宾语从句讲解和练习正式版 2.docx
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宾语从句讲解和练习正式版 2.docx
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宾语从句讲解和练习正式版2
宾语从句
顾名思义,宾语从句在句中放谓语动词或介词后做宾语。
变宾语从句也包括由直接引语变间接引语。
学习宾语从句只需记住四点:
引导词,陈述语序,时态和人称变化。
一,引导词。
1.宾语从句为陈述句时,引导词为that。
此时that无实义,可要可不要,因此常常被省略。
e.x.Theteacheroftensays,”Ieattoomuch.”-
Theteacheroftensays________heeatstoomuch.
2.宾语从句为一般疑问句时,引导词为if或whether,中文译为“是否”,此时if不是“如果”之意。
e.x.Dadoftenasksme,”Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworktoday?
”-
Dadoftenasksme________Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkthisday.
3.宾语从句为特殊疑问句时,引导词为特殊疑问词。
e.x.Iaskedhim,”Whenwillyourfathercomeback?
”
Iaskedhim________hisfatherwouldcomeback.
4.宾语从句为祈使句,在肯定祈使句的动词原形加to,构成带to的不定式;在否定祈使句前加notto,构成todosth的否定形式。
并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词,构成短语:
tell/ask/order(not)todosth.
e.x.MrLisaidtous,“Don’thandinyourhomeworknow!
”
MrLi________us________________handin________homeworkatthemoment.
二,陈述语序。
陈述语序指陈述句(不是“?
”的句子)的句子顺序,一般为“主谓宾”的顺序。
陈述语序相对的疑问语序。
疑问语序即是疑问句的句子顺序,一般为“谓主宾”,谓语提到主语前了。
E.x.Heisaboy.-Isheaboy?
主谓谓主
因此陈述语序是对宾语从句为疑问句的句子而言的。
将疑问句改宾语从句,需将其疑问语序该为陈述语序,将谓语动词还原到主语后。
1.谓语助动词为be动词、情态动词或完成时态的have/has/had(+过去分词)时,变陈述语序只需要将他们放回主语后。
E.x.1.Heaskedme,”Isthatmanyourfather?
”
Heaskedme________thatman________myfather.
(情态动词和have/has/had的变化见上面一大点的例句)
2.谓语助动词为do,does,did时,变陈述语序要先去掉do,does,did,然后does/did各自对应的时态要还原到宾语从句中的动词。
e.x.Heoftenasksme,“Doyoulikedancing?
”
“Doesyourbrotherplaysoccereveryday?
”
“Didyouplaywiththesekids?
”
HeoftenasksmewhetherIlikedancing.
whethermybrotherplayssoccereveryday.
whetherIplayedwiththesekids.
三,时态:
1.(主现,从不变)主句为一般现在时态,宾语从句根据需要选择时态。
(例句见第二大点第2小点)
*2.(主过,从过)主句为一般过去时态,宾语从句选择与过去有关的时态。
请注意与第二大点的第2小点的变化:
E.x.HeaskedmeifIlikeddancing.
ifmybrotherplayedsoccereveryday.
ifIhadplayedwiththesekids.
2.(主过,从真理现)主句为一般过去时态,宾语从句如果是客观事实和永久不变的真理,用一般现在时态。
e.x.Heaskedmeifthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.
四,人称变化:
上面已经有很多例句可供理解。
五,其它变化:
如果是疑问句变宾语从句,主句中的谓语动词said要改成asked/told.
六,由宾语从句复合句变简单句:
当主句的主语和宾语从句的主语一致时,宾语从句可以由一个句子改成“特殊疑问词+todo不定式”的结构。
e.x.Idon’tknowwhereIcangoonvacation.-->Idon’tknowwheretogoonvacation.
七,宾语从句的否定转移:
如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,imagine等,且宾语从句为否定句时,要把否定词移到主句中去。
例如:
Ithinkchickencanswim.(变否定句)
I______thinkchickencanswim.
八,宾语从句的附加疑问句:
一般情况下要根据主句的人称和谓语来确定附加疑问句。
例如:
Hewantstoknowwherethelittlegirlcanget$500,doesn’the?
