届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题试题.docx
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届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题试题.docx
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届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题试题
2022届广州市高三年级调研考试
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enteringadulthoodisanimportantstepineveryone'slife.Itmeansthatayoungpersonmustsoonleavechildishnessbehindandstarttoshouldergrown-upresponsibilities.
InGermany,“Jugendfeier”isacoming-of-ageceremonyfor14-year-olds.Theygotoschooltopreparefortheoccasion,studyingtopics,suchasculturalrespectandsocialresponsibility,whichwillhelpthembecomeworthycitizens.Thehopeisthattheyoungpeopletakingpartintheceremonywilltakeonthesevaluesforthemselves.
InLatinAmerica,“quinceanera”isacelebrationforgirlsontheir15thbirthday,markingagirl’sentryintowomanhood.Inthepast,“quinceanera”wasintendedtoreadygirlsformarriageandtheyweretaughtcooking,sewing,andotherhouseholdskillsinpreparation.Today,it'ssimilartohowone's18thbirthdayisconsideredanimportantdayinothercultures.
InIndia,thesacredthreadceremonyisperformedwhenaboyisgrown-up.Heisgiventhreesacredthreadsrepresentingthreepromiseshemakes:
torespectknowledge,torespecthisparentsandtorespectsociety.Aftertheceremony,thechild,traditionally,leaveshisfamilytolivewithaGuru(teacher).Atthispointtheboybecomes"twice-born"---firsthisphysicalbirth,andsecondhisintellectualbirththroughateacher'scare.
InVanuatu,youngboyscomeofagebyjumpingoffa98-foot-talltowerwithabungee-likeropetiedtotheirankles,justbarelypreventingthemfromhittingtheground.Attheceremony,thediver'smotherwillholdsomethingrepresentinghischildhood,andafterthejumptheitemwillbethrownaway,representingtheendofchildhood.Heisnowaman,readytoprotectthefamily
21.Whatisthesharedexpectationofthefourcoming-of-ageceremonies?
A.Havingrespectforknowledge
B.Gettingreadytoraiseafamily
CAcquiringcross-culturalawareness
D.Developingasenseofresponsibility
22.WhichappmightappealtopeopleenteringadulthoodinGermany?
A.
B.
C.
D.
23.Inwhichplacearethingswithspecialmeaningsgiventotheyoungattendants?
A.Germany.B.LatinAmericaC.IndiaD.Vanuatu.
B
TodMorganwasbornblind,mentallychallenged,andautistic.Sohecouldn'tsee,hecouldnotlearnlikeotherchildren,andhedidn'tinteractwithpeopleverymuch.Hedidnotseemtohavemuchofachance.Then,whenhewastwoyearsold,hebegantoplaylittlesongsonhistinytoypiano.Hecouldplayperfectlysomeofthechildren'stuneshehadheard.
Today,Todworksasaprofessionalpianist.Heplaysjazz,Broadwaysongs,andclassicalpieces.Afterhearingatune,hecanimitateitalmostperfectlythefirsttimeheplaysit.Hedoesn'tonlyimitate;Todiscreativetoo.Hecanchangeaclassicalpiecetoajazz,ajazztoapolka,andapolkatoawaltz.Inadditiontothep1ano,Todplays13otherinstrumentsandalsosings.Tod'slistofmusicalheroesincludesLouisArmstrong,Mozart,andBeethoven.Howcanthisbe?
Howcansuchaseverelychallengedpersonbesomusicallytalented?
Todhaswhatiscalled“savantsyndrome''---aconditioninwhichamentallychallengedpersonhasatightlydevelopedtalentofaspecifickind.Savantsyndromeisamysterytomedicalresearchers.OnepersonwhoisstudyingsavantsyndromeisDr.DavidBrighton.HesaysthathehasneverseenamusicalsavantlikeTod.Mostmusicalsavantsarelimitedtosimplyrepeatingtunestheyhear.Dr.BrightonpointsoutthatTod'sabilitytocomeupwithhisowntunesisagiantstepbeyondmemorization.
AsforTod,afterstudyingjazzpianoattheMusicSchoolatRiversinMassachusetts,heattendedandgraduatedfromthefamousBerkleeCollegeofMusicinBoston.Todisencouragedbyhisparentsasheperformsallovertheworld,appearingonTVandradioshows.
24.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatTod“didnotseemtohavemuchofachance"?
A.Todwasnotlikelytobecompletelycured.
B.Tod'schancesofsuccessinlifeweresmall.
C.Tod'sabilitytolearnmusicwasverylimited.
D.Todwouldhavefewopportunitiestomeetothers.
25.Apersonwithsavantsyndromeis.
A.mentallydisabledbutspeciallygifted
B.sociallyinactivebutmusicallytalented
C.physicallydisabledbuthighlyintelligent
D.psychologicallychallengedbutphysicallygifted
26.WhatdistinguishesTodfrommostmusicalsavants?
A.Hismemory.B.Hiscreativity.
B.Hissociability.D.Hislearningspeed.
27.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?
A.Todisatypicalcaseofaseriousdisease.
B.FamilysupportisvitaltoTod'srecovery.
C.MusicconnectsTodtotheworldaroundhim.
D.Musiceducationisacuretothementallydisabled.
