虚拟语气练习题.docx
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虚拟语气练习题.docx
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虚拟语气练习题
1.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.
A.knew,would
B.hadknown,wouldhavesent
C.know,wouldsend
D.knew,wouldhavesent
2.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected,they____herenow.
A.hadstarted,wouldbe
B.started,mightbe
C.hadstarted,wouldhavebeen
D.willstart,mighthavebeen
3.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber.____it,I____then.
A.HadIknown,wouldringhimup
B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimup
C.IfIknew;wouldringhimup
D.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup
4.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____absentfromschool.
A.werenotill,wouldn'tbe
B.hadbeenill,wouldn'thavebeen
C.hadbeenill,shouldhavebeen
D.hadn'tbeenill,couldbe
5.WereItodoit,I________itsomeotherway.
A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo
6.I________himtheanswer________possible,butIwassobusythen.
A.couldtell,ifithadbeen
B.musthavetold,wereit
C.shouldhavetold,haditbeen
D.shouldhavetold,shoulditbe
7.Withoutyourhelp,we________somuch.
A.won'tachieveB.didn'tachieveC.don'tachieveD.wouldn'thaveachieved
8.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice,you________suchamistake.
A.Hadyoutaken,wouldn'thavemade
B.Ifyouhadtaken,wouldmake
C.Wereyoulotake,shouldn'thavemade
D.Haveyoutaken,won'thavemade
9.Wewishwe____whatyoudidwhenwewereathighschool.
A.didB.couldhavedoneC.havedoneD.shoulddo
10.Shewishesshe____tothetheatrelastnight.
A.wentB.wouldgoC.hadgoneD.weregoing
11.Tomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathe________betallwhenhegrowsup.
A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.wereableto
12.MysisteradvisedmethatI________accepttheinvitation.
A.couldB.mustC.shouldD.might
13.Heasksthathe________anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'srefusedtogothere.
A.isgivenB.mustgiveC.shouldgiveD.begiven
14.DoyouthinkofWangFang'ssuggestionthathe________Mr.Litotheparty?
A.willinviteB.haveinvitedC.isinvitedD.invite
15.Iinsistedthathe________atonce.
A.begoneB.goC.wouldgoD.mightgo
16.LiMinginsistedthathe________anythingatall.
A.hadn'tstolenB.shouldn'tstealC.doesn'tstealD.steal
17.Itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagain________themveryangry.
A.hadmadeB.wouldmakeC.makesD.make
18.Heactedasifhe________everythingintheworld.
A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.won'tknow
19.ReaditaloudsothatI________youclearly.
A.mayhearB.willhearC.hearD.haveheard
20.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey________theyfirsttrain.
A.caughtB.willcatchC.mightcatchD.shallcatch
21.Iamsorrythathe________insuchpoorhealth.
A.areB.shallbeC.wereD.shouldbe
22.Thatisagoodbook.You________ityesterday.
A.couldbuyB.shouldbuyC.shouldhaveboughtD.bought
23.Itishightimewe________home.
A.willgoB.wouldgoC.havegoneD.went
24.I'dratherthatyou________home.
A.wentB.havegoneC.willgoD.hadgone
25.IfonlyI_________tothelecture!
A.listenB.willlistenC.amlisteningD.hadlistened
26.——Ifhe_____,he______thatfood.
----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.
A.waswarned,wouldnottake
B.hadbeenwarned,wouldnothavetaken
C.wouldbewarned,hadnottaken
D.wouldhavebeenwarned,hadnottaken
27.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.
A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome
28.Withoutelectricity,humanlife________quitedifferenttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
29.He________youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.
A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive
30.Ifcitynoises_______fromincreasing,people_______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.
A.arenotkept,willhaveto
B.arenotkept,haveto
C.donotkeep,willhaveto
D.donotkeep,haveto
31.Mike'sfather,aswellashismother,insistedthathe________home.
A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay
32.Mr.Smithinsistedthathe________theworkall.
A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.so
33.Janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldcometoseeher.
