届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案.docx
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届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案.docx
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届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案
一时态
语法精讲1.一般现在时:
①经常性、习惯性的动作②现在的特征状态③普遍真理,客观存在,谚语格言,新闻标题,介绍说明,人物、作品评价等.④现在瞬间(多用于体育报道)
1)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
2)ItneversnowsinGuangzhou.
3)Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.
4)Herecomesthebus.
⑤表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的情况(句中常有表未来的时间状语)即按时刻表规定或难于改变,但限于少数动词begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。
eg.Thetrainleavesat10a.m.SchoolbeginsnextMonday.
⑥在时间或条件状语从句中,多用一般现在时表示将来时。
eg.HewillcometoseeyoubeforeheleavesChina.
注意:
有时从句中有情态动词will,不是指将来,而是一种意愿或客套话。
eg.Ifyouwillwait(=pleasewait)amoment,I’llgoandtellthemanagerthatyouarehere.
⑦表示状态、感觉、感情、从属、心理活动的动词,如be,exist,remain,stay,obtain;hear,see,seem,appear,smell(闻起来),taste,look,sound,feel;love,like,hate,hope,prefer,refuse,want,wish;belongto,contain,have,own,form;believe,doubt,know,remember,think等常用于一般现在时。
eg.
1)YouseewhatImean?
2)Iwantabook.3)Ithinkyouareright.
2.一般过去时:
1)表示过去某时发生的动作,存在的状态(包括习惯性动作);2)在谈到死者的情况时;3)表示过去经常发生的动作,可用usedto或would4)虚拟语气中。
eg.Asweallknow,LuXunwasagreatwriter.
It’shightimethatIwent.
I’dratheryoustayedhere.
IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tgo.
Heusedtocatchfishintheriver,buthedoesn’tnow.
(过去常做,暗含现在不做了)
Theoldmanwouldsitunderthetreeforseveralhours.(过去常做)
3.一般将来时:
表示将要发生的动作或情况。
构成:
(1)will(shall)+do/be意图,想要做(事先未考虑)
(2)begoingto+do/be:
计划好打算做;某事即将发生。
(3)beaboutto+do,(when从句):
正要做某事,(这时某事发生了)。
(4)beto+do/be:
约定好/决定了一定要做或要发生的事。
(5)come,go,arrive,leave,move,start等动词可用进行时表示将来时。
eg.MumiscomingbackformBeijing;Iwillbemeetingheratthestationthisafternoon.
过去将来时:
should+动词原形(第一人称);would+动词原形,等。
4.现在进行时/过去进行时:
Itsmellsterrible;Ithinksomethingisburning.(现在正在进行的动作)
I’mjusthelpingoutbeforethenewsecretarycomeshere.(现阶段正在进行)
Thenaughtyboyisbeingquitequiettoday.(表示一时的状态)
Wearemeetinghimafterthat.(计划安排将来的动作)
Wearewonderingifyoucanlendusahand.(委婉语气)
Iwashopingyou’dcomebacksoon.(委婉语气)
Mumisalwayscomplainingaboutmystudies.(感情色彩)
Thebridgeisunderconstruction/repair.
5.现在完成时:
①动作在说话之前已完成,且对现在有影响(句中无具体时间状语)
eg.HehasgonetotheUnitedStates.HehasbeentotheUSAtwice.
②动作始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去。
常用时间状语如forawhile,since,sofar,now,today,thisweek/month等。
eg.Hehasstudiedfor5years.Hehasstudiedsince1995.NowIhavefinishedmywork.
③用于时间或条件状语从句,强调动作先完成:
I’llgotoyourhomewhenIhavefinishedmyhomework.
Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning,we’llgotothepark.
④短暂性动词如come,go,die,marry,buy,join等的完成时在肯定句中不能与一段
时间连用,但否定句可以。
“他参军3年了”:
Hejoinedthearmyin2001.→Itisthreeyearssincehejoined
thearmy.→Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.→Hehasservedinthearmyforthreeyears.→Hehasbeenanarmymanforthreeyears.
