押题卷卷02高考英语押题卷全国卷原卷版.docx

押题卷卷02高考英语押题卷全国卷原卷版.docx

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押题卷卷02高考英语押题卷全国卷原卷版

2021年高考英语名师押题卷02（全国卷）

（考试时间：

100分钟试卷满分：

120分）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Readerswilldiscoverexplorers,landmarksandmoreinthefollowingmapsandtravelbooks.

MapsSpecialEdition,₤25

Thisbookwasalreadypopularinourchildren'sareaandhasbeenmadeevenbetterwiththisspecialedition.Thecollectionof68mapstakesyouthrough58countriesandsixcontinents.Itispackedwithillustratedinformation,includingfamoushistoricalfigures,localdishes,somefestivals,landmarks,etc.

MapsoftheUnitedKingdom,₤17.99

Technicallyaimedatchildren,itcontainslotsofinformationandfacts.It'sverywellputtogether,especiallywhenitcomestochoosingthesevenfamouspeoplewithaconnectiontotheirspecialplace.PhilipPullman,forexample,isassociatedwithNorfolk.

HarryPotter'sLondon,₤3.99

HarryPotter'sLondonisamapthatcoversinformationonthreewalkstakeninthebestofthecentralLondonlocationsinthehugelypopularfilms.ThewalkscoverPicadillyCircus,WestminsterBridgeviaTrafailg,andKing'sCrosswithitsfamousPlatform9¾.

UshorneFirstStickerBookFlags,₤5.99

Learntheflagofeverycountryintheworldbyplacingtheflagstickeronthecorrectcountriesonthemaps.Thiscontainsinterestingfactsaboutcountriesandflags.Therearefunquestionsthroughout,including,"SomeAfricanflagshaveadiagonalstrip（对角条纹）.Howmanycanyoufind?

"

1.WhatknowledgedoesMapsSpecialEditioninvolve?

A.World-widepopularfestivals.

B.Thecultureofmanyplaces.

C.Thehistoryof68countries.

D.Differenteditionsofmaps.

2.Theonethatallowsreaderstomatchcountrieswithflagscosts______.

A.₤25.

B.₤17.99.

C.₤3.99.

D.₤5.99.

3.Whomaybethetargetreadersofthemaps?

A.Commonpeople.

B.Geographyteachers.

C.Youngreaders.

D.Mapcollectors.

B

Onesummerduringhighschool,mymomvolunteeredmetohelpGrandparesearchourfamilytree.Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow."You'llbesurprised,"mymompromised,"Familyhistoriescanbeveryinteresting."

Intruth,Grandpadidn'twanttolimitmyworktojustresearch,hopingtoalsopreserveourfamilymemories.He'ddiscoveredacomputerprogramthathelpsdigitallyscanoldpicturesandletterstopreservetheircontentsbeforetheycrumblefromoldage.Grandpawantedmetohelphimconnectthescannerandsetupthecomputerprogram.Ilecouldtypedocumentsandsendemails,buthadneverusedascanner.

Soonafter,Ibecamefascinatedwithmyrelatives'lives.IaskedGrandpatotellthestorybehindeverypictureandletterwescanned.Thestories,whichturnedoutnottobeboringatall,helpedmenotonlyunderstandbutalsorelatetomyrelatives.IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.

Perusingthroughtheirbelongings,IfeltIwasopeningawindowintotheworldofmyrelatives,aworldlongsincegone.GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.Iturnedthepagesofmygreat-grandmother'srecipebookandcouldpicturehercookinginherkitchen.Allofthepeoplewhohadbeenmerelynamestomenowhadfacestomatch.

Later,Grandpaadmitted,"Iprobablycouldhavedonethisprojectmyself.Ijustwantedsomeonetoshareitwith."Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstimpressionofresearch?

A.Delightful.

B.Tiresome.

C.Surprising.

D.Interesting

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"crumble"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Cometolife.

B.Tearapart.

C.Falltopieces.

D.Breakthrough.

6.WhydidGrandpagivetheauthorachest?

A.Toshowhimabundleofletters.

B.Tokeephimawayfromboredom.

C.Togivehimsomethingtosortout.

D.Tofulfillhisdesiretoknowmore.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrandpafromthepassage?

A.Heusedtoserveinthearmy.

B.Heknewnothingaboutcomputer.

C.Heburiedthelettersundergunpowder.

D.Helovedsharingwhathehadwithothers.

C

Plastic,adurablematerial,isprobablythedefinitive20thcentury"mod-con".Ithasprovedattractivetoconsumersandmanufacturers.Butthetide,nowpackedwithanadditional8milliontonsofplasticenteringtheoceansannually,isslowlyturning.

