中外颜色词不同意义的论文开题报告.docx
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中外颜色词不同意义的论文开题报告.docx
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中外颜色词不同意义的论文开题报告
石河子大学
毕业论文开题报告
课题名称:
论中西文化中颜色词的内涵意义
StudyontheConnotativeMeaningsofColorWordsofChineseandWesternCountries
学生姓名:
邓家清
学号:
2009051355
学院:
外国语学院
专业、年级:
英语专业20091
指导教师:
刘凤峨
职称:
副教授
毕业论文(设计)完成时间:
2013年6月9日
AStudyofConnotativeMeaningsofColorWordsin
ChineseandWesternCulture
I.PurposeandSignificance
Asisknowntous,languagenotonlyexpressesfacts,ideas,andeventswhichrepresentsimilarworldknowledgebythepeople,butalsoreflectsthepeople’sattitudes,beliefs,andworldoutlooksetc.Peoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandtheworldaroundthemdifferently,soarethelanguages,whichtheyusetodescribetheirsurroundings.Languagesdifferenormouslyfromonetoanother,andthesedifferencesarerelatedtoimportantdifferencesinthecustomsandbehaviorsandotheraspectsoftheculturesinwhichthoselanguagereside.Inaword,languageisamirrorofculture.Inourdailylife,colorwordsarethecommonillustrationsoftheculturaldifferencesinlanguageuse.InChineseandwesterncultures,colorwordsareusedwidelyinpeople’sdailytimeandinthesamewayinfluencedbycultures.
InordertofurtherunderstandcolorwordsinChineseandwesternculture,itisverynecessarytohaveastudyofcolorwords.Inthispaper,ImainlyexplaindifferentandsimilarphenomenaconcerningtheuseofcolorwordsthroughexamplesandcontrastiveanalysisofconnotativemeaningsofcolorwordsinChineseandwesternculture.SothatIcanhelpEnglishlearnersbetterunderstandtheconnotativemeaningsofcolorwordsindifferentlanguages,andfindthesimilaritiesanddifferences.ThereforetheycaneasilyunderstandthebackgroundknowledgeofculturesofChineseandEnglish,andinthepracticallifetheywillhaveabetterandappropriateapplicationofthecolorwordsintrans-culturalcommunication.
ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturesleadtodifferentunderstandingofcolorwords.Colorwordscontainalotofdeepmeaning,implyingadifferentethnicfeelings.Ifwedonottakeintoaccountstheimpactofculturaldifferences,itisdifficultforustounderstandtheimplicitmeaningsofcolorwords.Thesignificanceofthisthesisistoenablepeoplefromdifferentcountriestohaveabetterunderstandingofcolorwords,inordertoenhancecommunicationskills,avoidconflictsofculturesandstrengthenculturalidentities.
II.LiteratureReview
A.Introduction.
Studyofcolorwordshaslongattractedlinguists’attention.MoreandmoreeffortshavebeenmadeandattentionpaidtostudytheconnotativemeaningsofcolorwordinChineseandwesternculturesandtrytofindthesimilaritiesanddifferencestoenhancelanguagecapabilityofexchangingideasbetweenpeopleofdifferentcountries.Moreandmoreresearchersandlinguistshavebeenworkingoncolorwordsoveryears,andhavetheirachievementsinthisregard.Generallyspeaking,inChineseculture,theconnotativemeaningsofcolorwordsarerelatedtoinfluencesoffeudalsystem,feudalsuperstition,primitivescience,andpooreducation.InEnglishculture,thesymbolicmeaningsofcolorwordsareaffectedbytheWesternnationalityopenness,science,education.Thecolorsareofafewmysterymeanings.Theconnotativemeaningsofcolorwordshavebeenformedinthedevelopmentofsociety.ThustheconnotativemeaningsofcolorsbetweenChinesecultureandwesternculturewillbequitedifferentfromeachother.Inthefollowingpart,IwilllisttheresearchachievementsmadebothinChinaandwesterncountries.
B.Theresearchstatusbothathomeandaboard.
Thestudyofcolorwordshasalonghistory.Manyscholarshavemaderesearchonthecolorwordsandgenerallyformedtheirowntheorieswhichhavebeenacceptedbythefield.GeoffreyLeech,aBritishlinguist,dividethelexicalmeaningintosevenparts,whichincludesconceptualmeaning,connotativemeaning,socialmeaning,affectivemeaningreflectivemeaning,collectivemeaningandthematicmeaning,whichstimulustheresearcherstostudythecolorwordsfromasmanyaspectsaspossible.Theseresearchesincludetheresearchesonthebasiccolorwords,colorwordsandcolorconcepts,thetranslationandthepragmaticmeaningofcolorwords,thesocialandculturalconnotationofcolorwords,etc.Thesebooksorarticleshavegivenverydetailedexplanationoncolorwords.
Inwestcountries,colortermsarepopularinfieldslikephilosophy,physics,psychology,artandsoon.Theoldesttheoryincolorterms’historyisAristotle’sBlackandWhiteTheory,inwhichcolorismadeupofhue,luminosityandsaturation.Atthatperiod,allcolorswerethoughtasdifferentdegreesofmixofwhiteandblack.BlackandWhiteTheorywasendedbyNewtonwhosawsevencolorsofthesunlightthroughprism.Othertheoriesappearedatthesametime,suchasSapir-WhorfHypothesisandCognitiveLinguistics.Inspiteoftherelationshipbetweenthesetheories,theyalladmittedcolorterms’importantpositioninEnglish.