Hehasn’tcomebackhomeforthreeyears.
区别:
Itistwomonthssincehefellill.(短暂性动词。
他病了两个月了。
)
Itistwomonthssincehewasill.(延续性动词。
他病愈已有两个月了。
)
6.过去完成时:
“过去的过去”;句中常用bythen,bytheendoflastyear,before,when等引导的时间状语。
7.现在完成进行时:
某一动作从过去开始,一直进行到现在,可能已经完成;也可能继续下去。
eg.--Sorrytohavecomelate.–-Ihaven’tbeenwaitinglong.(可能已完成)
WehavebeenstudyingEnglishforalmostsixyears.(可能未完成)
二语态
语法精讲1.当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语(vi.Vt.)的形式叫主动语态;当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语(vt.)用被动语态。
被动语态的结构:
1)一般现在时:
Youarerequiredtodothis.
2)一般过去时:
Thestorywastoldbyher.
3)一般将来时:
Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.
4)现在进行时:
Theroadisbeingwidened.
5)过去进行时:
Thenewtoolwasbeingmade.
6)过去完成时:
Hesaidthatworkhadbeenfinished.
7)现在完成时:
Thenovelhasbeenread.
2.一些特殊的被动结构:
1)情态动词的被动结构:
Theproblemmustbesolvedsoon.
2)带非谓语的被动结构:
Theroomisgoingtobepainted.Ihatebeingmadefunof.
3)短语动词的被动结构:
①(不及物)动词+介词:
agreeto,askfor,callfor,laughat,listento,lookafter,operateon,sendfor,talkabout,thinkof.etc.
②(及物)动词+副词:
bringabout,carryout,findout,giveup,handin,makeout,pointout,putaway,turndown,workout,etc.
③动词+副词/名词+介词:
doawaywith,faceupto,giveinto,lookdownupon,makeupfor,putupwith,takecareof,catchsightof,takenoticeof,payattentionto,putanendto,setfire/lightto,takeholdof,keepaneyeon,makeuseof,makeafoolof,etc.
Thebabyislookedaftercarefully.Closeattentionmustbepaidtoit.
Theywillbetaken(good)careof.Goodcarewillbetakenofthem.
4)复合宾语的被动结构:
Tomwasfoundill/lyinginbed/injured/ofgreatvalue/outside.(宾补变为主补)
5)“getdone”结构通常表示①动作的结果②未曾料到的事态③“最后终于”出现的某
种事态:
getburnt,getpaid,getdressed,getmarried,getinjured,getwounded,getrobbed,getfrightened,getexcited,getinterested,etc.
3.系表结构与被动结构的区别:
Theglassisbrokennow.Thebookiswellwritten.(状态。
无动作执行时间或执行者)
TheglasswasbrokenbyTomjustnow.(动作。
有动作时间或执行者)
Thehomeworkremainsuntouched/undone.
4.主动形式表示被动意义:
1)某些动词作谓语:
sell,read,feel,write,wear,wash,open,clean,cook,keep,cut,fill,blow,measure,lock,run,record,begin,shut,etc.
Thebookssellwell.Themachinerunswell.Yourpoemreadswell.
Thiscoatwearslong.Theclothwasheseasily.Thepenwritessmoothly.
2)表示状态特征的连系动词:
look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。
Goodmedicinetastesbitter.Whatyousaidprovedtobecorrect.
3)动词want,need,require等当“需要”讲时:
Thepatientneedsoperatingon/tobeoperatedonwithoutdelay.
4)beworthdoing=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone
Theplaceisworthasecondvisit.=Theplaceisworthvisitingagain.
5)不定式的主动形式表被动意义:
①句中不定式的逻辑主语是句中的主语或宾语时:
Ihavealotofworktodo.I’llgivehimsomethingtoread.
②“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构中,不定式与主语构成动宾关系:
Histelephonenumberiseasytoremember.Themanisdifficulttodealwith.
③在“There+be+名词+不定式”结构中,不定式用主动或被动皆可;
在“This/That+be+名词+不定式”中,不定式用主动:
Therearemanyquestionstodiscuss(tobediscussed).
