形容词的比较级和最高级.docx
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形容词的比较级和最高级.docx
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形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词的比较级和最高级(TheComparativeandSuperlativeformsofAdjectives)
形容词的级原级:
形容词的原形:
small,good,pretty,big,many
比较级:
表示“更..”两个人或物之间的比较,smaller,better,taller,older,more
最高级:
表示“最..”三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较,smallest,tallest,newest,best
形容词的比较等级规则变化见下表:
单音节和少数多音节的形容词的比较级的变化:
原级
比较级
最高级
一般在词尾加-er/-est
small
young
smaller
younger
smallest
youngest
以e结尾的形容词加-r/-st
nice
large
nicer
larger
nicest
largest
重读闭音节结尾的词,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写该字母,再加-er/-est
big
thin
bigger
thinner
biggest
thinnest
以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er/-est
heavy
happy
heavier
happier
heaviest
happiest
音节或多音节形容词的比较级:
1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级,在原级前加most构成最高级。
beautiful–morebeautiful–mostbeautiful
interesting–moreinteresting–mostinteresting
dangerous–moredangerous–mostdangerous
2、某些单音节形容词,加more,most构成比较级和最高级。
glad–moreglad–mostglad
pleased–morepleased–mostpleased
tired–moretired–mosttired
4、有些双音节和单音节形容词,既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级,也可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。
righthugecalmfreetruefond
不规则形容词的比较级和最高级:
good/well–better–best
bad/ill–worse–worst
little–less–least
many/much–more–most
far–farther/further–farthest/furthest
old–older/elder–oldest/eldest
比较级的用法:
(1)…than…
例子:
汤姆比杰克高.
TomistallerthanJack.
这只箱子要比那只箱子大.
Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.
那些苹果比这些大.
Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.
第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易.
Thefirstquestionisveryeasy,butthesecondoneiseasier.
我的笔比你的多.
3、形容词原级的比较。
形容词的原级与as……as连用表示肯定意思,是“和……一样”的意思;与notas/so……as连用表示否定意义,是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。
例:
Sheisasprettyashermother.她象妈妈一样美丽。
Mybikeisnotas(so)goodasyours.我的自行车不如你的新。
4、形容词比较级的修饰。
much+形容词的比较级……得多
alittle+形容词的比较级……一点
Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone. 这支钢笔比那支好。
Todayisalittlecolderthanyesterday.今天比昨天冷一点。
Thebookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.这本书比那本更有趣点儿。
5、形容词最高级的用法(…in…;…of…)
(形容词最高级一定要有一个比较的范围,形容词最高级前要加the)
例:
那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.
Thegirlwithredhairisthetallestinourclass.
他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.
Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree.
上海是中国最大的城市.
ShanghaiisthelargestinChina.
Moreexamples:
Heistheyoungestofallthechildren.
Thisbookisthemostinterestingofallbooks.
Americaisthemostdevelopedcountryintheworld.
TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.
HeisoneofthegreatestscientistsinChina.
Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.
Lucyisoneofthetallestgirlsinherclass.
Givemybestwishestoyou.
Heismybestfriend.
小学英语常见形容词及比较级、最高级变化一览表
1.在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:
bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightestbroad(广阔的)—broader—broadest
cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapestclean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanest
clever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverestcold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest
cool(凉的)—cooler—coolestdark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest
dear(贵的)—dearer—dearestdeep(深的)—deeper—deepest
fast(迅速的)—faster—fastestfew(少的)—fewer—fewest
great(伟大的)—greater—greatesthard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest
high(高的)—higher—highestkind(善良的)—kinder—kindest
light(轻的)—lighter—lightestlong(长的)—longer—longest
loud(响亮的)—louder—loudestlow(低的)—lower—lowest
near(近的)—nearer—nearestnew(新的)—newer—newest
poor(穷的)—poorer—poorestquick(快的)—quicker—quickest
quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietestrich(富裕的)—richer—richest
short(短的)—shorter—shortestslow(慢的)—slower—slowest
small(小的)—smaller—smallestsmart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest
soft(柔软的)—softer—softeststrong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest
sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetesttall(高的)-taller-tallest
thick(厚的)—thicker—thickestwarm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest
weak(弱的)—weaker—weakestyoung(年轻的)—younger—youngest
2.双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:
big(大的)—bigger—biggestfat(胖的)—fatter—fattest
hot(热的)—hotter—hottestred(红的)—redder—reddest
sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddestthin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest
wet(湿的)—wetter—wettestmad(疯的)—madder—maddest
3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级:
able(能干的)—abler—ablestbrave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest
close(接近的)—closer—closestfine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest
large(巨大的)—larger—largestlate(迟的)—later—latest
nice(好的)—nicer—nicestripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest
rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudestsafe(安全的)—safer—safest
strange(奇怪的)—stranger—strangestwide(宽广的)—wider—widest
wise(睿智的,聪明的)—wiser—wisestwhite(白的)—whiter—whitest
4.以字母y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:
