合同法英文版.docx
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合同法英文版.docx
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合同法英文版
【标 题】CONTRACTLAWOFTHEPEOPLE'SREPUBLICOFCHINA
【分 类】
【时效性】有效
【颁布时间】 1999.03.15
【实施时间】1999.10.01
【发布部门】NationalPeople’sCongress
CONTRACTLAWOFTHEPEOPLE'SREPUBLICOFCHINA
(AdoptedandPromulgatedbytheSecondSessionoftheNinthNationalPeople'sCongressMarch15,1999)
GENERALPRINCIPLES
ChapterOneGeneralProvisions
Article1Purpose
ThisLawisformulatedinordertoprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsof
contractparties,tosafeguardsocialandeconomicorder,andtopromote
socialistmodernization.
Article2DefinitionofContract;Exclusions
ForpurposesofthisLaw,acontractisanagreementbetweennaturalpersons,
legalpersonsorotherorganizationswithequalstanding,forthepurposeof
establishing,altering,ordischargingarelationshipofcivilrightsand
obligations.
Anagreementconcerninganypersonalrelationshipsuchasmarriage,adoption,
guardianship,etc.shallbegovernedbyotherapplicablelaws.
Article3EqualStandingofParties
Contractpartiesenjoyequallegalstandingandneitherpartymayimposeits
willontheotherparty.
Article4RighttoEnterintoContractVoluntarily
Apartyisentitledtoenterintoacontractvoluntarilyunderthelaw,andno
entityorindividualmayunlawfullyinterferewithsuchright.
Article5Fairness
Thepartiesshallabidebytheprincipleoffairnessinprescribingtheir
respectiverightsandobligations.
Article6GoodFaith
Thepartiesshallabidebytheprincipleofgoodfaithinexercisingtheir
rightsandperformingtheirobligations.
Article7Legality
Inconcludingorperformingacontract,thepartiesshallabidebytherelevant
lawsandadministrativeregulations,aswellasobservesocialethics,andmay
notdisruptsocialandeconomicorderorharmthepublicinterests.
Article8BindingEffect;LegalProtection
Alawfullyformedcontractislegallybindingontheparties.Thepartiesshall
performtheirrespectiveobligationsinaccordancewiththecontract,and
neitherpartymayarbitrarilyamendorterminatethecontract.
Alawfullyformedcontractisprotectedbylaw.
ChapterTwoFormationofContracts
Article9Capacity;ContractthroughAgent
Inenteringintoacontract,thepartiesshallhavetheappropriatecapacities
forcivilrightsandcivilacts.
Apartymayappointanagenttoenterintoacontractonitsbehalfunderthe
law.
Article10FormsofContract;WritingRequirement
Acontractmaybemadeinawriting,inanoralconversation,aswellasinany
otherform.
Acontractshallbeinwritingifarelevantlaworadministrativeregulationso
requires.Acontractshallbeinwritingifthepartieshavesoagreed.
Article11DefinitionofWriting
Awritingmeansamemorandumofcontract,letterorelectronicmessage
(includingtelegram,telex,facsimile,electronicdataexchangeandelectronic
mail),etc.whichiscapableofexpressingitscontentsinatangibleform.
Article12TermsofContract
Thetermsofacontractshallbeprescribedbytheparties,andgenerally
includethefollowing:
(i)namesofthepartiesandthedomicilesthereof;
(ii)subjectmatter;
(iii)quantity;
(iv)quality;
(v)priceorremuneration;
(vi)time,placeandmethodofperformance;
(vii)liabilitiesforbreachofcontract;
(viii)methodofdisputeresolution.
Thepartiesmayenterintoacontractbyreferencingamodelcontractforthe
relevantcontractcategory.
Article13Offer-Acceptance
Acontractisconcludedbytheexchangeofanofferandanacceptance.
Article14DefinitionofOffer
Anofferisaparty'smanifestationofintentiontoenterintoacontractwith
theotherparty,whichshallcomplywiththefollowing:
(i)Itstermsarespecificanddefinite;
(ii)Itindicatesthatuponacceptancebytheofferee,theofferorwillbebound
thereby.
Article15InvitationtoOffer
Aninvitationtoofferisaparty'smanifestationofintentiontoinvitethe
otherpartytomakeanofferthereto.Adeliveredpricelist,announcementof
auction,callfortender,prospectus,orcommercialadvertisement,etc.isan
invitationtooffer.
Acommercialadvertisementisdeemedanofferifitscontentsmeetthe
requirementsofanoffer.
Article16EffectivenessofOffer,OfferthroughElectronicMessage
Anofferbecomeseffectivewhenitreachestheofferee.
Whenacontractisconcludedbytheexchangeofelectronicmessages,ifthe
recipientofanelectronicmessagehasdesignatedaspecificsystemtoreceive
it,thetimewhentheelectronicmessageentersintosuchspecificsystemis
deemeditstimeofarrival;ifnospecificsystemhasbeendesignated,thetime
whentheelectronicmessagefirstentersintoanyoftherecipient'ssystemsis
deemeditstimeofarrival.
