新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲.docx
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新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲.docx
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新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
名人演讲稿
WhentheSingaporeteamsuccessfullyclimbedMountEverest(中国称珠穆朗玛峰))in1998,Icheered.IspoketoKhooSweeChiowandhisteam-mateslater.
Theytoldmethattheyclimbedupinstages,fromBaseCamp(探险队等的营地)toCamps1,2,3and4,beforetheymadetheirassaultforthesummit.Theclimbbecamemoredifficultanddangerousthehighertheywent.Theairbecamethinnerandtheslopesteeper.Youhadtobedisciplined,determined,andwellprepared.Andyouhadtohaveluckonyourside.Therecouldbeavalanchesandrockfails,ortheweathercouldchangesuddenly.SweeChiowtoldmethatthemostimportantqualityneededtoclimbMountEverestwasmentalstrength.
TheclimbupMountEverestprovidesavividimageforSingapore''''sownclimbupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment.
SeniorMinisterbroughtSingaporeuptoCamp2--fromlabourintensivetoelectronicsandhighervalue-addedindustries.Inthelast10years,wehaveclimbedhighertoCamp3,withwaferfabs(waferfabrication的口语表达,晶体管加工),chemicals,andfinancialservices.Now,wearemakingourwaytoCamp4,todoIT,lifesciences,andotherknowledge-basedactivities.IfwemakeittoCamp4,wecanthentrytoscalethesummitwherecountriesliketheUS,JapanandSwitzerlandare.
Butletmewarnyou.AsintheMountEverestclimb,thegoingwillgettougherfromhere.Aswegohigherupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment,progresswillbeslower.Wewillnotseethesamehighgrowthratesasinthepast.Wewillhavetoworksmarterandacquiremoresophisticatedcapabilitiestoovercomecomplexchallenges.Wewillbetemptedtorelax.Indeed,someSingaporeanshaveasked:
"DoweneedtobeNumberOneineverything?
"Wewillneedgreatmentalstrengthtocontinuepushingourselvestoexcel.Ifwedonotdoso,othersnowbehinduswillpushusoffthetrack.
Tonight,Iwanttofocusonthisnextstageofoureconomicclimb.
THECURRENTDOWNTURN
Butfirst,letmetouchonthecurrenteconomicdownturn.
WhenImetthemediaearlierthisweek,theytoldmethatSingaporeanswouldexpectmetospeakindetailontheslowdown,andoffersolutions.
IexplainedwhyIdidnotintendtodoso.Wehavealreadydiscussedonmanyoccasionsourshort-termproblems.Iwanttodealwiththelong-termchallenges.Ofgreaterconcerntomearethefundamentalshiftsintheglobaleconomicenvironment,andthefactthatmanyofthejobswhicharelostduringthisslowdown,mightneverreturnafterrecovery.Weneedanewstrategytorespondtothesedevelopments.
Moreover,duringthe1997Asianfinancialcrisis,wehadputinplaceamajorpackageofrebatesandcost-cuttingmeasures.Partsofthisarestillineffect,includingtheCP17cut.Then,inthisyear''''sbudget,RichardHucutcorporateandpersonaltaxes,andgaverebatesonS&Ccharges,rentalsandutilitybills.Recently,GeorgeYeoannouncedanotherpackagetodealwiththecurrenteconomicslowdown.
Letmeassureyouthatiftheslowdowndragson,wehavethemeansandabilitytodomoretohelpyou.Andwewillhelpyou.MyMinistersandIarewatchingtheeconomyveryclosely.Weareworkingoutpossibleadditionalmeasures,justincasetheeconomycontinuestoworsenandweneedtoadministerasecondpackage.
Ourcurrentproblemistheconsequenceofbeingasmall,openeconomy,highlydependentonexternaltradeandforeigninvestment.WhentheUSandothermajoreconomiesweregrowing,wecaughtthestrongwindsandsurgedahead.Nowthatthewindshavedied,ourgrowthhasslowedtoalmostastandstill.Wedonothavealargedomesticmarkettogoagainstchangesinthewindintheexternalenvironment.Wejusthavetocopewiththem.WhattheGovernmentcando,however,istomakesurethattheeconomystayscompetitiveoverthelongterm,andsoftentheimpactofdownturnsonbusinessesandworkersthroughcost-cuttingmeasuresandrebates.
