingclimatechangesataweatherstation,whileinthemusicroom,astudentissolvinganequation(等式)withhisacademiccoachwhileheconnectsmusictheoryandmaths.
Thedailyscheduleattheschoolalsostandsout."Wedon'tassignboringorexhaustinghomework."saidSpaceofMindfounderandCEOAliKaufman."Insteadofhomework,weaskthattheygohomeandtakeavideoofthemselvesapplyingalessontheylearnedorcookingamealfortheirfamilythattheylearnedhowtomakeatschool."
Forlunch,insteadoftraditionalcafeteriadishessuchaspizza,theschooloffersorganicmealsmadeoutofproductsfromlocalgardensandfarms."OurstudentsalsorunabusinessattheDelrayBeachGreenMarketonSaturdayssotheycanunderstandsustainablelivingpracticesandhowtorunabusiness,"Kafmansaid.
"WearealsothefirstschoolprograminFloridatostartandendeachdaywith15minutesofmeditation(冥想),"Kaufmansaid."Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing.Wearereallyaboutinfusingsocial,emotionalandcreativeskillswithacademicandlifeskills."
(1)SpaceofMindSchool_________.
A. assignsnohomework.
B. urgesstudentstousewhattheylearn.
C. teachesstudentstoearnmoneyinclass.
D. focusesonknowledgelearning.
(2)Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A. YogaenjoysgreatpopularityinUS.
B. Thepracticeofmeditationisamazing.
C. Themeditationsessionlasts15minutesdaily.
D. Thestudentsbenefitfrommeditation.
(3)Theunderlinedword"infusing"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.
A. emphasizing
B. checking
C. developing
D. helping
(4)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A. WhatmakesSpaceofMindSchooloutstanding.
B. WhySpaceofMindSchoolispopularinUS.
C. Howtheafter-classprogramsofspaceofMindSchoolareorganized.
D. HowSpaceofMindSc
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