busy(忙碌的)—busier—busiestdirty(脏的)—dirtier—dirtiest
dry(干燥的)—drier—driestearly(早的)—earlier—earliest
easy(容易的)—easier—easiestfriendly(友好的)—friendlier—friendliest
funny(好玩的)—funnier—funniesthappy(开心的)—happier—happiest
healthy(健康的)—healthier—healthiestheavy(重的)—heavier—heaviest
hungry(饿的)—hungrier—hungriestlazy(懒惰的)—lazier—laziest
lucky(幸运的)—luckier—luckiestnaughty(调皮的)—naughtier—naughtiest
noisy(嘈杂的)—noisier—noisiestpretty(美丽的)—prettier—prettiest
silly(傻的)—sillier—silliestspicy(辣的)—spicier—spiciest
thirsty(渴的)—thirstier—thirstiestugly(丑的)—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节、多音节形容词,在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级:
afraid(害怕的)—moreafraid—mostafraid
beautiful(美丽的)—morebeautiful—mostbeautiful
careful(仔细的)—morecareful—mostcareful
cheerful(开心的)—morecheerful—mostcheerful
crowded(拥挤的)—morecrowded—mostcrowded
dangerous(危险的)—moredangerous—mostdangerous
delicious(美味的)—moredelicious—mostdelicious
difficult(困难的)—moredifficult—mostdifficult
exciting(令人兴奋的)—moreexciting—mostexciting
expensive(昂贵的)—moreexpensive—mostexpensive
famous(著名的)—morefamous—mostfamous
frightened(受惊的)—morefrightened—mostfrightened
frightening(令人害怕的)—morefrightening—mostfrightening
hard-working(勤奋的)—morehard-working—mosthard-working
helpful(有帮助的)—morehelpful—mosthelpful
honest(诚实的)—morehonest—mosthonest
important(重要的)—moreimportant—mostimportant
interesting(有趣的)—moreinteresting—mostinteresting
polite(有礼貌的)—morepolite—mostpolite
terrible(可怕的)—moreterrible—mostterrible
tired(累的)—moretired—mosttired
6.不规则变化的形容词:
bad(坏的)—worse—worstfar(远的)—farther—farthest(far—further—furthest)
good(好的)—better—bestill(病的)—worse—worst
little(少的)—less—leastmany(多的)—more—mostmuch(多的)—more—most
old(年老的)—older—oldest(old—elder—eldest)well(好的,身体好的)—better—best
语法,词汇补充练习:
一、写出下列单词的最高级(注意个别全变的单词)
1.hot____2.new________3.clean________
4.high________5.heavy______6.cold_______
7.bad______8.little_________
二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
1.old_____________2.busy_________________
3.thin________________4.many___________________
5.slow_______________6.delicious__________________
三、用适当形式填空:
(than前一定是比较级)
1.Bobis_________(young)thanFredbut__________(tall)thanFred.
2.Yingtianisnotas___________(tall)asYongxian.
3.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbefore.
4.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?
5.--How_________(tall)isSally?
--She's1.55metres_______(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?
--She'sonly1.40metres______(tall).Sheismuch_______(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe_______(short)girlintheclass.
6.Heis______(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)atChineseandheisthe_________(bad)atEnglish.
7.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.
8.Heisoneofthe_______(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.
9.Adictionaryismuch_____(expensive)thanastory-book.
10.Anorangeiaalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.
11.MissChenis______________thanMr.Wang.(popular)
12.Mr.Lin_________________________Mr.Brown.(sad)
13.Thebasketball__________________thebaseball.(big)
14.QuestionA_____________________QuestionB.(important)
15.Arose__________________________________aweed(野草).(beautiful)
16.Torontois___________cityinCanada.(large)
17.Playingcomputergamesis________________ofalltheactivities.(interesting).
18.TheNile(尼罗河)is_________riverintheworld.(long)
19.Goodhealthis______________________(important)thingforone’slife.
20.Takingataxiis_________waytogettotheairport.(easy)
21.Test1is_____________________ofallthetests.(difficult)
22.Heis________thananyotherboyintheclass.(clever)
23.Sheis_______thanalltheotherstudents.(young)
24.Thewindowis________________ofthetwo.(narrow)
25.Whereisthe________bus-stop?
(near)
26.Heisoneof__________________Politicians.(famous)
27.Tomdrivesmuch________________thanJohn.(careful)
28.Thewhitefloweris________(beautiful).Theyellowfloweris_____________(beautiful)thanthewhiteflower.Theredfloweristhe___________ofthethree.
四、选择题
1.Sheis________than________.
A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we
2.Janeis________thanBetty.
A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall
3.Chinais________countryintheworld.
A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest
4.-Whichis____seasoninBeijing?
-Ithinkit'sautumn.
A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest
5.-Whichis__________,thesun,themoonortheearth?
--Ofcourse,themoonis.
A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest
6.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_____nowthanafewyearsago.
A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest
7.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_____thanbefore.
A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest
8.IstudyEnglishas_______asmybrother.
A.hardB.harderC.hardest
9.Whichis_____,abicycleoracomputer?
A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive
10.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.
AlongBlongerCthelongest
11.Sheisthesecond_______studentinourclass.
A.tallB.tallerC.tallest
五、改错(句中画出错误的地方,在横线上更正错误的部分)
1.Heisthinerthanhisbrother.____________
2.Thepenisthemoreexpensiveofallthepens.__________
3
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