Wearedoingtherightthings,Inarecentsurveyof12AsiancountriesbyPERC,aHongKong-basedrisk-analysisconsultancy,Singaporerankednumberoneforqualityofgovernmentpolicies.PERCreportedthat:
"Singaporeisaposter-boyofhowtopursueeconomicdevelopment...NowthattheeconomyisslowinginresponsetothedownturninelectronicexportstotheUS,the(Singapore)governmentiscomingupwithnewmeasurestobolstergrowth.Yetitisnotpanicking,norisitradicallychangingotherpoliciesthathavebeenasourceofstabilityandfortifiedinvestorconfidence."(AsianIntelligence,July25,2019)
Sodonotloseconfidence.Donotwalkaroundwithyourhead~aningsolow,asifwehavebeendiagnosedwithagravecondition.Wemightbealittleoutofsorts,butitisnotlife-threatening.Whentheglobaleconomyrecovers,sowillwe.Weshouldthereforekeepourspiritsup,andfightoffanygloom.Thereisabiggerbattleafterthis.Wecansucceedonlyifourmoraleishigh.
THELASTTENYEARS
Letusplanthenextstageofoureconomicclimbevenaswedealwiththecurrentslowdown.
Ihadearliergiventhemediaabookletontheprogresswemadeinthe1990s.Acopyhasalsobeengiventoyou.
Thisrecordofourachievementssetsthecurrentdownturninperspective.Thelastfewyearshavebeenvolatile--goodgrowthin1997,sharpdownturnin1998,recoveryin1999,10percentgrowthin2019,andnowanotherdownturn.Buttakingalongerviewoverthelastdecade,wehavemadeconsiderableprogress.
Thisshouldgiveustheconfidencethatwecanclimbhigher.Wehavestrongfundamentals.WehaveatestedteamofexperiencedMinisters,MPs,grassrootsandunionleaders,andcivilservants.Wehavecapablepeopleintheprivatesectorandaunitedpopulation.Andwehavetheresourcestoinvestinnewventuresandcapabilities.
Oureconomygrewfasterinthe90sthaninthe80s,despitethe1997Asianfinancialcrisis(7.7%perannum,asagainst7.3%).Iwasalsoquietlysatisfiedthatwerealisedourvisionofreachingthe1984Swissstandardoflivinglastyear.In1984,wehadsetthisasatargettobeachievedby1999,butwemisseditbyoneyearbecauseofthecrisis.
TheGovernmentdistributedbacktoSingaporeansagoodpartofthewealthgeneratedfromthisstrongeconomicgrowth.Wesharedcloseto$14billionthroughasset-enhancementprogrammesandendowmentfunds.Weinvestedinbetterhealthcare,housingandeducation.Singaporeans''''standardoflivingwentupconsiderably.
Wealsolivenedupthearts,culturalandleisurescene.Twoyearsago,Timemagazinedescribedourcitylifeas"funky".Morerecently,Australia''''sCanberraTimessaidthatSingaporewas"hip"and"cool".
Ahh!
Now,weevenhavefoamparties!
1thoughtfoampartieswereforchildren,but1sawpicturesofadultsenjoyingthemselvestoo.Thatisallright,solongasthemerry-makersprancearoundwiththelightsandtheirclotheson.
Fortunately,wealsohavehigh-browedstufflikeplays,balletsandmusicals.Tonight''''sRallyisheldhereinsteadoftheusualKallangTheatrebecauseIgavewayto"MissSaigon".
BUTTHEREAREGAPS
However,therewerealsoareaswherewecouldhavedonebetter.Iwillmentiononlytwo,justtoremindSingaporeansnottobecomplacent.
Ourservicestandardscanbeimproved.Ournewspaperscarrymanycomplaintsofpoorserviceinourshopsandrestaurants,bytaxi-drivers,andeveninourhospitalsandbanks.
Wecanalsobemoregraciousandconsiderate,athomeandinothercountries.
Forexample,someJohoreanshavedescribedChineseSingaporeansas"haolian"or"show-offs".TheyclaimthatSingaporeanslovetospeedandbeattrafficlightswheninMalaysia;behaveasiftheyare"ABC"or"American-bornChinese";andlovetoshout"verycheap,verycheap!
"whileshopping.
Iwouldaddthatwearetoo''''kiasu''''.Forexample,atbuffets,wepileoystersonourplatesashighasMountEverest.