Article17WithdrawalofOffer
Anoffermaybewithdrawn.Thenoticeofwithdrawalshallreachtheofferee
beforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.
Article18RevocationofOffer
Anoffermayberevoked.Thenoticeofrevocationshallreachtheoffereebefore
ithasdispatchedanoticeofacceptance.
Article19IrrevocableOffer
Anoffermaynotberevoked:
(i)ifitexpresslyindicates,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceor
otherwise,thatitisirrevocable;
(ii)iftheoffereehasreasontoregardtheofferasirrevocable,andhas
undertakenpreparationforperformance.
Article20ExtinguishmentofOffer
Anofferisextinguishedinanyofthefollowingcircumstances:
(i)Thenoticeofrejectionreachestheofferor;
(ii)Theofferorlawfullyrevokestheoffer;
(iii)Theoffereefailstodispatchitsacceptanceattheendoftheperiodfor
acceptance;
(iv)Theoffereemakesamaterialchangetothetermsoftheoffer.
Article21DefinitionofAcceptance
Anacceptanceistheofferee'smanifestationofintentiontoassenttoanoffer.
Article22ModeofAcceptance;AcceptancebyConduct
Anacceptanceshallbemanifestedbynotification,exceptwhereitmaybe
manifestedbyconductinaccordancewiththerelevantusageorasindicatedin
theoffer.
Article23TimelyDispatchofAcceptance
Anacceptanceshallreachtheofferorwithintheperiodprescribedintheoffer.
Wheretheofferdoesnotprescribeaperiodforacceptance,theacceptanceshall
reachtheofferorasfollows:
(i)Wheretheofferismadeorally,theacceptanceshallbedispatched
immediately,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheparties;
(ii)Wheretheofferismadeinanon-oralmanner,theacceptanceshallreach
theofferorwithinareasonabletime.
Article24CommencementofthePeriodforAcceptance
Whereanofferismadebyaletteroratelegram,theperiodforacceptance
commencesonthedateshownontheletterorthedateonwhichthetelegramis
handedinfordispatch.Iftheletterdoesnotspecifyadate,theperiod
commencesonthepostingdatestampedontheenvelop.Wheretheofferismade
throughaninstantaneouscommunicationdevicesuchastelephoneorfacsimile,
etc.,theperiodforacceptancecommencesoncetheofferreachestheofferee.
Article25ContractFormeduponEffectivenessofAcceptance
Acontractisformedoncetheacceptancebecomeseffective.
Article26EffectivenessofAcceptance
Anoticeofacceptancebecomeseffectiveonceitreachestheofferor.Wherethe
acceptancedoesnotrequirenotification,itbecomeseffectiveonceanactof
acceptanceisperformedinaccordancewiththerelevantusageorasrequiredby
theoffer.
Whereacontractisconcludedbytheexchangeofelectronicmessages,thetime
ofarrivaloftheacceptanceshallbegovernedbyParagraph2ofArticle16
hereof.
Article27WithdrawalofAcceptance
Anacceptancemaybewithdrawn.Thenoticeofwithdrawalshallreachtheofferor
beforeoratthesametimeastheacceptance.
Article28LateAcceptance
Anacceptancedispatchedbytheoffereeafterexpirationoftheperiodfor
acceptanceconstitutesanewoffer,unlesstheofferortimelyadvisesthe
offereethattheacceptanceisvalid.
Article29DelayedTransmissionofAcceptance
Iftheoffereedispatcheditsacceptancewithintheperiodforacceptance,and
theacceptance,whichwouldotherwisehavereachedtheofferorinduetimeunder
normalcircumstances,reachestheofferorafterexpirationoftheperiodfor
acceptanceduetoanyotherreason,theacceptanceisvalid,unlesstheofferor
timelyadvisestheoffereethattheacceptancehasbeenrejectedongroundsof
thedelay.
Article30AcceptanceContainingMaterialChange
Thetermsoftheacceptanceshallbeidenticaltothoseoftheoffer.A
purportedacceptancedispatchedbytheoffereewhichmateriallyalterstheterms
oftheofferconstitutesanewoffer.Achangeinthesubjectmatter,quantity,
quality,priceorremuneration,time,placeandmethodofperformance,
liabilitiesforbreachofcontractormethodofdisputeresolutionisamaterial
changetothetermsoftheoffer.
Article31AcceptanceContainingNon-materialChanges
Anacceptancecontainingnonmaterialchangestothetermsoftheofferis
neverthelessvalidandthetermsthereofprevailasthetermsofthecontract,
unlesstheofferortimelyobjectstosuchchangesortheofferindicatedthat
acceptancemaynotcontainanychangetothetermsthereof.
Article32TimeofFormationinCaseofMemorandumofContract
Wherethepartiesenterintoacontractbyamemorandumofcontract,the
contractisformedwhenitissignedorsealedbytheparties.
Article33TimeofFormationinCaseofLettersorElectronicMessages;
ConfirmationLetter
Wherethepartiesenterintoacontractbytheexchangeoflettersorelectronic
messages,onepartymayrequireexecutionofaconfirmationletterbeforethe
contractisformed.Thecontractisformeduponexecutionof
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