Presentation tips.docx
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Presentation tips.docx
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Presentationtips
STMG191IntroductiontoManagement
TIPSFORPREPARINGAGOODTEAMPRESENTATION
SpecialacknowledgementtoMarkPhillips,anoutstandingteacher,forcompilingthispackage
CONTENTS
Introduction2
Whyweaskyoutodopresentationsin1912
Whatisthepurposeofthispackage2
Howtoundertakeapresentationfor1913
Preparation3
Stepone:
identifyingthegoal(s)ofyourpresentation3
Steptwo:
assessingyouraudience3
Stepthree:
selectingandorganisingyourcontent5
Thereismorethanoneway...8
Delivery
Projectingarelaxedconfidentimage8
Focusingyourattentiononyourlisteners8
Adjustingthelengthandcontentofyourpresentation9
Handlingquestions9
Usingvisualaids9
Afewmorefinalwordsofwisdom12
References12
INTRODUCTION
WhyweaskyoutodoPresentationsin191
Therearetwomainreasonsformakingyouundertakepresentationsin191.Firstly,oneoftheobjectivesofthiscourseistohelpyoutodeveloptheskillsyouwillneedasmanagers.Asmanagers,theabilitytocommunicatebeitwithyourcoworkers,subordinates,orsuperiorsisanabsolutelyessentialskill.Typicallythemainformsofcommunicationthatmanagersusearewritten(reports,letters,newspapers,memos,Email)andoral(presentations,teammeetings,facetofaceconversations).Tobeaneffectivemanageryoumustbecompetentinbothformsofcommunication.Themorecompetentyouare,themoreeffectiveyouarelikelytobe.
Secondly,atUniversityyouwillgenerallyfindthatthehigherupyougo,themorepresentationsyouwillhavetodo.Furthermore,inlatercourses(especiallygraduatecourses)thesepresentationstendtoaccountforasignificantproportionofyourassessment.Forexample,ifyouareundertakingaBMS,inyourlastcompulsorycourse,0340.391StrategicManagement,yourteampresentationaccountsforasignificantportion(25%)ofyourcourseworkgrade.Thereisalsoacasecompetitionruninthisupperlevelcoursebasedinpartaroundtheseteampresentations.Thus,themorepracticeyougetatundertakingpresentations,thebetterpreparedyouwillbeforyourfutureacademiclife.
Therefore,basedonthisreasoning,theassessmentinthiscourseis,inpart,designedaroundallowingyouachancetodevelopyourcommunicationskills.Theassignmentandtutorialcaseanalysesareusedtohelpdevelopyourwrittenskills.Similarly,thetutorialpresentationsareusedasopportunitiesforyoutohelpdevelopyouroralskills.
WhatisthePurposeofthisPackage?
Themajorityofpeoplein191havehadverylittlepreviousexperienceatpublicspeakingandevenlessatundertakingaformalpresentation.Thispackageisdesignedtogiveyousomeideaoftheprocessesyoushouldgothrough,andtheissuesyoushouldkeepinmindwhenyouareundertakingyourteampresentations.Itisbynomeansthedefinitivewordondoingpresentations.However,whileitistailoredtowardsthe191presentations,manyoftheideascontainedwithinwillberelevanttoanyformofpublicspeakingyoumayundertakeinthefuture.Butremembertoalwaysassessyouraudience(youwilllearnaboutthislater).
Youareexpectedtoreadthispackagebeforeyoudoyourteampresentations.Ifyouchoosenotto,thenyourpresentationmaynotbeasgood.Consequently,yourgrademaynotbeallitcouldbe.Thispackagewaswrittentohelpyou,butunlessyoureadit,itcan't.Itisyourchoice.
HOWTOUNDERTAKEAPRESENTATIONFOR191
Theprocessyougothroughwhenundertakingyourpresentationsmaybebrokendownintotwophases:
preparationanddelivery.
Preparation"thebattleiswonbeforeitisfought"
Whatfollowsisaprocessorframeworkthatyoucanuseinordertoprepareforyourpresentation.Aswithmostthings,thebetterpreparedyouare,thegreaterthechanceyouwillbesuccessful.Therearethreemainstepstopreparingforyourpresentation:
1.identifyingyourgoal(s);
2.assessingyouraudience;and
3.choosingandorganisingthecontentofyourpresentation.
Stepone:
identifyingthegoal(s)ofyourpresentation.Managersdonotdecidetodoapresentationjustbecausetheyfeellikeit.Presentationstakeplaceforapurpose.Forexample,amanagermaymakeapresentation:
toinformsubordinatesofchangesinproceduresandpolicies;toexplaintoassociatesaproject'sspecificationsandgoals;toattractapotentialcustomer;ortodefendhisorherorganisation’spoliciesagainstpublicattack.Consequently,thesuccess(orotherwise)ofthepresentationtendstobejudgedonhowitachievesitsgoal(s).Therefore,itiscriticalthatwhenyoustartpreparingforyourpresentationyouidentifythegoal(s)ofyourpresentation.Askyourself:
'whatdoIwanttoaccomplishwithmypresentation?
