高中英语Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Period One Introduction.docx
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高中英语Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Period One Introduction.docx
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高中英语Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountriesPeriodOneIntroduction
Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries
话题导入
RecentlyIreadtheHumanDevelopmentReport.Icouldn’thelpthinkingaboutanotherproblemwhichtheworldisfacing—hunger.Accordingtothereport,2,400peoplearedyingfromhungereveryday;nearly13millioninsouthernAfricawillbeworriedabouttheirfoodsupplybecauseofearthquakes,floodsorwars.
Inaword,hungerremainsthebiggestproblemoftheworldtoday.It’sstrangetoseethatmancantraveltothemoon,butstilldoesn’tknowhowtofeedhimself.Youmayask,“Whostealsourbread?
”Thefirstthievesshouldbepopulationgrowth,povertyandlossofrichfarmland.
InlessdevelopedareaslikeSouthAfrica,thepopulationgrowsfasterthanthecrops.Itisalmostimpossibleforitsgovernmenttofeedsomanypeopleandprovideeducationforthem.Soitisveryimportanttocontrolthepopulationgrowthandprotecttheirfarmlandincountrieswhosepeoplearesufferingfromhunger.
Accordingtothereport,theworld’sfoodproductionisenoughtofeedeveryoneifitisgivenawaywell.Buttheproblemisthatthedevelopedcountriesareeatingfoodthatshouldbegiventothepoor.Althoughtheyarejustusingtheirownearning,thefactisthattheyarecoldlywatchingothersstarvingaway.
Luckily,somedevelopedcountriessuchasNetherlands,NorwayandSwedenhavedonealottohelpthosehungrypeopleinAfricancountries.Wehopeotherdevelopedcountrieswillfollowthem.
根据上文完成下列各题
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”(Line2,Paragraph4)probablyreferto?
Food.
2.Listthereasonswhypeoplesufferhunger.
(1)Population_growth.
(2)Poverty.
(3)Loss_of_rich_farmland.
PeriodOne Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary
Ⅰ.单词
1.hungern.饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的
2.povertyn.贫穷→pooradj.贫穷的
3.developmentn.发展→developvt.发展→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的
4.expectancyn.(根据概率得出的)预期数额→expectvt.期待,预期,盼望
5.educatevt.教育;培养;训练→educationn.教育
Ⅱ.短语
1.at_the_top_of在……顶端
2.at_the_bottom_of在……底部
3.make_sure确保
4.move_out_of脱离;摆脱
5.make_progress取得进步
6.make_efforts努力
Ⅰ.课文理解
1.Whatisthemainpurposeofgivingthereportinyouropinion?
A.Toexaminetheachievementsof175countries.
B.Toorderthecountriesintheworldinthreeways.
C.Toshowthecurrentconditionsoftheworld’scountriesinthreeways.
D.Tourgethecountriesintheworldtoworktogethertoreducepoverty.
答案 D
2.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefiverichestcountriesaccordingtothereport?
A.TheUS,theUK,Norway,Iceland,Sweden.
B.Norway,Iceland,Sweden,Australia,theNetherlands.
C.Iceland,Sweden,Australia,theNetherlands,Norway.
D.TheUS,Norway,Iceland,Sweden,Australia.
答案 B
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegoalmadebythereportaccordingtothepassage?
A.Improvingpeople’slivingconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.
B.Improvingpeople’smedicalconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.
C.Givingthechildreninpoorcountriesmorechancestobeeducated.
D.Urgingallthedevelopingcountriestofightwithpovertyandillness.
答案 D
4.InwhichwayhasChinaprovedsuccessfulaccordingtothereport?
A.Itincreasedlifeexpectancyby13years.
B.150millionpeoplehavemovedoutofpoverty.
C.Morethan80%ofchildrenhavegonetoprimaryschool.
D.BothAandB.
答案 D
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheconclusionmadebythereport?
A.Wearemakingsomeprogressbutgreatereffortsarestillneeded.
B.Developedcountriesshouldgivemuchmorehelptothosepoorones.
C.TheUSAandtheUKshouldhavegivenmorehelptothedevelopingcountries.
D.Itistheresponsibilityoftherichcountriestohelpthoseinpoor.
