文化在英语学习中的重要性.docx
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文化在英语学习中的重要性.docx
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文化在英语学习中的重要性
TheSignificanceoflearningCultureinForeignLanguageLearning
TheThesisforObtainingBAfromSchool
OfForeignLanguageandLiterature,XFU
By
ZhuChang
Supervised
By
A/Prof.LiuXia
June2,2013
Signature
Thethesis“TheSignificanceofLearningCultureinForeignLanguageLearning”byZhuChangwasreviewedandapprovedbyA/Prof.LiuXiaonJune2013,.
Supervisor________________(Signature)
Abstract:
Welearnlanguagetocommunicatewithotherpeople.However,itisnoteasyfornon-nativespeakerstogetasuccessfulcommunicationwithoutnecessaryculturalbackground.Inotherwords,languagehasacloseconnectionwithculture.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Keywords:
communication;language;culture
内容摘要:
我们学习语言是为了和别人交流。
但是非本地居民在缺少文化背景的情况下,是不容易与他人成功交流的。
换句话说,语言和文化密切相关.............................................................................................................................................................。
关键词:
交流;语言;文化
Acknowledgements
ThepaperwascompletedinJune2013,andmanypeoplehavehelpedwithit.HereIwouldparticularlyliketoacknowledgemyrespectablesupervisor,A/Prof.LiuXia,forthevaluableadvicethathehasgiventomeinthewritingofthispaper,inadditiontowhathehastaughtinhisclassonhowtoprepareandwritethepaper.IalsowanttoacknowledgetheteachersinSchoolofForeignLanguageofXiangfanUniversitywhoprovidedmewithrichinformationandgavemegreatencouragement.Besides,myfriendsshouldalsobeacknowledgedfortheirkindandgeneroushelp.
Contents
StrategiesandSkillsforPromotingListeningCompetence
Major:
EnglishEducation
StudentNo.:
2009105259
Name:
ZhuChang
Supervisor:
LiuXia
Abstract:
Welearnlanguagetocommunicatewithotherpeople.However,itisnoteasyfornon-nativespeakerstogetasuccessfulcommunicationwithoutnecessaryculturalbackground.Inotherwords,languagehasacloseconnectionwithculture………………………………....................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..............................................................................................................................................................................
Keywords:
Communication;language;culture
内容摘要:
我们学习语言是为了和别人交流。
但是非本地居民在缺少文化背景的情况下,是不容易与他人成功交流的。
换句话说,语言和文化密切相关…………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………。
关键词:
交流;语言;文化
1.Introduction
WithfurtheraccelerationofthepaceofChina’sopening,ChinesepeopleputmoreandmoreemphasisonEnglishlanguagelearning.ThaneverbeforetheenthusiasmoftheChinesepeoplelearningEnglishismuchhigherandavarietyofEnglisheducationresourcesaremoreabundant.However,manypeopleviewEnglishonlyasatoolandonlytrainlanguageskill,sotheylackEnglishculturaleducation,andtheyignorethedeep-seatedculturalenrichmentofthenurture.
Languageasthekeystoneofculture,iscloselyconnectedwithit(Stern,1989:
102-103).Learningalanguagecannotbeseparatedfromlearningitsculture.Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,weshouldnotonlylearnthepronunciation,vocabularyandgrammar,butalsolearntoseeandthinkabouttheworldasnativespeakersdo.Inotherwords,learningcultureisveryimportantinforeignlanguagelearning
2.Thedefinitionandrelationshipoflanguageandculture
Languageisanindispensablecarrierofculture.Culturefindsabetterrepresentationthroughlanguageuse(Halliday,1970:
405-406).Ajointstudyofthesetwosubjectswilldefinitelybroadenthehorizonofhumanknowledgeingeneralandenrichtheresearchofthesesciencesinparticular.Thiscorrelationhighlightsthepursuitoftherelationshipbetweenthetwoandmakesthispracticesomethingbothfascinatingandchallenging.…….
2.1.Thedefinitionofculture
Concerningculture,oneofthebestearlydefinitionwasgivenbyE.BTaylor(1960:
579),whodefinitioncultureas“thecomplexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,mornal,laws,customersandanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.”Sciencethen,hundredsofdefinitionshaveemergedwiththeboomingofculturestudies.
Ingeneral,theword“culture”seemstohavebeenusedinthefollowingthreecategoriesofreference.
Inthefirstcategory,cultureistechnicallyusedbyethnologistsandhistorianstocoverasociallyinheritedelementinthelifeofhumanbeings,whichcanbematerialandspiritual.Inthiscase,culturepossessesthesameelementsas“civilization”ofhumanbeings,forexample,“humanculture”.
Thesecondapplicationoftheterm“culture”ismorepersonal.Itrefersto“aratheridealofindividualrefinement,builtuponacertaindegreeofassimilatedknowledgeandexperiencebutmadeupchieflyofasetoftypicalreactionthathavethepermitofaclassandofatraditionofstanding.Insuchasense,wehave“culturalmanner”and“culturalman”.
