河北省安平县安平中学高一英语寒假作业9实验班.docx
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河北省安平县安平中学高一英语寒假作业9实验班.docx
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河北省安平县安平中学高一英语寒假作业9实验班
河北安平中学实验部高一年级英语学科寒假作业
2019年2月10日
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
IsItBadtoCrossYourLegsWhenYouSit?
Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.
AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonthishappensisbecausethebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheart,crossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon'tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butifyousitforlongperiodsoftimeit'simportantthatyoutakenoteofhowlongyouhaveyourlegscrossedfor.Youshouldn'thaveyourlegscrossedformorethan15minutes,andit'simportantthatyougetupandwalkaroundatleastonceeveryhour.
Crossingyourlegscanalsoleadtoneckandbackpain.Ideally,it'sbestforourbodiestositwithourfeetplantedflat,hipwidthapart,onthefloor,butit'snoteasytomaintainperfectposturealldayattheoffice.Whenyousitwithyourlegscrossedyourhipsareinatwistedposition,whichcancauseoneofyourpelvicbonestorotate.Sinceyourpelvicbonesupportsyourneckandspine,thiscancausepressureonyourlowerandmiddlebackandneck.
Youalsomightnoticethatwhenyousitwithyourlegscrossedforlongperiodsoftimeyourfeetandlegsgettinglyorhavethefeelingofbeingasleep.Thisisbecausewhenonelegsitsontopoftheotheritcausespressureontheveinsandnervesinyourlegsandfeet.Itcancausenumbnessand/ortemporaryparalysisinthelegs,ankles,orfeet.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.
Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.
21.Accordingtopara2,wecaninferthat___________
A.it'snobigdealtocrossourlegsforlessthan15minutes.
B.wewillfeeluncomfortableatthemomentwecrossthelegs.
C.weshouldtakeawalkeveryhouraftersittingstill.
D.crossinglegswhilesittingmakesithardertocirculateourblood.
22.Howmanyhealthproblemscanbecausedbycrossinglegsaccordingtothetext?
A.2B3C.4D.5
23.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?
A.①B①C.①D.①
②③②③②③④②③
④⑤④⑤⑤④⑤
B
ColumbusDayhasbeenonAmericancalendarssince1937,whenPresidentFranklinD.RooseveltdeclaredOctober12afederalholidaytohonortheItalianexplorerwho“discovered”theAmericasin1492.However,theholidayhasalwaysbeencontroversial.ManypeoplebelievethatChristopherColumbusshouldnotbegivencreditfor“discovering”thecontinent,sincenativeAmericanshadalreadybeenlivingthereforgenerations.
Besides,theexplorer,smissionwasnotascientific“voyageofdiscovery”,butoneintendedtoconquerthenewland.CriticsmaintainthattheSpanisharmyColumbusbroughtonhissecondvoyage,causedthedeathsofhundredsofthousandsofindigenous(土著的)people.Thosethatsurvivedthemassacrebecameslaves,workinginmines.Many,therefore,believethattheexplorer'sarrivalshouldnotbecelebrated.
In1977,adelegationofNativenationsattheInternationalConferenceonDiscriminationAgainstIndigenousPopulationsintheAmericas,proposedrenamingtheholidayto“IndigenousPeople’sDay”.Theproposalpassedwithamajority.
However,convincingtherestofthecountrytodothesamewasnotthateasy.Ittook15yearsbeforethecityofBerkeleyinCaliforniaadoptedthenamein1992andthen22moreyearsbeforeMinneapolis,MNandSeattle,WAdidthesamein2014.Thefollowingyear,eightmorecitiesincludingAlbuquerque,NMandPortland,OR,begancelebratingthesecondMondayofOctoberas“IndigenousPeople’sDay”.Themovementreallystartedtogainmomentumin2016when19cities,includingBoulder,COandPhoenix,AZ,aswellasthestatesofMinnesotaandVermont,a11decidedtorenamethedaytohonorNativeAmericans.In2017,21morecities,includingAustin,TXandLosAngeles,CAhavemadetheshih.
WiththeincreasinglylargernumberofcitiesmovingawayfromColumbusDayeachyear,itwillbeinterestingtoseeif“IndigenousPeople’sDay”getsfederalrecognition.Meanwhile,itwillcontinuetobethefocalpointofdebatesthroughouttheAmericas.
24.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.IndigenousPeople’sDayHasGotFederalRecognitionafterYears’Work
B.ColumbusDayHonoringtheItalianExplorerHasAlwaysBeenControversial
C.ChristopherColumbusShouldNotBeGivenCreditforDiscoveringAmericas
D.MoreCitiesHaveReplacedColumbusDaywithIndigenousPeople’sDay
25.Manypeopledon’tagreethat________.
A.Indigenousdiscoveredthecontinent
B.Columbuswasaremarkableexplorer
C.NativeAmericanswereabused
D.ColumbusDayisapublicholiday
26.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?
