山西省运城市芮城县学年高二下学期期末调研测试英语试题.docx
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山西省运城市芮城县学年高二下学期期末调研测试英语试题.docx
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山西省运城市芮城县学年高二下学期期末调研测试英语试题
山西省运城市芮城县2020-2021学年高二下学期期末调研测试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
NewScientistLive
Whatisit?
NewScientistLiveistheworld’sgreatestsciencefestival,whichhaswongoldinthe“eventoftheyear”categoryattheBritishMediaAwardsthreeyearsinarow.Thisyear’seventwillrunattheExCelCenterinLondonfrom10to13October,featuringover140talksandahugerangeofinteractiveexperiences,workshopsandperformances.
Whoarethespeakers?
ThemainstagelineupfeaturessuchamazingnamesasLeeBerger,thediscovererofourancienthumanrelativesHomoNaledi,biologicalanthropologistAliceRoberts,theAstronomerRoyalMartinRees,andChristianaFigueres,wholedtheUnitedNationsclimatenegotiationsfrom2012to2016.
Thenthereare5morestageswithdifferentthemes:
universe,humans,Earth,technologyandengineering.Hereyou’llfindarchitectRomaAgrawal,geneticistGilesYeo,oceanexplorerJonCopley,engineerMarkMiodownikandmanymore.Plus,youcanseeTVstarslikeKonnieHuqandMaddieMoateonourperformancestage.
Whatelseisgoingon?
Ontopofthat,there’reover150exhibitsincludingavirtualrealityrollercoaster,rocketbuilding,theoperatingroomofthefuture,andahugemooninstallation.
Canschoolgroupscome?
Absolutely—wehaveschools’ticketsavailableonThursday10andFriday11October.OnThursdaywehaveaspecialschools’programwithdedicatedcontentaroundthecurriculum.
CanIcomejustfortheevening?
Yes—OnFriday11October,we’reopenuntil9pm.Fridaynightticketsallowaccessfrom5pmonwardsfordrinks,discussionsandafter-darkentertainment,likeJuliaShaw’stalkonthescienceofevil.
HowcanIgettickets?
HeadovertotheNewScientistLivewebsite—you’llfindmuchmoreinformationthereaboutwhat’sonandhowtogetthere.
1.Howcanyoubenefitfromtheevent?
A.Makefriendswithmanyvisitorspresent
B.Havechancestointerviewmanyfamousstars
C.Learnaboutdifferentfieldsofscientificknowledge
D.Developspecialhabitsofmakingscientificdiscoveries
2.Whatdoyouhavetodotoattendthefestival?
A.Buyaticketonline
B.Joinaschoolgroup
C.Makeanappointmentwiththespeakers
D.ArriveattheExCelCenterinadvance
3.WhencanyoulistentoJuliaShaw’spresentation?
A.OnOct10B.OnOct11
C.OnOct12D.OnOct13
Onanafternoonin2014inDenmark,DecanAndersensawababyredsquirrelfallfromhisapartmentbuildingandlandinthemiddleofhisgarden,injuredandbleeding.Althoughconcerned,Andersenleftthesquirrelaloneandwentinside,thinkingthatthemotherwouldcomeandrescuehim.
Butwhenthatdidn’thappen,the37-year-oldformertelevisionsalesmanknewwhathehadtodo.Hebroughtthefurrybabybackandgotintouchwithwildlifeofficialsforadvice.Andwhilehewasonthephone,astrangethinghappened:
HiscatCoco’smotherlyinstinctstookhold,washinghimwithhistongueandwarminghimup.Later,afteraveterinarian(兽医)haddressedthesquirrel’swounds,Andersenmadehisnewhousematesometinysweatersandsockstopreventhimfromscratchinghiswounds.
ThenTintin---namedafterthemoviehischildrenwerewatching,“TheAdventureofTintin”---gotsousedtohiscozyhomelifeduringhisconvalescencethatthefamilysoonrealizedtheycouldn’treleasehimbackintothewild,especiallysincehenowhadnofearofcats!
FeedinghimkittenmilkfromabottleuntilTintingrewstrongenoughtocracknutsonhisown,AndersenreceivedspecialpermissionfromDanishWildlifePreservationofficialstokeeptheredsquirrel,sincetheyareconsideredendangeredinDenmarkandseveralothercountries.
Usingalittleharness(甲胄)andleash(安全绳)toprotectTintinfromthedogs,eaglesandcatsthatweren’tastolerantofsquirrelsasCoco,Andersenbegantakinghislittlepeteverywherehewent,documentingtheiradventuresonFacebookandInstagram,wheretheynowhavealmost40,0000followers.