对于否定转移的主从复合句来说,必须根据从句来确定,且要把否定转移到从句上,再确定附加疑问句的形式。
当主句谓语动词为believe,think,suppose等表示主语看法的词且主句为一人称和一般现在时态时,应反问从句。
例如:
Idon’tthinkMr.Greencandriveabus,_______he?
八,试题:
1.Wheredidyoufindyourwatch?
Canyoutellme?
(连接成一句;再改为简单句)
Canyoutellme______________________yourwatch?
Canyoutellme______________________yourwatch?
2.Areyoucoming?
Letmeknow.(合为复合句)
Letmeknow______________________knowing.
3.What’sthematter?
Hecameouttosee.(同上)
Hecameouttosee_______________thematter.
4.Thesmallboydidn’tknow.Whomaretheywaitingfor?
(同上)
Thesmallboydidn’tknow_______they________waitingfor.
5.“IhavelivedinHonolulufor3years”,LinYangsays.(改为复合句)
LinYangsays_____________________livedinHonolulufor3years.
6.“Didyoudropthepaperonthefloor?
”askedshe.(改为复合句)
Sheasked_______you_______thepaperonthefloor.
7.Wheredoesyourunclelive?
Couldyoutellme?
Couldyoutellme_______ouruncle_______.
8.“Doyoulikethiswhitehat?
”sheasked.
Sheasked______________________thiswhitehat.
9.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?
(改为简单句)
Canyoutellme________________gettothepostoffice?
10.“WhatcanIdoforyou?
”heaskedme.
Heaskedme______________________doforme.
11.Hismothersaidtome,”Heisagoodboy.”
Hismother_______me_______isagoodboy.
12.“Makesurethedoorisshut,”shesaidtoherlittleson.
Shetoldherlittleson______________surethedoor_______shut.
13.“Don’tsmokeintheroom,”hesaidtome.
Hetoldme______________smokeintheroom.
14.Hedidn’tknowwhattowear.(改为复合句)
Hedidn’tknowwhat______________wear.
15.“Shutup!
”hesaidtotheboys.
He________totheboys________shutup.
一、选择
()1.Wewanttoknowshewillcomeback.
A.thatB.whoC.whenD.where
()2.Couldyoutellusfrom?
A.whereareyouB.whereyouare
C.wherewereyouD.wheredidyoucome
()3.Hewasangrythathewentoutoftheschoolquickly.
A.soB.veryC.suchD.quite
()4.TheysaidtheyHongKong5yearsbefore.
A.gotoB.wenttoC.willgotoD.hadbeento
()5.MyfriendAdamistoworkoutthemathsproblem.
A.brightB.verybrightC.enoughbrightD.brightenough
()6.Hespokemoreloudlywecouldheathim.
A.soB.assoC.sothatD.suchthat
()7.Sheisgirlthateverybodylikesher.
A.suchcleverB.socleverC.suchcleveraD.soclevera
()8.—Doyouknow?
I’mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry.Idon’tknow
A.wheredoesMrLiliveB.wheredidMrLilive
C.whereMrLilivesD.whereMrLilived
()9.I’dliketoknow
A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whetherhasherelievedhighereducation
C.thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoinourEnglishEvening
()10.Couldyoutellme?
I’mhisoldfriend.
A.wheredoesJimleaveB.whenwillJimcomeback
C.whereJimhasgoneD.howisJim
()11.—Doyouknow?
—Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn.
A.whenwouldtheGreensmovehereB.whentheGreensmovedhere
C.theGreenswouldmovehereD.whentheGreenswouldmovehere
()12.Youmustremember.
A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersay
C.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid
()13.Thestudentsarestudyinghard,fortheyknow.
A.whataretheystudyingforB.whataretheystudying
C.whattheyarestudyingforD.whytheyarestudyingfor
()14.Couldyoutellme?
A.whenshallwestartB.whoareyouwaitingfor
C.wherethebusstationisD.whywereyoulate
()15.—Doyouknow?
—He’sTom’sfather.
