名词性从句.docx
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名词性从句.docx
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名词性从句
名词性从句专项练习
名词从句(NounClauses)学习注意点:
名词从句(NounClauses),顾名思义,在句子中起名词的作用。
它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语。
因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句(TheSubjectClause)
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。
引导主语从句的词有连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which,whatever,whichever;连接副词when,where,how,why等。
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.
Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.
Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.
Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntoallofus.
Whyhediditwasn’tquiteclear.
Iswhatyoutoldmereallytrue?
主语从句放在句首,句子常显得笨重,因此一般把它移到句子后面,前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.
It’sstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.
连接代词who,what,which和连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的主语从句主语从句,可简化成连接代词和连接副词加不定式的简略形式,有时也可转换为定语从句。
HowtolearnEnglishwellisaquestionwhichoftenconfusessomestudents.
相当于:
HowtheycanlearnEnglishwellisaquestionwhichoftenconfusessomestudents.
Whatweneedistime.相当于:
Thething(which/that)weneedistime.
宾语从句(TheObjectClause)
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
引导宾语从句的词与引导主语从句的词一致,连词if可引导宾语从句。
在宾语从句中,连词that可以省略。
同样,连接代词who,what,which和连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的宾语从句,宾语从句可简化成连接代词和连接副词加不定式的简略形式,有时也可转换为定语从句。
Ihear(that)westernersalwayshavedifficultyinlearnChinese.
Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepost-office?
=CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepost-office.
Wewillusewhatwehavetobuyyouadress.=Wewillusethemoney(which/that)wehavetobuyyouadress.
表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)
表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语,置于连系动词后。
引导表语从句的词有连词that,whether;asif(好象;仿佛);连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。
同样,连接代词who,what,which和连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的表语从句,表语从句可简化成连接代词和连接副词加不定式的简略形式。
Thequestioniswhetherthebookisworthreadingatall.
Thatiswherehewasborn.
Itseemsthatallofthestudentshavedonetheirhomework.
Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.
Theproblemishowtopreventthepollutiontolivehappily.
连词asif常和look,seem,sound搭配,构成lookasif,seemasif,soundasif。
asif引导的表语从句如果讲的是事实,就用陈述语气;反之,要用虚拟语气。
Thedarkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasiftherewillbeabigstorm.
Helookedasifhewereaspiritinthatfunnysuit.
同位从句(TheAppositiveClause)
同位从句一般跟在名词news,answer,hope,fact,belief,idea,promise,information,conclusion,order,suggestion,problem,thought,possibility等后面,用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的词有连词that;连接副词when,where,how,why等。
连接副词when,where,how等引导的同位语从句,同位语从句可简化成连接副词加不定式的简略形式。
Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.
Shetoldusherhopethatshewouldbecomeapianist.
Hemadeapromisethathewouldnevercomelate.
Healwaysworkshardevenifheknowsthefactthatheisinpoorhealth.
that既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句,其区别在于:
同位语从句由连词that引导,连词that本身无意义,在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,不可省略。
定语从句由关系代词that引导,关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分,作宾语时可省略,由when,why,where引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于:
同位语从句中的连接副词只起连接作用,没有指代前面名词的作用;定语从句由关系副词引导,关系副词具有指代先行词的作用,常用一个介词加关系代词替换。
Weknowthefactthatheisathief.(同位语从句)
Hecollectedthefactsthat/whichprovetheearthturnsaroundthesun.(定语从句)
Thepolicemanhadtoworkouttheproblemhowhegotsomuchmoney.(同位语从句)
It’stheproblemwhich/thatwillbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.(定语从句)
名词从句(NounClauses)专项练习
1.Thetruthis_______hedoesn’tmakegooduseoftimeinclass.
A.whyB.whatC.thatD.which
2.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_______hehadtakenawrongbus.
A.becauseB.whetherC.becauseD.that
3.Einstein’smostfamoustheoryis_______wecalltheTheoryofRelativity.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD./
4.Pleasefindoutwhen_______gettoNanjing.
A.willthetrainB.wouldthetrainC.thetrainwillD.thetrainwould
5.Wehaveplentyofbookshere.Youmaytake_______youlikemost.
A.whichB.whateverC.whicheverD.that
6.Itdependson_______wehaveenoughtime.
A.ifB.whatC.whyD.whether
7.Youhavenoidea_______forhersafety.
A.howanxiousIhavebeenB.soanxiousIhavebeen
C.howIhavebeenanxiousD.Ihavebeensoanxious
8.----Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?
----Oh,that’s_______.
A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout
C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited
9.Pleaseremindme_______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.
A.whenB.whereC.howD.what
10.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?
Thatwas_______wedidthismorning.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what
Keys:
1---10CDACCDAAAD
解析:
1.that引导的表语从句,说明一个事实情况
2.reason作主语,表语从句的引导词用that
3.what引导的表语从句,what在表语从句中作直接宾语。
具体内容为theTheoryofRelativity,应该选用what
4.宾语从句中不使用疑问句式并且时态要一致
5.书很多,暗示的不是具体的哪一本,选whichever
6.on为介词,答案只能选whether,又BC的逻辑关系和句子的意义矛盾
7.感叹句直接用来作同位语从句,感叹词可兼作引导词
8.昨天的比赛令人激动,难以忘怀;what引导的表语从句
9.要及时送人就要敲定好时间,hesaid是插入语
10.what引导的表语从句,说明我们做的事情
11.----Couldyoudomeafavor?
----Itdependson_______itis.
