中考英语专题并列句与复合从句知识梳理.docx
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中考英语专题并列句与复合从句知识梳理.docx
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中考英语专题并列句与复合从句知识梳理
专题 并列句与三大复合句
【思维导图】
考查频次:
并列句★★★★
状语从句★★★★★ 宾语从句★★★★★ 定语从句★★★★★
用法精讲
一、并列句与状语从句
(一)并列连词及并列句
定义:
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫作并列句。
句式结构为:
简单句+(,)并列连词(and/but/or/so)+简单句
分类
并列连词
例句
表示同等、平行或承接关系
and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...,as well as
He helps me and he also helps others.
He can neither speak nor write English.
表示转、折关系
but,yet, while
He is young,but he knows a lot.
表示选、择关系
or,either...or...
You can either watch TV or go to bed.
表示因、果关系
so,for
They must be friends,for they are always together.
(二)状语从句
定义:
状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
句式结构:
从属连词+从句,主句。
或主句+引导词+从句。
类型:
初中要求掌握的有以下六种:
状语从句类型
引导词
例句
时间状语从句
when(当..的时候);
≈while(+doing);
before与after;
现在完成时+since+过去时;
till与(not...)until直到...才;
assoonas与once
AssoonasIgettoBeijing,Iwillcallyou.
Wewerehavingdinnerwhensomeoneknockedonthedoor
原因状语从句
because;since(既然);so
Hefailedtheexambecausehedidn’tprepareforit.
条件状语从句
if;unless(=ifnot);
as/solongas只要
Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgoshopping.
Youwon’tpasstheexamunlessyouworkhard.
目的状语从句
sothat(以便);inorderthat;(从句中一般含有can,may等情态动词)
Heworkedhardsothathecouldsupporthisfamily.
结果状语从句
so…..that;such…..that
如此...以致
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepverysoon.
Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthateveryonelikesher.
让步状语从句
although;though;虽然
evenif/though;即使
whetherAorB无论A还是B
Althoughitwasdark,theworkerskeptonworking.
2).易错点:
1.一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,即是:
“主将从现”。
常见连词:
assoonas;when;until;if;unless
IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
2.让步状语从句中,although;though;eventhough;evenif不能与but连用;原因状语从句中,because不能与so连用。
3.结果状语从句中,so…..that中so后接形容词或副词;such…..that中such后接名词或名词短语;但当名词前出现“many,much,little,few”“多多少少”时,只能用so。
4.时间状语从句中,while后的从句只能用延续性动词,when后的从句可以用短暂性动词也可以用延续性动词。
5.从句:
通常“连词+句子”
单句短文填空
1.Makeupyourmind,youwillmissthevaluablechance.
Givemeachance,________I'llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.
2.Mymotherwantstodecorateourroomsinamodemlook_______myfatherprefersatraditionalstyle.
3.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,_______itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatoindependent.
4.Heisashyman,_________heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.
5.Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,_________plantscanspreadtonewplaces.
课后巩固练习
单项选择
()1.itwaslate,shestillturnedontheTVandenjoyedtheprograms.
A.BecauseB.ThoughC.SinceD.When
()2.Weleftlate,wedidn’tcatchthetrain.
A.soB.becauseC.butD.though
()3.Theboyisclever,,heoftenmakesmistakesbecausehe’scareless.
A.andB.howeverC.thoughD.but
()4.itwasrainingheavily,hecameontime.
A.Though;butB.Though;/C.But;thoughD.But;/
()5.Iwentintotheclassroom,thestudentsweretalkingaboutthefilm.
A.WhileB.AfterC.WhenD.If
()6.Iwasverythirsty,Iaskedforsomewatertodrink.
A.thanB.forC.soD.as
()7.Iwon’tbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadmagazinesItesthimmyself.
A.ifB.whenC.afterD.until
()8.Theywillbegintheirworktheygetthere.
A.ifB.untilC.assoonasD.before
()9.Idon’tknowifhe.Whenhe,givemybestwishestohim.
A.willcome;willcomeB.willcome;comes
B.C.comes;comesD.comes;willcome
()10.thestudentstheirteacherwatchesthefootballmatchonTV.Theylike
footballsomuch.
A.Notonly;butalsoB.Both;andC.Either;norD.Neither;or
()11.youyourbrothercanjoinus.Wewantoneofyou.
A.Both;andB.Neither;norC.Either;orD.Notonly;butalso
()12.Ispeakslowlyyoucanunderstandme.
A.soB.sothatC.asD.since
()13.Becareful,you’llfallintotheriver.
A.orB.butC.forD.of
()14.Heisalovelyboyweallliketoplaywithhim.
A.so;thatB.too;toC.such;thatD.much;that
()15.wewon’tgotoplayfootballthisafternoontherainstops.
A.afterB.ifC.unlessD.when
()16.Hekeepsontryingthereislittlehope.
A.butB.eventhoughC.becauseD.so
()17.Thepartydidn’tstartalltheguestsarrived.
A.whenB.whileC.afterD.until
()18.Ihatepopmusicverymuch,butmyfathermymotherlikesit.
A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;norD.notonly;butalso
()19.Youshouldmakeagoodplanyoudoanythingimportant.
A.beforeB.afterC.thoughD.until
二、宾语从句与定语从句
(一)宾语从句
定义:
用一个完整的句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句可作主句谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
句式结构:
宾语从句:
主语+谓语+(引导词+句子)
宾语
宾
语
从
句
引
导
词
that
打酱油派(无意义无成分可省略)
Hesaid(that)hecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.
if/whether
纠结派(yesorno)
Alicewantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmotherlikedthebag.
特殊疑问词
个性派(看具体情况选用)
Idon’tknowwhereIcanbuythebooks.
语序
陈述语序
“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”
Iwanttoknowwhatyouweredoingatthattime.
时态
主过从过,主现从任
Ibelievethathewillcometohelpus.
Heknewthathewaswrong.
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