A.Columbuswaswellreceivedbyindigenouspeople.
B.TheindigenouspeoplehatedtheColumbus’arrival.
C.TheSpanisharmyrebelledagainstColumbus’rule.
D.FewsoldierssurvivedtheattackbynativeAmericans.
27.WhichofthefollowingcitiesistheearliesttoreplaceColumbusDaywithIndigenousPeople’sDay?
A.Portland.B.Phoenix.C.Seattle.D.LosAngeles.
C
Recently,Google announced thatitsvoice-activatedprogram,GoogleAssistant,willbeofferinganewfeaturecalled“TellMeSomethingGood.”Userscannowgivethatcommandandreceiveanearfulofpositivenewsstories.What’smore,the NewYorkTimes hasapageonlinecalled“Fixes,”whichfocusesonwhatpeoplearedoingtofightsocialills.AsmediaresearcherKarenMcIntyreofVirginiaCommonwealthUniversityexplains,theseareallpartsofanewsmovementcalled constructivejournalism.
Constructivejournalismisdifferentfrom“feel-goodnews,”likeafiremanrescuingacat.Instead,constructivejournalismoffersamorecompletebutappealingversionofthenews,saysMcIntyre.Inheropinion,besidesfocusingonsolutions,constructivejournalismincludesreportingonthehistoricalandsocialsettingofspecificnewsincidents,usingreliabledatatolookatlonger-termtrends,andavoidinginterviewtechniquesthatcreatedramawithoutincreasingunderstanding.
However,newspapersthriveoneyesonthepage,andeditorsmaybelessinterestedinconstructivejournalismiftheyaren’tconvincedthatit’llattracttheirreaders.WhileMcIntyreacknowledgesthoseconcerns,researchhasshowntheoppositetobetrue.Forexample, onestudy foundparticipantswhoreadanonlinestorythatfocusedonapproachestopovertyspentmoretimeonthepagethanthosereadingasimilarstorywithoutfocusingonsolutions.
Thereismuchwedon’tknowyetabouthowthiskindofjournalismaffectsbehavior.Theresearchisrelativelyyoung,thoughatleast one ofMcIntyre’sstudiesshowedaninterestingresult:
peoplewhoreadinspiringnewsstoriesweremorewillingafterwardstosignupforgenerousactionsrelatedtothestory,suchasdonatingmoneytosupportacausefromthestory.Therefore,sheargues,there’sahungerforthistypeofnews.
28.WhyareGoogleAssistantandFixesmentionedinthefirstparagraph?
A.Tosayhowthenewsmovementworks.
B.Tostresstheimportanceofpositivenews.
C.Toshowwhatconstructivejournalismis.
D.Toleadinthetopicofthewholetext.
29.Constructivejournalismencouragesstoriesthat__________.
A.informpeopleofbigevents.B.aresolution-focused.
C.focusonamazingyou.D.arebasedoninterestingfacts.
30.Howshouldconstructivejournalismstoriesbewritten?
A.Inaseriousway.B.Inahumorousway.
C.Inausualway.D.Inanunderstandableway.
31.Whatmaybetheproblemwithconstructivejournalism?
A.Thatitisn’tappealingtoreaders.B.Thatitisn’teasytocollectandedit.
C.Thatitaddstosomeeditors’concerns.D.Thatitisunavailabletosomereaders.
D
Coldweatherduringwintermonthsmaykeepmanypeoplefromleavinghomeandrunningintheopenair.
However,anewstudyshowsthatthedropintemperatureisagoodreasontorun.Infact,researcherssay,runningincoldweatherhelpsimproveone'sperformance.
Manypeoplesayrunninginthewintercanbedifficult.Tworeasonsarethelowtemperaturesandbitterwinds.Yetmanyrunnersmightfinditeasierthanrunninginhotweather.
Thatcouldbebecauselowertemperaturesreducestressonthebody.Whenyourunincoldweather,yourheartrateandthebody'sdehydration(脱水)levelsarelowerthaninwarmerconditions.Thebodyneedslesswateronacolddaythaninwarmweather.
ThisinformationcomesfromsportsscientistsatSt.Mary’sUniversityinLondon.JohnBrewerisaprofessorofappliedsportscienceatSt.Mary’s.
Forthisstudy,heandotherresearchersputagroupofpeopleintoaroomtheycalledan“environmentalchamber.”Theresearchersthenrecreatedsummerandwinterweatherconditionsintheroom.Thetestsubjectswereaskedtorun10,000metersunderbothconditions.Brewersaysheandhisteamrecordedbiologicalmeasurementsoftherunners.
“We'vegotagroupofsubjectsintotheenvironmentalchamber,we'vechangedtheconditionstoreplicatethesummerorwinterandwe'vegotthemtoruna10kmunderbothofthoseconditionsan
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