A.whoisheB.whatheisC.what’sheD.whoheis
()16.—WecanuseMSNtotalkwitheachotherontheInternet.
—Really?
Willyoupleaseshowmeit?
A.whattouseB.howtouseC.howcanIuseD.wherecanIuse
()17.—Canyoutellmewhy?
—BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.
A.doyougotoTibetB.didyougotoTibet
C.areyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet
()18.Idon’tknowhestillliveshere.
A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether
()19.Helearnedthatthesunalsofast.
A.movedB.movingC.movesD.wasmoving
()20.MothertoldmethatIbackontime.
A.tobesureof,wouldcomeB.tomakesure,willcome
C.tobesure,willcomeD.tomakesure,wouldcome
()21.Pleasetellmewhenyoutomorrow.
Iwillmeetyouatthestationwhenyou
A.come,comeB.willcome,willcome
C.willcome,comeD.come,willcome
()22.Hetoldusthattheearthround.
A.wasB.isC.beD.hasbeen
()23.Theteachertoldusthatweafootballmatchtomorrowafternoon.
A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave
()24.HetoldmethathetoJinanlastmonth.
A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.goes
()25.Idon’tknowmuchaboutcomputer,.
A.tooB.eitherC.neitherD.also
()26.TheYellowRiveristhesecondriverinChina.
A.longB.longerC.longestD.mostlong
()27.Pleasetellmeshewillcomeornot.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.why
()28.Wearenotsure.
A.whenyouwillflytoSydneyB.whenwillyouflytoSydney
C.whenflytoSydneyD.whentoSydneytofly
()29.Nooneknowsnext.
A.howtodoB.whattodoC.whentodoD.whytodo
()30.—Shallwegoscubadivingwithsomeotherboysthisafternoon?
—
A.Thatsoundsreallycool.B.Whatapity!
C.I’msorryforthat.D.Itdoesn’tmatter.
()31.—Ihearmosthotelsareveryfullthesedays.
—Don’tworry.I’vearoominafive-starhotel.
A.boughtB.bookedC.paidD.kept
()32.itis!
A.WhatimportantinformationB.Howimportantinformation
C.WhatanimportantinformationD.Howanimportantinformation
()33.Oh,Iyouhere.
A.don’tknow;areB.didn’tknow;were
C.didn’tknow;areD.don’tknow;were
二、按括号内的要求改写句子
1.Wewillvisitthefactory.Ourteachertoldus.(改为宾语从句)
Ourteachertoldusthatwetheshoefactory.
2.Willshecatchtheearlybus?
Sheisafraid.(合并为一句)
Sheisafraidshecatchtheearlybus.
3.Ithoughtthattheearthisround.(改为否定句)
Ithinkthattheearthround.
4.Ifyoustopblowing,soonyouwillfindtheglassclearagain.(改为同义句)
Nowstopblowing,soonyouwillfindtheglassclearagain.
5.“Myownteamisevenbetter.”LinTaosaid(改为宾语从句)
LinTaosaidhisownteamevenbetter.
6.Hesaysthathewon’tbefreetomorrow.(改为一般疑问句)
hethathefreeuntiltomorrow?
7.Doeshelikereading?
Didyouknow?
(改为宾语从句)
Didyouknowhereading?
8.Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.(改为同义句)
we,we’llbelate.
9.Allarehere,butJimisn’there.(改为同义句)
ishereJim.
10.Theteachersaidtome,“Speakmoreslowly.”(改为同义句)
Theteachertoldmemoreslowly.
11.HasLucycomeback?
Doyouknow?
(改为宾语从句)
DoyouknowLucycomeback?
12.Howevercolditis,shealwaysgoesforawalk.(改为同义句)
itis,shealwaysgoesforawalk.
13.Ihavehadthisradioforthreeyears.(改为同义句)
threeyearsIthisradio.
14.Whendoeshegetup?
Doyouknow?
(改为宾语从句)
Doyouknow?
15.Howwilltheygohiking?
Iwantedtoknow.(改为宾语从句)
Iwantedtoknowgohiking.
宾语从句专项练习
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hes
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