Culturalinthethirdsenseputemphasisonthespiritualpossessionsofagroupratherthanindividuals,forexample,“Chineseculture”.
2.2.Thedefinitionoflanguage
Languageinthispaperrefersto,firstlythelinguisticpoints,whichappearinthetextmaterials,exercisebookswhicharethemainaccesstolanguageinput.Secondly,thepragmaticknowledge,asexplainbySpeechActTheorythatwasoriginatedbyBritishphilosopherJohnAustin.Hethoughtthataspeakermightbeperformingthreeactsstimultaneouslywhenspeaking:
locutionaryact,illocutionaryactandperlouctilonaryact,whichindicatethattheremustbesomeotherintentionsbeyondtheutteranceofthespeakersintheircommunication.
Togivethebarestofdefinition,languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Itisinstrumentalinthatcommunicationbyspeakingorwritingisapurposefulact.Itissocialandconventionalinthatlanguageisasocialsemioticandcommunicationcanonlytakeplaceeffectivelyifalltheusersshareabroadunderstandingofhumaninteractionincludingsuchfactorsasnonverbalcues,motivation,andsocial-culturalroles.Languagelearningandusingaredeterminedbyinterventionofbiological,cognitive,psycho-social,andenvironmentalfactors.Inshort,languagedistinguishesusfromanimalsbecauseitisfarmoresophisticatedthananyanimalcommunicationsyatem.
2.3.Therelationshipoflanguageandculture
Asthecarrierofculture,languagereflectsandoriginatesfromit.
Generally,thestructureofalanguageshouldhavesomeculturalfeaturesandobeysomerulesoflanguageusage.Nida,afamoustranslator,saidthattheroleoflanguagewithinacultureandinfluenceofthecultureonthemeaningsofwordsandidiomsaresopervasivethatscarcelyanytextcanbeadequatelyunderstoodwithoutcarefullyconsiderationofitsculturalbackground.Prof.陈光雷(1992:
119)alsosaidwhenteachingandlearningalanguage,weshouldtakecultureintoconsideration.Asweknow,somewordsarecalledculturallyloadedwords,whichcarrydeepculturalmessage.Suchas“castle”,atypicalculturallyloadedwordcarriestheculturalandhistoricalmessage.CastleisaparticularkindofarchitectureinancientEurope,especiallyinBritain,whichwasinvadedbyothersfrequentlyatthattime.Therefore,themeaningofcastlehasbeyonditself,itloadedthehistoryofinvasionandcanreflectthecharacterofEnglishmenaswell,forthereisasayingthat“anEnglishman’shouseishiscastle”.Actually,themilitarybaseinthepast,orthehousenow,nomatterwhatthecastlerefersto,theyhavesomethingincommonthatitisprincipallytheprivateresidenceofitsownersandnoonecanenterwithoutpermission.
Languageisaparticularcomponentofculture(孙勉志,1997:
334).Firstly,languagepenetratesintoeverylevelofcultureandthelinguisticsysteminterpenetratesallothersystemwithinculture.Secondly,languageisthemostimportantmeansbywhichcultureistransmitted,suchasmusic,drawing,yetonothersystemaresocomprehensiveandpowerfulaslanguage.Furthermore,languageisalsothemostimportantmediumthroughwhichculturecanactivelytransmitted.Lastbutnotleast,“languageisagreatforceofsocialization.Itislargelythroughlanguagesocializationthatanindividualwillacquirethecultureofthepeopleheorsheliveswith.
Cultureisthebaseoflanguage
TheAmericanhumanistSpairconveyhisopinionsinOnCulturethatlanguageownsitsbase.Thatistosay,groupofpeoplecomingfromoneorseveralethnicgroupsspeakthesamelanguage.Thusthislanguagecanpassdownfromgenerationtogeneration.Andmeanwhile,itisalsothereflectionofthetotallycultureoftheirlifeandcustoms(戴炜栋2002:
97).
Withtheviewthatlanguageisaparticularpartofculture,cultureisthebaseoflanguage,wecanseelanguagecanneverbefreefromitsculturalbackground,andthereisnonaturallanguagethatcanbeusedasapureinternationallanguage.Therefore,learningalanguagenaturallyinvolveslearningitsculture.
3.Theinfluenceofcultureonlanguagelearning
InthepastdaysofEnglishteachingandlearning,wehaverealizedinfluenceofnativelanguageontheEnglishlanguagelearningandteaching,butwehavenotrealizedtheinfluenceofculturefactorsonEnglishlanguagelearning.Foralongtimeweonlylaidstressongrammaranddevelopedpurelanguageskills,butdidnotpayattentiontoculturalconsciousness.Therefore,wecannotunderstandthereadingandlisteningmaterialsproperlybecauseofculturedifference,evenwecannotspeakandwriteinaproperway.Generally,foreignerscanputupwithourgrammarmistakesandpronunciationmistakes,buttheyalwaystakeourmistakesaboutculturetoheart,
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- 文化 英语 学习 中的 重要性