A.whatB.whichC.whateverD.whichever
12.Thereismuchchance______Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.
A.whichB.ifC.untilD.that
13.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeinglateforclass_______hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.
A.whyB.thatC.becauseD.where
14.It’swellknown_______theearthmovesaroundthesun.
A.asB.whyC.thatD.what
15.Hewasluckyenoughtosellhiscarforexactly_______.
A.wherehehadpaidforitB.whathehadpaidforit
C.whathewaspaidforitD.whichhehadpaidforit
16._______hedoesn’tlikethemisveryclear.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Where
17.Wouldyoupleasetellme_______totherailroadstation?
A.howfarisitB.howfaritisC.howfarwasitD.howfaritwas
18.----WhyisLiMingsolate?
----Idon’tknow_______.
A.canwhatthereasonbeB.whatcanthereasonbe
C.whatthereasoncanbeD.thereasonwhatcanbe
19.Oneadvantageofplayingtheviolinis_______itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.
A.howB.whenC.whyD.that
20.Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthematch,withoutmentioning_______histeammateshaddone.
A.whichB.whatC.whileD.why
Keys:
11---20ADBCBBBCDB
解析:
11.what引导的宾语从句且在从句中作表语
12.that引导的同位语从句,说明chance的具体内容
13.that引导的同位语从句,同位语从句前有简洁的介词短语修饰,同位语从句和前面的名词隔开了
14.that引导的主语从句后置,前面用了形式主语it
15.what引导的宾语从句,what表示具体支付多少钱
16.That引导的主语从句,表示一个事实
17.宾语从句中没有疑问语序,时态要保持一致
18.what引导的宾语从句,宾语从句中没有疑问语序
19.that引导的表语从句,表示一个事实
20.what引导的宾语从句,作mentioning的逻辑宾语,表示他的队友的所为
21.________isknowntoallthatWTOstandsforWorldTradeOrganization.
A.WhichB.WhatC.AsD.It
22.Themountainisnolonger_______itusedtbe.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as
23.Weknowlittleabouttheyoungladyexcept_______youtoldme.
A.whatB.thatC.howD.不填
24.Whatapity_______is_______youdidn’tarrivebydaylight.
A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for
25.Thequestionheaskedwas________theelectricalequipmentshouldbestored.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.because
26.Fathermadeapromise_______Ipassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeanewdictionary.
A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.thatif
27.Thereason_______shegavefornotbeingpresentwas_______theheavysnowpreventedhercoming.
A./,becauseB.why,becauseC./,thatD.why,whether
28.______isthemostusefulinvention?
A.DoyouthinkwhichoftheseB.Whichofthesedoyouthink
C.WhichoftheseyouthinkD.Youthinkwhichofthese
29._______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
A.WhatB.WhoC.WhoeverD.Whatever
30.Enginesaretomachines_______heartsaretohumanbeings.
A.whatB.asC.thatD.which
Keys:
21--30DCABCDCBAA
解析:
21.It’s…that….,It为形式主语
22.what引导的表语从句且在表语从句中作表语
23.what引导的宾语从句,作介词except的宾语,what表示told的具体内容
24.It’sapitythat…结构的感叹句。
that引导的主语从句
25.where引导的表语从句,说明电器设备存放的地点
26.that引导的同位语从句,说明promise的具体内容。
同位语从句又是条件句加主句的结构
27.前一空中的关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,可省略;后一空为that引导的表语从句。
整个句子的结构是:
Thereasonisthat…
28.用which来进行特殊提问的特殊疑问句,doyouthink为插入语
29.What引导的主语从句且在从句中作主语
30.AistoBwhatCistoD的结构,A之于B如C之于D
31.Idon’tbelievehewillcome,_______?
A.willheB.won’theC.doesheD.doesn’the
32.Thefact_______hehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.it
33.Theyareinvestigatingthequestion_______themanistrustworthy.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what
34.Itoccurredtome_______IhadseenhimsomewhereinLondon.
A.whatB.whereC.thatD.there
35.Itisquiteclear________thewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.
A.thatB.whatC.asD.it
36.Idon’tcare________youliketheplanornot.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.how
37.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything________hehadstolentothepolice.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why
38.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.
A.whatB.whereC.whenD.that
39.Ijustwonder_______thatmakeshimsoexcited.
A.whatitdoesB.whathedoesC.whatitisD.whathedid
40.______isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.
A.WhichB.WhatC.ItD.As
Keys:
31--40ACACABACCC
解析:
31.否定转移,宾语从句其实是否定形式,答案为willhe
32.that引导的同位语从句,说明fact的具体内容
33.whether引导的同位语从句,表示疑问的具体内容,whether具有疑问含义;if不可引导的同位语从句
34.Itoccurstosbthat…的结构,that引导的主语从句
35.Itisadjthat…的结构,that引导的主语从句
36.whether…or…的结构,连词whether…or…引导的宾语从句
37.that引导的定语从句,先行词为不定代词everything,关系代词只能用that
38.when为并列连词,提供额外信息
39.what引导的宾语从句,宾语从句中使用了强调结构的特殊疑问形式
40.It作形式主语
41.----Irangyouataboutthree,buttherewasnoreply.
----Oh,thatwasprobably_______Iwasseeingthedoctors.
A.whyB.whatC.whenD.that
42.It’snotyetclear_______ofthosewillbechosentodothejob.
A.thatB.whomC.whichD.whose
43._______inthenewspaperthattheteacherswillgetarisein2008.
A.ItsaysB.itissaidC.IthassaidD.Theyaresaid
44.Thepr
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