ThescaleoftheenvironmentalproblemwithplasticwasteisastonishingMorethan6.3billiontonsofplasticwastehasbeenproducedsincethe1950s,morethanhalfofwhichwasproducedinthepast16years,andplasticproductionisexpectedtodoubleagaininthenext20years.Despitehigherrecyclingrates,largeamountsofplasticleakintotheenvironment.Estimatessuggesttherewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheseaby2050andthereisevidencethatitispresentthroughoutthehumanfoodchain.Anecologicallyandtechnologicallysuperiorreplacementformanyusesofplasticislongoverdue.

Consumershavebecomekeenrecyclers.Yetthisisnotasgoodanoutcomeasitseems.Evenwhenplasticsarerecyclableandputinarecyclingbin,themajoritystillendsupinlandfill,causinghugeemissionproblems,orendsupinthesea.

Recyclingisacomplex,expensive,low-profitbusiness.Itismadeharderbecause,although95percentofpeopleintheUSandEUmarketsrecycle,onlyabout30percentrecyclecarefullyenoughforittobeusable.

Nevertheless,growingdemandforalternativestoplasticisrunningaheadofthescientificbreakthroughs.Theseareneededtoensuretheenvironmentalimpactofreplacingitisanetpositive.Onepopularproposal—usingpaperinsteadofplasticifpossible—howevercouldexacerbatesglobalwarming,amorepressingproblem.

Havingturnedconsumersintokeenrecyclers,governmentsmustensurerecyclingwork.Thiswillrequireaninternationallyjoined-upregulatory,environmentthatensuresmanufacturersbearthecostofusingnon-recyclableoruneconomicalmaterials.

Equally,consumersshouldcontinuetodemandacircularplasticeconomy.Thiswouldbeaworldinwhichunnecessaryandeco-unfriendlyplasticiscompletelyremoved,allplasticpackagingis100percentreusableorrecyclable.Thewastemustend.

8.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellusabout?

A.Plasticproduction.

B.Lifechain.

C.Materialsubstitution.

D.Plasticproblem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbate"inthefifthparagraphmean?

A.Affect.

B.Better

C.Remove

D.Worsen.

10.Whatwillmanufactureshavetodowithoutusingrecyclablematerials?

A.Payfortheoutcome.

B.Refundtheconsumers.

C.Abandontheirproducts.

D.Providetherecyclingstuff.

11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toinformusoftheplasticproblem.

B.To

praiseconsumers'senseofresponsibility.

C.Tosuggestthereisalongwaysolvingtheplasticproblem.

D.Toindicatemanufacturersshouldcreateasaferenvironment

D

Sometermite（白蚁）specieshavefiguredouthowtoenjoytheshelterofthehugecomplexneststhattheinsectsbuildwithoutcontributingtotheirconstruction.Theyavoidthefullangeroftheirbuilderhostsbybeingextremelyeasy-going.

Animalsthatliveinthenestsofanotherspecieswithoutaffectingthemareknownasinquilines.Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.Untilnow,ithasbeenunclearhowthetwopartieskeptpeacefulinsuchtightquartersbecausetermitesaretypicallyveryaggressivetowardsoutsiders.

HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster'snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant（房客）termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospeciesreactedtoeachother.

Rightfromthestart,theinquiline'termitesmovedaroundlessthantheirhostsandinteractedlittlewiththem,eveninthemuchnarrowerarea."Manytimes,"saysHugo,"whentwounrelatedgroupsareputtogetherinalimitedspace—suchasanexperimentalarea—theoutcomeisconflictwithlossesfrombothsides."Butthatdidn'thappenhere.Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.

"Wedidnotexpectthattheywouldneverfightback,"saysHugo,notingthattheinquilinesarecapableofprotectingtheirownplacewithmouths."Bypreventingconflictgoingworse,inquilinetermitesmayconsiderablyimprovetheirchancesoflivingtogetherwiththeirhosttermitespeacefully."

"Passivenessdoesnotnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,"sheadds."Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan'cowardice'（儒弱）."

12.Whatisthefeatureoftheinquilinetermites?

A.Theyliveinanothertermitespecies'nests.

B.Theyareaggressivetowardsoutsiders.

C.Theyliketobuildtheirownnests.

D.Theyarecommunicativetenants.

13.Whatdoyoulearnabouttheexperimentinparagraph3?

A.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwospecies.

B.Thefindingsoftheobservation.

C