WhatmostinfluencedourChinesetheoriesontheresearchesofcolorwordsaretheviews:
first,BerlinandCayhighlightedtheuniversalityofcognitionabilitiesofhumanbeingandco-workedoutthecriteriontodeterminetheelementarycolorterms.Theythoughtthereare11universalcategorizationsofcolorterms:
white、black、red、green、yellow、blue、brown、purple、pink、orange、grey.Secondly,ConklinandGleesonstudiedoutfromthecharacteristicsoflanguages,andemphasizedthatpeopleofdifferentlanguageshavevariousanddifferedanalysisandexplanationonthesameobjectiveworld.ConklinandGleesonproposedthatlanguagephenomenashouldbeobservedintheculturalenvironmentofthelanguageusers.
Fordecades,thestudiesoncolorwordswerelimitedtothesimplemeaningsofthecolorwords.Noworksshowedtheappliedphenomenaofcolorwords,untilthestudyofcontrastivelinguisticsbeganin1950sabroad.ThebooknamedLinguisticsacrossCultureswrittenbyR.Ladoin1957isthesignofthefoundationofwesterncontrastivelinguistics.Thisbookpresentsafairlynewfieldofappliedlinguisticsandtheanalysisofculture.Namelythecomparisonofanytwolanguagesandcultureswilldiscoveranddescribetheproblemsthatthespeakersofoneofthelanguageswillhaveinthelearningoftheotherlanguage.
InChinathecontrastivestudyofcolorwordsflourishedin1990sandsomeresearchonthestudyofcolorwordshavebeenachieved.Theyareillustratedasfollows.
ThearticlebyLiuYunquan(1987,25-99)illustratesthatdifferentculturesreflectdifferentculturalpsychology,andtheculturalconnotationofcolorwordsaremainlydeterminedbyaperson’sculturalpsychology.Inanotherbook(LiuYunquan,62)Pro.Liuinalexicologicalaspectunderlinedthedefinition、classification、structureandthesemanticmeaningsofcolorwords.HismostsignificantworkisTheColorBeautyofLanguages(LiuYunquan,1998),whichisanindependencemanifestooftheresearchsubjectofcolorwords.
InChapterFiveofGuoZhuzhang’sbook(1993,119),hediscusseshowtotranslatecolorwordsintranslationpractices.Healsomentionsthatcolortermsarewordsindicatingcolors.ColortermsinEnglishcomparedwiththoseinChinese,havesimilaritiesaswellasdissimilarities.Translatorshavetopaymuchattentiontothedissimilaritiesbetweencolortermsintwolanguages,whichmainlyaredeterminedbytheculturalfactorsoftwonations.
ChapterSevenofLanguageandCulture(邓炎昌,刘润青,1989)dealswithcolor.Inthebooktheauthorpointsoutthatcolorsarenotpresentedinthesamewayindifferentlanguages.Howtheyarepresentedhasbeenthesubjectoftheresearchforanumberofyears.Alllanguageshavecolortermsforblack、white,andredisfoundinmostbutnotalllanguages.Thenextcommoncolorsareyellowandgreen,andthenblueandbrown.Somelanguageshavetermsthatseemtobeequivalent,buttheboundariesdifferonwheretoseparateonecolorfromaneighboringoneonthespectrums.
InChapterFourofabook(ShaoZhihong,1987,61),theauthordiscussescolorwordsspecifically.Heconcludesthatthestudyoflinguisticsandanthropologyindicatesthatlanguagesofdifferentnationshavedifferentcategorizationsofcolors,whicharecloselyrelatedwiththemodesoflifeandtheculturalenvironmentofthenation.Theemergencyandthecategorizationsofthecolorwordsisanecessitytostabilizetheculturalenvironment.Asfortheunanimousopinionthatdifferentnationshavesimilarculturalconnotationsofcolorwords,itistheculturalfactorsthatplayaguidingrole.However,languagesofdifferentnationsfrombeginningtoendhavedistinctusagesofcolorwords.
AccordingtoXuXianping(1890,76),weknowthatthedifferencebetweenEnglishandChineselanguageoncolorwordsmarkonemotionalcoloration,politicalapproach,wayofthinkingandnationalculture.Firstly,sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplepreferredandyellow,meanwhileregardwhiteandblackashumbleness.Towesternpeople,bytheactionofChristianism,theyalwaysthinkhighlyofwhitebutabstainfromblackandalsohateyellow.Secondly,colorwordshaveheavypoliticalovertonesinChineseculture.Forexample,redstandsforrevolution,proletariatandsocialism.Whiteandblackrepresentdeath,ruinationandreactionary.Thirdly,Chinesepeopleproceedfromactualconditionswhilewesternpeoplepaymoreattentiontoabstractthinking.Lastbutnotleast,whenexpressnationalculture,Chinesepeopleoftenuseallusionssuchas“DreamoftheRedChamber”“TheBookofSongs”andsoon.WesternpeopleoftenusedramasofWilliamShakespeare
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