A.hassheknownB.hadsheknownC.ifsheknowD.ifshehasknown
34.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what________?
A.willyoubuy
B.wouldyoubuy
C.wouldyouhavebought
D.willyouhavebought
35.Ifyou________thatfilmlatelastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.
A.didn'tseeB.haven'tseenC.wouldn'thaveseenD.hadn'tseen
36.Ourmonitorrequestedthat________.
A.alltheclassstudiedmorecarefullytheproblem
B.theproblemwasmorecarefullystudied
C.withgreatcaretheproblemcouldbestudied
D.alltheclassstudytheproblemmorecarefully
37.——Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?
Yes,butI________busydoingmyhomework.
A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe
38.Histiredfacesuggestedthathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.
A.hadbeenB.wasC.beD.shouldbe
39.Itisimportantthatwe________.
A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleave
B.willclosethewindowbeforeweleave
C.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleave
D.closethewindowbeforeweleave
40.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseI______him.
A.hadtelephonedB.wouldtelephoneC.wouldhavetelephonedD.telephone
参考答案
1~5BADAB6~10CDABC11~15CCDDB16~20ADAAC21~25DCDAD26~30BDDAA
31~35DABBD36~40DABDC
Ifhedoesn'thurryup,hewillmissthebus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。
(真实)
Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。
(真实)
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(我不可能是你。
非真实,虚拟语气)
Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.如果没有空气,人就会死亡。
(不可能没有空气。
非真实,虚拟语气)
用法及动词形式
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:
从句:
If主语+过去时 主句:
主语+should/would/could/might+do eg:
1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:
我不可能是你)
2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:
不知道)
3.Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:
地球上既有空气也有水)
4.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:
没带钱)
5.Ifhestudiedharder,hemightpasstheexam. 如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:
没有努力)
6.shelookedatmeasifIhadbeenastranger. 她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。
(事实:
我并非陌生人)
2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句:
If主语+had+done 主句:
主语+should/would/could/might+havedone eg:
1.IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:
去晚了)
2.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:
没有听我的话)
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
从句:
主句:
①if+主语+weretodo①主语+should/would/could/might+do
②if+主语+did/were②主语+should/would/could/might+do
③if+主语+should+do③主语+should/would/could/might+do eg:
1.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim. 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:
来的可能性很小)
2.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。
(事实:
不知能否下雪)
3.IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
这种条件句叫错综条件句。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
eg:
IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了
Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如:
Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。
Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。
5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。
eg:
Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。
Wereshehere,shewouldagreewithus. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。
Hadhelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况下,条件会暗含在短语中,如without…,butfor…等eg:
Butforhishelp,wewouldbeworkingnow. 要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。
Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress. 要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。
Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim. 我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。
7、有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
Hewouldhavefinishedit.他本该完成了。
Youcouldhavepassedthisexam.你本能通过这次考试的。
②省略主句
IfIwereathomenow.要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
IfonlyIhadgotit.要是只有我得到它了该多好啊。
8.注意,在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was。
eg:
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim. 如果我是你,就会去找他。
编辑本段各类用法
wish后宾语从句
a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式 eg.IwishIhadyourbrains. 我希望我有你那样的头脑。
(事实:
我根本比不上你)
b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词:
had+done eg:
.
IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter. 我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。
(事实:
那时还不知道)
c、表示将来难以实现的愿望 谓语动词:
should/would(情态动词)+动词原形eg.
IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain. 我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。
(事实:
很难再有这样的机会了) (注:
ifonly引导的感叹句和asif/asthough引导的状语从句也有相同用法)
目的状语从句
1、在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为:
should+do。
并且should能省略
Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief(should)comein. 她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。
Hestartedoutearlierlesthe(should)belate. 他早早的就出发了以防迟到。
2、在sothat,inorderthat所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为:
can/could/may/might/will/would/should+do。
Hegoesclosertothespeakersothathecanhearhimclearer.他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。
Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthatheshouldnotmissaword.他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。
其他用法
1、一想要(desire一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order.command)三建议(advise.sugge
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