“Withsomuchnegativityintheworld,Ithoughtitcouldhelpliftpeopleup,”Andersensaid.“Mostpeoplewhomeetusfeelamazedandwanttoknowmore.Hemakespeopleforgetabouttheirtroublesforamomentsotheycanlaughandsmile.He’scertainlybroughtlightandenjoymenttomeandmyfamily.Wehaveaspecialbondandareprettymuchtogether,24/7.”
4.HowdidAndersenrespondtotheinjuredsquirrelatfirst?
A.Heleftitasitwas
B.Hecalledwildlifeofficials
C.Hewenttorescueitrightaway
D.Hehidhimselfinhisapartment
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convalescence”inparagraph3mean?
A.ImmigrationB.Catastrophe
C.RecoveryD.Survival
6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutredsquirrelinthepassage?
A.TheyareuncommoninDenmark
B.Itisgenerallyforbiddentokeepthem
C.Itishardforthemtocoexistwithhumans
D.Theycankeepongoodtermswithwildcats
7.WhatdoesAndersenthinkoftherelationshipwithTintin?
A.ItisannoyingB.Itisdiscouraging
C.ItissolidD.Itisuplifting
Sleep,consideredasaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson’swell-being.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson’sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity,highbloodsugarlevelsandheartdisease.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.
JefferyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-worndevices,whichtrackaperson’sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievements.
WhileGross’sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingthedata,theynoticedalinear(线性的)relationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepthestudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse’s11quizzes,threemidtermtestsandthefinalexam.
Evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforethetest.Instead,it’sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.
Whenstudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewenttobedintheearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameashigher-performingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters,”Grosssays.“Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepfor7hours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartedtogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours’sleep.So,quantityisn’teverything.”
Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents’grades.Theoverallcoursegradesofstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly,studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.
WhoknowsgettingstraightA’sjustrequiredsomeextrasleep?
8.Basedonhisoriginalobjective,whichbestdescribesProfessorGross’sresearchfindings?
A.AccidentalB.Complete
C.ConvincingD.Doubtful
9.Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?
A.Middleschoolchemistrystudents
B.ProfessorGross’sownstudents
C.Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities
D.Universitystudentathletes
10.HowdidProfessorGross’steammeasurestudents’academicperformance?
A.Makingthestudentswearspecialwatches
B.Usingstudents’universityentrancetestresults
C.Givingthestudentsregularquizzesafterclass
D.Usingthestudents’normaltestandquizgrades
11.Basedonthestudy’sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically?
A.Astudentwhohasagoodnight’ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.
B.Astudentwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.
C.Astudentwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.
D.Astudentwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.
Everyyear,littleblack-and-whitebirdscalledpiedflycatchers(斑姬鹟)travelfromsub-SaharanAfricatonorthernEuropetofeastoncaterpillars(毛毛虫),claimanest,andhavebabies.Andtheyflybackafewmonthslater.Butrecently,someflycatchershavearrivedonlytofindtheirnestingsitesoccupiedbygreattits(大山雀).Andthosebirdsdon’tjustchaseflycatchersaway—theyattackthem,killthem,andeattheirbrains.
GreattitsliveinEuropeanforestsallyearround.Flycatchersareregularvacationers.Sincethe1980s,flycatchers’reproductiveseasonhasbeeninchingupearlierinthemonthofApril.Warmspringtemperatureshavecausedcaterpillarpopulationstoboom.Toadapttothat,flycatchersarriveabitearlier,too.Thatwon’tbetoobigaproblem.Butnow,titsdelaytheirbreedingperiodabitinApril,sotheyoverlapwiththeflycatchers,andviolencebegins.
Moreover,there’slimitednestingspaceinmanyofthesebirds’favoriteforests—thetreescanbequiteyoungandhaveveryfewtreeholeswherebirdscannest.Volunteersandacademicshaveplacednestboxestohelp.Butwithclimatechange,birds’breedingschedulesgettingcloser,therearen’tenoughnestboxestogoaround.Unfriendlyhosts—thetits,eattheirbrains.
“Greattitsaresuperiorcompetitorswhenitcomesdowntoafight,”saidJelmerSamplonius,leadauthorofastudy.“Peopleseeitasacutegardenbird,butsomeofthemhavearealangermanagementproblem.”Luckily,themurderedbirdswereoftensurplusmalesthatarrivelate.Thedeathshaven’thadabigimpactonthepopulationbecausethoselatemalesprobablywon’thavehadba
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