答案 C
Ⅱ.课文缩写
In2000,147worldleadersagreedtoworktogethertoreducepovertyby20151.orearlier.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.Thereport2.mainly(main)includestwoaspects.OneistheHumanDevelopmentIndex,3.whichmeasurestheachievementsof175countriesin4.threeways:
lifeexpectancy,educationandincome.The5.otheristheDevelopmentGoals,andthemostimportantonesareto:
reducepovertyandhunger;makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationup6.totheageof11;fightAIDSandotherdiseases;improve7.theenvironmentofpoorpeople;encourage8.developed(develop)countriestogivemorehelptoothercountries.
9.Based(base)onsomeexamples,thereportfinallyshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbut10.thatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.
1.TheIndexmeasuresacountry’sachievementsinthreeways:
lifeexpectancy(howlongpeopleusuallylive),educationandincome.
这项指标从三个方面衡量一个国家的成就:
寿命、教育和收入。
[归纳拓展]
measurevt.衡量,测量;n.尺寸;措施
take(strong/strict/severe/firm)measurestodosth.采取(强硬的/严格的/严厉的/坚决的)措施做某事
makesth.toone’smeasure根据某人的尺寸做……
beyondmeasure无法估量的
[语境助记]
(1)Itcannotbemeasuredintermsofmoney.
这不能用金钱来衡量。
(2)Hiswifemadeapairofshoesto_his_measure.
他妻子按照他的尺寸给他做了一双鞋。
(3)Thegovernmentshouldtake_measures_to_prevent_pollution.
政府应该采取措施防止污染。
[题组训练]
(1)他们应该采取措施减少损失。
(一句多译)
①They_should_take_measures_to_reduce_the_loss.
②They_should_take_steps_to_reduce_the_loss.
③They_should_take_action_to_reduce_the_loss.
(2)Mumhasmadeashirtto_my_measure(按我的尺寸).
2.TheUKisinthethirteenthposition,whileChinaisinthemiddleofthelist.
英国排名第十三,而中国则处于中间位置。
[归纳拓展]
positionn.位置;地位,身份;名次;职位,工作
inagoodposition处于好位置
inposition在适当的位置
takeupone’sposition就位
outofposition在不适当的位置
getaposition获得某职位
[语境助记]
(1)Pleasetellmeyourpresentposition.
请告诉我你现在的位置。
(2)Heisamanofposition.
他是一个有身份的人。
(3)Hewaspromotedtothepositionofmanager.
他被提升为经理。
[题组训练]
(1)Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadapplied_for_a_position(申请一个职位)intheuniversitywasaccepted.
(2)Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.
3.Completethechartwithfiguresfromthepassage.
用文章中的数字完成下表。
[归纳拓展]
figuren.[C]数字;体形,身材;人物;雕像,塑像;图表;v.认为;计算
keepone’sfigure保持优美身材
father/mother/authorityfigure父亲/母亲/权威人士形象
figureout弄清楚;理解;看透
[语境助记]
(1)Hehasafivefigureincome.
他的收入是5位数。
(2)Shedoesexerciseeverymorningtokeep_her_figure.她每天早上做运动以保持体形。
(3)Heisanimportantpoliticalfigure.
他是一位重要的政治人物。
[题组训练]
写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思
(1)Howdoyouknowthelatesttradefigures?
数字
(2)Everywomanwantsaslimfigurethesedays.身材
(3)YaoMingisapublicfigure.人物
(4)Itisawaxwork(蜡)figure.塑像
(5)Now,class,pleaseseeFigure1.图表
1.Themostimportantgoalsareto:
reducepovertyandhunger;make_surethatallchildrenhaveeducationuptotheageof11...
最重要的目标是:
减少贫困和饥饿;确保所有的孩子都受到教育直到11岁……
[归纳拓展]
makesure确保;保证;查明,弄清楚
makesureof/about确保……
besuretodosth.一定会做某事,务必做某事
besureof/about对……有把握
[语境助记]
(1)Ithinkthedoor’slocked,butI’lljustgoandmake_sure.
我觉得门已经锁上了,不过我还是看看才放心。
(2)Whilemakinganexperiment,make_surenottohurtyourself.
