北京市海淀区清华大学附属中学高中英语阅读理解专项训练专题复习及答案.docx
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北京市海淀区清华大学附属中学高中英语阅读理解专项训练专题复习及答案.docx
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北京市海淀区清华大学附属中学高中英语阅读理解专项训练专题复习及答案
北京市海淀区清华大学附属中学2021年高中英语阅读理解专项训练专题复习及答案
一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练
1.阅读理解
EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.
Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中)safetyprecautions.
Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.
ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon'treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.
"It'saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,"saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who'samemberoftheunion'snegotiatingcommittee."Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance(从事自由职业的)performer,whoisn'tregularlyenjoyedeverysingledayworkingonprojects."
Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry."Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,"saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.
"Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,"FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday."IwasamaincharacterinFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf."
ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,saysvoiceactors"representlessthanonetenthoflpercentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame."So"eventhoughthey'rethetopcraftsmenintheirfield,"Witlinsays,"ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies."
(1)WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogamepublishers?
A. Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.
B. Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.
C. Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.
D. Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.
(2)Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?
A. Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.
B. Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.
C. Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.
D. Ithasgainedhugeprofitsinrecentyears.
(3)Whatarethevoiceactorsdemanding?
A. Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.
B. Anon-discriminatorycontract.
C. Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.
D. Moreregularemployment.
(4)WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?
A. Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.
B. Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.
C. Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.
D. Theyarenotemployedfull-time.
(5)WhatistheargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?
A. Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.
B. Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinfinewiththelaw.
C. Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiseiftheyprovetobetopcraftsmen.
D. Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)A
(4)B
(5)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,美国演员工会针对配音演员酬劳协商无果的问题进行了罢工。
近年来美国游戏行业快速发展,游戏公司从中获得巨大利润,但配音演员的酬劳却一直维持不变,故他们希望可以按照游戏销售量获得额外的报酬。
但律师认为如果改变声音演员的报酬系统,游戏公司将会面临更多的问题,因为他们只做了其中少之又少的工作。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的”Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.“可知,由于为期19个月的谈判没有成功,SAG-AFTRA决定采取罢工来对抗一些游戏制作公司。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.“可知,近几年游戏行业发展迅速,2015年游戏行业创造了235亿美元的国内总收入。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的”Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation---aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.“可知,配音演员要求得到额外的补偿——每款游戏卖出200万份拷贝或下载,或者拥有200万订阅者(最高800万),配音演员可以得到一份表演奖金,即配音演员希望按游戏销售量得到额外的报酬。
故选A。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据第六段中的“’Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,‘saysvoiceactor”可知,KeytheFarley说配音演员在被雇佣时不知道自己在演什么角色,即她认为他们在被雇佣时不知道和工作相关的信息。
故选B。
(5)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies”可知,ScottWitlin认为,改变配音演员的酬劳体系会给游戏公司带来更多的问题,因为他们只做了其中0.1%的工作。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
WhenIwassmall,mymotherandIwouldwalktoourlocallibraryinFranklinSquare.Aswedidn'talwayshaveaccesstoareliablecar,walkinghandinhandwasthemostconvenientwaytogetanywhere.ItwasatstorytimeforchildrenthatbothmymotherandImadelastingfriendships.
Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheColdCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren'sLibrary.My18-imonth-oldson,Colin,andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesaweek,meetingandmakingfriends.Well,thatiswhatmanypeopledon'tunderstand-alibraryismorethanbooks;it'sacommunity.
Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedtoJudyBlumenovels.ButitwasalsotheplacewhereIgotmyfirstemailaddressin1997.Atthelibrary,friendsandIlearnedhowtoresearchcollegesandsearchforscholarshipsontheInternet.Thelibrarywastheplacewherewesometimesgiggled(咯咯笑)tooloudly,andwherethelibrariansknewusbyname.Theirknowingournameswasn'tabadthing.WhenIcamehomefrommyfirsttermatBinghamtonUniversity,MaryLaRosa,thelibrarianattheFranklinSquarelibrary,offeredmemyfirstteachingjob.
InowteachreadingatNassauCommunityCollege.Mystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksviatheirsmartphonesandvirtually(虚拟地)visitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcountypubliclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Eventhoughtheycan'talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.
(1)Whydoestheauthorconsiderherselfluckytoday?
A. Shehasbecomehermother'sbestfriend.
B. Shehasaccesstoareliablecarnow.
C. Shecanmeetfriendsatthelibrary.
D. Shelivesclosetolibraries.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto?
A. Socializinginalibrary.
B. Readingbooksinalibrary.
C. Visitingalibrarywithafamilymember.
D. Buildingparent-childfriendshipinalibrary.
(3)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoherstudents'wayofvisitinglibraries?
A. Cautious.
B. Favorable.
C. Doubtful.
D. Disapproving.
(4)Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?
A. Todiscusswhylibrariesareimportant.
B. Toexpressherdeeploveforlibraries.
C. Toexplainhowlibrarieschange. D. Tointroduceherfavoritelibraries.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆的变化。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheColdCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren'sLibrary.”可知,现在,我很幸运地住在格伦黑德的冷海岸公共图书馆附近,走一小段路就可以到海崖儿童图书馆,由此可知,作者认为自己很幸运是因为她住得离图书馆很近,故选D。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“My18-imonth-oldson,Colin,andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesaweek,meetingandmakingfriends.”可知,我和18个月大的儿子科林每周都要去几次海崖图书馆,在那里见面、交朋友,这是一种社交活动,画线词指代的就是“在图书馆社交”,故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Eventhoughtheycan'talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.”可知,尽管学生们不能总是很容易地参观当地的图书馆,但图书馆总是与他们在一起,由此可知,作者对学生们访问虚拟图书馆的方式是支持的,故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
纵观全文可知,作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆所发生的变化,由此可知,作者写这篇文章是为了解释图书馆的变化,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Itwasjustbefore8a.m.onOctober17,2010.She'dcheckedthehighersummitsforecastpostedbytheMountWashingtonObservatorybeforesheleft.Basedonherexperience,Balesknewthatherhikewasrealistic.Besides,shehadtwoplansandextralayersofclothingtobetterregulatehertemperatureasconditionschanged.
At10:
30a.m.,theweatherwasshowingitsteeth.Balesaddedevenmorelayers,includingajackettoprotectherselffromthecoldwindsandheavyfog.Shemadeherwayacrossthesnow—coveredridgetowardMountWashingtonandbegantothinkaboutcallingitaday.Thenshenoticedsomething:
asinglesetoffootprintsinthesnowaheadofher.She'dbeenfollowingfainttracksalldayandhadn'tgiventhemmuchthought,becausesomanypeopleclimbedJewellTrail.Butthese,sherealized,
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