陕西省西北工业大学附属中学届高三第十二次适应性训练英语试题解析版.docx
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陕西省西北工业大学附属中学届高三第十二次适应性训练英语试题解析版.docx
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陕西省西北工业大学附属中学届高三第十二次适应性训练英语试题解析版
陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2019届高三
第十二次适应性训练英语试题(解析版)
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
请听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?
A.Listeningtotheradio.
B.Havingaclass.
C.Attendingaconcert.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
2.Whatisthewomanplanningtodo?
A.Buysomeclothes.
B.Getahaircut.
C.Gototheman'shome.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
3.What'sthemandoing?
A.Apologizingtothewoman
B.Criticizingthewoman.
C.Arguingwiththewoman.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
4.
Howlateisthewoman?
A.Morethananhour.B.Anhour.C.45minutes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
5.Whydoesn'tthemangooutwithhisfriends?
A.Hedoesn'tlikegoingout.B.Thingsareexpensive.C.Hehasnotime.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
6.What'sJenny'sproblem?
A.Shedislikeshistoryclass.
B.Shedoespoorlyinhertests.
C.Shedoesbadlyinassignments.
7.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Classmates.
B.Teacherandstudent.
C.Husbandandwife.
【答案】6.B7.C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
8.Howdidthemanfirsthearaboutthefootballmatch?
A.Ontheradio.B.OnTV.C.Fromthewoman.
9.Whenwillthefootballmatchbeheld?
A.Onthe4thB.Onthe21st.C.Onthe28th.
10.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?
A.Buyhimdinner.B.Buyhimaticket.C.Helphimstudy.
【答案】8.A9.B10.C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
11.WhatisAmazonTreeHouses?
A.Itisahotel.B.Itisaprogram.C.Itisacompany.
12.Whyisthewomaninterestedinthearticle?
A.ShewantstotravelinAmazon.
B.Shewantstorunatreehousehotel.
C.Shewantstoliveinatreehouse.
13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'splan?
A.Notpractical.B.Quitegood.C.Justso-so.
【答案】11.C12.B13.A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
14.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?
A.Inacinema.B.Inagrocery.C.Inabookstore.
15.Whendidpopcorngrowmorepopular?
A.In1621.B.Inthe1930s.C.In1947.
16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Thefunctionofpopcornonfilms.
B.Thevarioususesofpopcorn.
C.Thebriefhistoryofpopcorn.
【答案】14.A15.B16.C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
17.Whatmaterialwasthevaluablepennyfromthetalkmadeof?
A.Copper.B.Silver.C.Steel.
18.Whatcausedpenniestobemadedifferentlyin1943?
A.WorldWarII.B.Thecostofmetal.C.Collectors'taste.
19.Whywasthecoinsointerestingandvaluabletothecollector?
A.ItwasfromPhiladelphia.
B.Itwasunique.
C.ItoncebelongedtoLincoln.
20.Whatkindsofcollectibleitemsareworththemost?
A.Rareones.
B.Oldones.
C.Onesfromthewar.
【答案】17.A18.A19.B20.A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题,解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Thecritics’topfourbooksof2018arebasedonChristmasselectionsinnationalnewspapers,theLondonEveningStandard,TheTLS,TheSpectatorandtheNewStatesman.
NormalPeoplebySallyRooneyFaber£14.99
SallyRooney’sdebutnovel,ConversationswithFriends,wasoneoflastyear’smosttalked-aboutbooks.TheresponsetotheIrishwriter’sfollow-uphas,ifanything,beenevenmoreecstatic.The27-year-oldwaspraisedforherabilitytoconveysubtlemodulationsofemotion.ThenovelwaslonglistedfortheManBookerPrize—butmanyfeltthatitshouldhavedonebetter.
VietnambyMaxHastingsWilliamCollins£30
Thislong-awaitedhistoricalblockbusterfollowstheVietnamWaroverthreedecades,fromtheFrench“dirtywar”of1946—54toAmerica’scapitulationtotheVietcongin1975.Hastings,whoreportedfromthebattlefieldinVietnamasayoungBritishjournalist,waspraisedforhisencyclopedicknowledgeoftheconflict.
TheSilenceoftheGirlsbyPatBarkerHamishHamilton£18.99
PatBarker’snovelisaretellingofThelliad—butwithwomenattheheartoftheaction.ThecentralcharacterisBriseis,whoappearsonlyglancinglyinHomersoriginal.Best-knownforherFirstWorldWarSetRegenerationtrilogy(1997).Barker,inherfifties,againfocusesonthetraumasofwar.Reviewerspraisedthenovel’ssubversiveenergyevenifitwasjudgedconventionalinplaces.
ACertainIdeaofFrancebyJulianJacksonAllenLane£35
ThisbiographybyBritishhistorianJulianJackson—bornin1954chroniclesthelifeofCharlesdeGaullewhoisregardedasoneofthegreatesteverFrenchmen.WhileacknowledgingthatdeGaullewasn’tverylikeable,Jacksonsaluteshisimaginationandboldness-qualitiesthathelpedhimsteerFrancethroughitsliberationfromtheNazisandthewarinAlgeria.Criticssuggesteditwouldbecomethestandardbiography.
21.Whichauthorofthefourbooksistheyoungestaccordingtothetext?
A.SallyRooneyB.MaxHastings
C.PatBarkerD.JulianJackson
22.Whichbookmaypeoplewhoareinterestedinapoliticalleader’slifechoose?
A.NormalPeopleB.Vietnam
C.TheSilenceoftheGirlsD.ACertainIdeaofFrance
23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Torememberthefourgreatnovelists.
B.Topromotethevaluesofthefournovelists
C.Toencouragestudiesonthefournovels
D.Tointroducetheyearlytopfournovels.
【答案】21.A22.D23.D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。
短文介绍了2018年英国最畅销的四部小说。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。
由NormalPeople中的“The27-year-old”Vietnam中的“fromtheFrench“dirtywar”of1946—54toAmerica’scapitulationtotheVietcongin1975.Hastings,whoreportedfromthebattlefieldinVietnamasayoungBritishjournalis”.TheSilenceoftheGirls中的“inherfifties”以及ACertainIdeaofFrance中的“......bornin1954”可知,通过对比四个作家的年龄,SallyRooney是四个作家中最年轻的作家。
故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。
由ACertainIdeaofFrance中的“ThisbiographybyBritishhistorianJulianJackson...chroniclesthelifeofCharlesdeGaullewhoisregardedasoneofthegreatesteverFrenchmen”可知,这本由英国历史学家朱利安·杰克逊(JulianJackson)撰写的传记记录了戴高乐(CharlesdeGaulle)的一生,戴高乐被认为是有史以来最伟大的法国人之一。
所以对政治领袖的生活感兴趣的人可以选择ACertainIdeaofFrance。
故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。
由第一段“Thecritics’topfourbooksof2018arebasedonChristmasselectionsinnationalnewspapers,theLondonEveningStandard,TheTLS,TheSpectatorandtheNewStatesman.”可知,评论家们评选出的2018年最受欢迎的四本书是基于英国全国性报纸《伦敦旗帜晚报》、《泰晤士报》、《观察家报》和《新政治家报》的圣诞精选。
以及下文对这4本小说的具体介绍。
可以判断出,作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍年度最畅销的四部小说。
故选D项。
B
Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.
Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:
youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.
Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.
Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromrelativelywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.
Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.
AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.
SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”
24.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?
A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.
B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.
C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.
D.Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.
25.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.
A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwide
B.comparingdifferentculturesandcustoms
C.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroups
D.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments
26.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelyto
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