This/Thatisahardquestiontoanswer.Thatisaniceplacetovisit.
④不定式tolet,toblame,toseek等,常用主动:
Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.Thecaristolet.
5.汉语主动,英语被动形式:
Itissaidthat…(=Peoplesaythat…)据说;Itishopedthat…(=Peoplehopethat…)希望;Itissupposedthat…根据推测说;Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认;itmustbepointedoutthat…必须指出;Itiswellknownthat…众所周知;Itwillbesaidthat…有人会说;Itwillgenerallybeconsideredthat…大家认为;Itisbelievedthat…有人相信
6.主动句不能变为被动句的情况:
1)谓语是及物动词leave,enter,reach,suit,benefit,lack等。
2)谓语是不可拆开的短语动词takeplace,loseheart,belongto,consistof等。
3)宾语是同源宾语、不定式、动名词、从句等。
语法精练:
1.--Howareyoutoday?
--Oh,I_______asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.
A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt
2.–I’dliketogotothecinemawithyou,Dad?
–Sorry,mydarling,butthefilm_____foradultsonly.
A.intendsB.isintendedC.isbeingintendedD.isintending
3.–Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?
--I’msorryI_____anythingabutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’saprettyonyou.
A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay
4.Theantswerebusycarryingearthintheirmouthstogettheentrancetotheirnest_____.
A.beingstoppedupB.stoppedupC.tobestoppedD.stoppingup
5.–Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?
–I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.
A.hasB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did
6.–-Areyougoingtothemeeting?
–-No.Themeeting_____untilnextMonday.
A.willbeputoffB.isbeingputoffC.hasbeenputoffD.hasputoff
7.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatwater_____at100degreescentigrade.
A.boilsB.boiledC.wasboilingD.isboiling
8.Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures______.
A.willbetakenB.aretakenC.weretakenD.havetaken
9.He_____togetmeataxi,butI_____thebusdowntoOxfordStreet.
A.offered;hastakenB.hadoffered;wastaking
C.hasoffered;tookD.wouldoffer;took
10.Peopleoftenwanttoknowwhatmyjobis.OftenI_____thatquestion.
A.askB.amaskingC.getaskedD.getasking
11.Theworkers____thecarbusilywhenMrs.Brownwenttogetatoolhe_______there.
A.wererepairing;hadleftB.wererepairing;left
C.hasrepaired;hadleftD.hadrepaired;left
12.Allthepreparationsforthetask______,andwe’rereadytostart.
A.completedB.complete
C.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted
13.---ShallIsendthisreporttothemanager?
---Yes,please.AndI______flytoLondonnextTuesday.
A.gottoB.gettoC.willgettoD.havegotto
14.Shirley___abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.
A.haswrittenB.waswritingC.hadwrittenD.wrote
15.Visitors_______nottotouchtheexhibits.
A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested
16.---Whydon’tyourideyourbike?
---I_____iteverydaythisweek.I’mtiredofridingnow.
A.rodeB.haveriddenC.havebeenriddingD.doride
17.It_____morethan100yearsbeforethewholearea_____tolookasitdid.
A.willbe;beginsB.is;beginsC.is;beganD.was;begins
18.---Wehavesentouttwobestplayerstothesportsmeet.Whataboutyou?
---Well,notyet.Wehavefew______,I’dsay.
A.tochooseB.tochoosefromC.chosenD.tobechosen
19.Theboxofcoinswassaid_______byaChineseinthelate19thcentury.
A.tobeburiedB.tohavebeenburiedC.beingburiedD.tobury
20.We_____toseeher,butfoundshewasout.
A.wantedB.hadwantedC.wouldwantD.waswanting
21.–Doyoulikethematerial?
–Yes,it______verysoft.
A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt
22.Iwouldrathergotoworkasusualthan_____inhospital.
A.gettingtreatedB.togettreatedC.gettreatedD.treated
23.IwonderwhyJenny____usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.
A.hasn’twrittenB.doesn’twriteC.won’twriteD.hadn’twritten
24.She_______th
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