C
Videoconferencinghasbeenaroundformorethan20years.UntiltheCovid-19pandemic,though,youwouldfindthatmanypeopleneedingtoattendameetingremotelywouldbecallingfromarealconferenceroomfulloftheirteammates.Today,we'reroutinelyholdingvideoconferencesthatare100%virtual(虚拟).Andthisiscreatingaproblemthattechnologycan'tfix.
Theproblemisus,specificallythefactthatwehaven'tevolvedsociallytothepointwherewecanbearmuchseparation.Somuchofourwell-beingandworkproductivityisdecidedonhowclosewearephysically.Theremovalofthatforanyperiodoftimecanbeseverelydamaging.Onesurprisingvictimofsocialdistancingislaughter
Normallypeoplelaughabout18timesperday.And97%ofthattimewe'relaughingwithothers-weare30timesmorelikelytolaughwithothersthantolaughalone.Thinkaboutit:
howoftenwhenyouandyourfriendslaughatsomething,isthatsomethingactuallyfunny?
Researchshowsthat80%ofwhatpeoplelaughatisreallynotthatfunny.
Sowhydopeoplelaugh?
Theylaughinordertolaughwithothers.Justaseveryonestartsyawning(打哈欠)whenjustonepersonyawns,mostpeoplecan'thelpbutlaughwhenthosearoundthemdo.ThisiswhyTVcomedyshowsoftenuseprerecordedlaughtracks.
Laughinginresponsetootherpeople'slaughingisnotjustabehavioralphenomenon.Whenwelaugh,ourbodyproducestwokeychemicals:
endorphinwhichhelpsrelievepainandsetsofffeelingsofpleasure,anddopaminewhichcanimprovelearning,motivationandattention.Infact,studiesshowthatpeoplecanstand15%morepainsimplybylaughingforafewminutesbeforehand.Laughterisalsoassociatedwithhighermotivationandproductivityatwork.
Intoday'shome-alone,virtual-teamworld,thisisexactlywhatyouasateamleadershouldbedoing:
foryourteammemberstostayhealthyandproductive,youneedtogetthemtolaughmoreandstressless.
28.Whatistheproblemmentionedatthestartofthetext?
A.Physicalweakness.B.Lackoftechnology.
C.Socialdistancing.D.Relianceorvirtualconference.
29.Theunderlinedword“This”inparagraph4referstothefactthat
A.laughtracksarepopularB.laughingisuncontrollable
C.laughingstartswithyawningD.laughingcomesmoreeasilyingroups
30.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Whylaughingisimportanttowork.
B.Howlaughingkeepsusphysicallyhealthy.
C.Whetherlaughingisabehavioralphenomenon.
D.Whatchemicalsourbodyproduceswhenwelaugh
31.Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?
A.Concretestepstoproducelaughterinateam.
B.Otherfactorsthatmayinfluenceateam'shealth.
C.Waystotelltherealworldfromthevirtualworld.
D.Theimportanceofmaintainingworkproductivity.
D
Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep,listenup.Youmightfallasleep15minutesearlierandwakeupfarlessduringthenightifyouputonapairofsocksatbedtime.
Tounderstandwhy,youfirstneedtograsptherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep.Duringdaylighthours,thehumanbodyhasanaveragetemperatureof37℃.Butyourcorebodytemperaturedropsasmuchas1.2℃overonenight'ssleep.Thisgradualdecreaseisakeypartofhowwesleep.Putsimply,thefasteryoucanloweryourcorebodytemperature,thefasteryouwillfallasleep.
Onewaythatyourbodycontrolsitstemperatureisthroughbloodvessels(血管)intheskin.Ifyourbodyistoohot,yourbloodvesselswiden,pushingthewarmerbloodnearertheskin'ssurface,helpingittocool.Ifyourbodyistoocold,theoppositehappens.Yourbloodvesselsnarrow,restrictingtheflowofbloodtothesurface.
Thepalmsofyourfeetareoneofyourbody'smostefficientheatexchangers,sincetheyarehairlessandlessprotectedthanotherskinsurfaces.Researchershaveshownthatwarmingthefeetbeforegoingtosleepusingawarmfootbathorbywearingsockspromotesbloodvesselwidening.whichinturnlowersthebody'scoretemperaturefasterthangoingtosleepwithcold,barefeet.
Scientistssuspectthatsockedfeethaveasleep-benefitingeffectonthebrainaswell.Thewarm-sensitiveneurons(神经元)inthebrainbecomemoreactivewhenthere'satemperaturedifferencebetweenthebody'scoreandthefeet.Researchershavefoundthattheseneuronsbecomemoreactiveaswegetsleepyandslowdownaswewakeup,sothatwarmingupthefeetbeforebedtimemaygivethemanextradrive,makingyoufeelsleepier.
Inasmallstudy,researchersfoundthatwearingapairofspecial“sleepingsocks"notonlyspedupthecomingofsleep,butincreasedoverallsleeptimebyanaverageof30minutesandcutnighttimewakingepisodesinhalf.Ifyou'reworriedaboutbecomingtoowarm,lookforsocksmadeofnaturalfibers.
32.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthistext?
A.Advertisement.B.Lifestyle.C.Opinion.D.Trend.
33.Whatchangedoeswarmfeetbringtothebody?
A.Slowedbrainreaction.B.Narrowedbloodvessels.
C.Reducedcorebodytemperature.D.Decre
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