Ithinkourlessthangraciousbehaviourisbecausewehavebecomeaffluenttooquickly.Oursocialgraceshavenotkeptpacewithourmaterialprogress.Letusbehumble,courteous,andgraciousinourbehaviourandattitude.Letusmakefriendswithourneighbours,especiallyJohoreans.
MORECHALLENGINGENVIRONMENTAHEAD
Thenexttenyearswillbetougherthanthelastten.
Ouroperatingenvironmenthaschangedtremendously.Wearenowinanewphaseofglobaldevelopment.Thereisonlyonepre-eminentworldpower-theUS.Nevertheless,theUScannotignoretherapidemergenceofChina.
US-CHINARELATIONS
Indeed,theUS-Chinarelationshipwillbethedefiningfactoringlobaleconomicsandpoliticsinthecomingdecades.Ifitgoeswrong,Asiawillsuffer.TheUSseestremendousopportunitiesinChina''''seconomicgrowth,butatthesametime,itworriesoverChina''''sgrowingpower.
HowUS-Chinarelationswillevolveisstilltooearlytosay.PresidentGeorgeW.BushspoketoPresidentJiangZemingonthetelephonerecently.AccordingtoPresidentJiang,"AlthoughitwasnotavideophonewhereIcouldseehisfacialexpression,fromhisvoice,IcouldfeelthathewasaPresidentwecandobusinesswith."IhopethatwhenthetwoPresidentsmeetinBeijinginOctober,andseeeachother''''sfacialexpressions,theywillfindthattheycandobusinesswitheachother.
EASTASIA
WithinEastAsia,thereareotherflashpoints.Cross-straitrelationsbetweenChinaandTaiwanaretroubled.ThemomentumofreconciliationbetweenthetwoKoreashavesloweddown.IntheSouthChinaSea,severalcountriesclaimtheatollsandreefsthere.Ifthisleadstoconflict,sealanesofcommunicationsandinternationaltradewillbedisrupted,affectingus.
Theoutlookforourimmediateneighbourhoodalsoremainsuncertain.
IndonesiahasjustelectedanewPresident,thethirdinthreeyearssinceSuhartosteppeddownin1998.
PresidentMegawattiinheritsacountryinwhichpartsarethreateningtobreakaway,andtheeconomyisinagravestate.Indonesiawilltakemanyyearstorecover.
TheMalaysianeconomybouncedbackbrieflyafterthe1997Asianfinancialcrisis.However,internationalinvestorsremainwary.
OthercountriesinAseanarealsofacingvariousdifficulties.
Asaresult,Aseanisatalowpoint.Investorsarenegativeabouttheregion''''sprospects.
Singaporewillfeelkeenlytheeffectofthisuncertaintyintheregion.
THECHINACHALLENGE
Moreover,oureconomyisuncomfortablysandwichedbetweenthedevelopinganddevelopedeconomies.
Manydevelopingeconomiesarefastcatchingupwithusintechnologicalcapability.What''''smore,theyhavemuchlowercostsofproduction.Forexample,ourwagesformanufacturingworkersaremorethan12timesthatinChinaandIndia.OurindustriallandcostsaboutUS$300persquaremetre.InShenzhen,itcostsbelowUS$10.Fortunately,wearenolongercompetinginlow-endmanufacturing,wherelowwagesandlowlandpricesarecritical.
Butstill,Chinaposesabigeconomicchallenge.SomeeconomistsdescribeChinaasan"800-poundtradinggorilla".AHongkongnewspaperaddedthatthisgorillawas"veryhungry".
Intheearly90s,Chinatook20%ofthetotalforeigndirectinvestmentintoEastAsia(excludingJapan),whileAseanabsorbed50%.Today,thenumbersarereversed:
Chinatakesin50%andAsean20%.Chinaisnowdubbedthe"subcontractoroftheworld".
EvenIndiaisbeingfloodedwithcheapbutgoodqualityChinesegoods.SomeIndianmanufacturersarefindingithardtocompete.Sotheyhavedonethenextbestthing.Theystick"MadeinChina"labelsontheirproductstoboostsales.
ButChinawillsoonbemorethanasub-contractor.AJulyarticleinAsiaweekcommentedthat:
"It''''snotaboutcheapstuffanymore.FromPCstochipstosoftwar
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- 新加坡 总理 吴作栋理 国庆 群众 大会 演讲
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