做实验时,一定不要伤到自己。
[题组训练]
(1)Theyscoredanothergoalandmade_sure_of_victory(确保胜利).
(2)Be_sure_to_finish(务必完成)theworkontimeandyoushouldbe_sure_of_yourself(对自己有信心).
(3)单句改错
Mary,makesuretoswitchthelightsbeforeyouleavetheroom.
to_switch改为that_you_turn_off
2.Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.
报告显示:
我们正在进步,但是我们需要做出更大的努力。
[归纳拓展]
makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事
makeeveryeffort尽一切努力
sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事
inanefforttodosth.努力做某事(介词短语)
with(an)effort费力地,使劲地
withouteffort毫不费力地
[语境助记]
(1)Theypromisedtospare_no_effort_to_helpthosewhoareinpoverty.
他们承诺会不遗余力地帮助那些生活贫困的人。
(2)Hehasbeenmaking_efforts_to_achievehisdream.
他一直在为实现梦想而努力着。
[题组训练]
(1)Wemustmakegreateffortstoimprovethelivingconditionshere.(改为被动语态)
Great_efforts_must_be_made_to_improve_the_living_conditions_here.
(2)Thelocalclubsaremaking_every_effort_to_interest_more_young_people(尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻人).
(3)RobinmakesagreatefforttolearnJapaneseandhehasmadeprogressinit.
思考 其他表示尽力做某事的短语或句型还有哪些?
try/do_one’s_best_to_do_sth.;do_all/everything_one_can_to_do_sth.;do_what/whatever_one_can_to_do_sth.
3.From_this_agreement_cametheHumanDevelopmentReport.
由这份协议诞生了《人类发展报告》。
[归纳拓展]
本句为完全倒装结构,该句中介词短语放在句首,正常语序为:
TheHumanDevelopmentReportcamefromthisagreement.。
当一些表示方位的介词短语或副词,如up,down,out,in,here,there等或表示时间的now,then等副词位于句首,句子的主语又是名词时,句子常用完全倒装句型。
主语为代词时则不倒装。
[语境助记]
(1)There_goesthebell.铃响了。
(2)Then_camethetimewhenIhadtosaygoodbyetomyfamily.
接着我向家人说再见的时刻到了。
(3)Onthebenchoftheparksat_an_old_man.
公园长凳上坐着一位老人。
[题组训练]
将下列句子改为倒装句
(1)Anoldtemplestandsonthetopofthehill.
On_the_top_of_the_hill_stands_an_old_temple.
(2)Anoldmanwhohadbeenkilledinthefirelayonthefloor.
On_the_floor_lay_an_old_man_who_had_been_killed_in_the_fire.
(3)Someofthemainaspectsoflifetodayarebelow.
Below_are_some_of_the_main_aspects_of_life_today.
4.However,inotherregionsoftheworld,e.g.EasternEurope,water_is_now_mostly_safe_to_drink.
然而,在世界的其他地区,如东欧,水一般是可以安全饮用的。
[归纳拓展]
本句中的waterisnowmostlysafetodrink为固定句
型,本句型可概括为:
主语+be+adj.+动词不定式。
理解本句型时要注意以下几个特点:
(1)意义理解:
主语在不定式方面具有形容词所述特性;
(2)常见于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词。
如hard,difficult,pleasant,easy,comfortable,interesting等。
(3)在意义上动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系;当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,要加适当介词。
(4)不定式在该句型中用主动形式表示被动意义。
(5)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语。
[语境助记]
(1)Thissweaterishardto_wash.
这件毛衣很难洗。
(2)Thelongsentenceisdifficultto_remember.
长句很难记忆。
(3)Hisnewpeniseasyto_write_with.
他的新钢笔很好用。
[题组训练]
(1)单句改错
Ifindthehouseiscomfortabletolive.
在live后加in
(2)Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogoodto_breathe(breathe).
Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.
句式分析:
本句是一个主从复合句,shows后接了两个that引导的宾语从句。
第二个that一般不可省略。
自主翻译:
报告显示:
我们正在进步,但是我们还需要做出更大的努力。
Ⅰ.介、副词填空
1.TheIndexmeasuresacountry’sachievementsinthreeways.
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