'Morespecifically,askyourself:
'whatdoIwantmyaudiencetothink?
'and'howdoIwantmyaudiencetoactasaresultoflisteningtomypresentations?
'
Throughoutthepreparationforyourpresentation,yourgoal(s)shouldserveastheobjectiveagainstwhichtojudgewhatyouplantosayandhowyouwillorganisethecontent.Forexample,youshouldonlyincludeinformationinthebodyofthepresentationthatwillhelpaccomplishyourgoal(s);ifitdoesnothelpaccomplishyourgoal(s),thenyoushouldexcludeit.
Thegoalofyour191presentationsiswelldefined.Rememberwiththecaseanalysesyouaretryingtoidentifymanagerialproblemsanddeterminewhichtheoriesbestexplainthoseproblems.Sincetherearenorightanswersinmanagement,youaretryingtoinformandpersuadetheaudiencethatyouranalysisisthemostappropriate.
Steptwo:
assessingyouraudience.Afterdecidingonthegoal(s)ofyourpresentation,thenextstepinthepreparationprocessistoassesstheaudiencetowhichyouwillbemakingthepresentationtoo.Thisisacriticalstepbecauseeachaudienceisdifferent.Forinstance,thepresentationstyleyouusein191maynotbeappropriateforthepresentationsyoumakein391(ifyouaredoingaBMS).Also,insomecasesthepurposeofthepresentationinvolvestryingtopromptchangestooccurwithintheaudience.Forexample,asamanageryoumaybetryingtoconvinceyouraudiencetofundyourproject.Therefore,youwanttopackageyourpresentationinsuchawaysothatitisappealingtoyouraudience.
Since,differentpresentationsareappropriatefordifferentaudiencesitiscriticalthatyouassessyouraudienceeachandeverytimethatyoumakeapresentation.Youcanthenmodifyyourpresentationaccordingly.Thebetteryouunderstandyouraudience,themoreinteresting,understandableandconvincingyoucanmakeyourpresentationfromtheirperspective.Whenassessingyouraudienceyoushouldkeepinmindthefollowingquestions:
1.Whatisyouraudience'srelationshiptoyou.Thisinformationwillhelpyoutodeterminewhatisrelevantandinterestingtoyouraudience.Forinstance,imaginethatyouareamanagerwhoismakingarecommendationtoyoursuperiors.Youwillwanttobuildsolidsupportforyourrecommendationsandpreparefortheirquestionsandcomments.Ontheotherhand,imaginethatyouareexplainingnewprocedurestosubordinates.Youwillwanttomakesureyourexplanationisclear.Youmaynothavetojustifythechanges,buttoinduceyoursubordinatestocooperate.Youmaywanttoexplaintothemhowthenewproceduresmaybenefitthem.
Forthe191presentationsyouraudienceisatleastonthesamelevelasyou.Thatis,theyarenotyoursubordinates,butyourpeersorhigher.Therefore,youshouldbetryingtoincludeinformationthatwillhelpyoutobuildsupportforyouranalysis.
2.Whatisyouraudience'sknowledgeofthesubject?
Howfamiliarisyouraudiencewiththesubjectofyourpresentationandwiththespecialisttermsyoumayuse?
Giventhatithasbeenpreviouslyassumedthatyouraudienceismadeupofyourpeers(andwhohavealsodonetheirownanalyses),itislogicaltoassumethatforthe191presentations,youraudienceisveryfamiliarwiththesubjectofyourpresentationandtheterminologyyouwilluse.However,youalsohavetobeawarethattheymayhavealsonotstudiedthecaseinasmuchdetailasyouhave(i.e.,iftheyhaveonlydonethesummary).
3.Whatstyleofpresentationdoesyouraudienceexpect?
Ingeneral,themoreformaltheoccasion,themoreformalthepresentationshouldbe.Youraudience'sexpectationswillalsobeinfluencedbythecircumstancesofyourpresentation.Forexample,youmaybeoneofateamofspeakersorbepresentingbyyourself.Ifyouareoneofateamofspeakersthenthetopicsthattheothersplantocoverwillinfluenceyourpresentation.Ifyouaretheonlyspeaker,therearenosuchconstraintsonyourpresentation.
Forthe191presentations,theaudienceexpectationswilldependgreatlyonthepreviouspresentationsandtheclimateorpersonalityoftheclass.Soitwouldbeusefulforyoutospendtimethinkingaboutthe'norms'thatexistinyourtutorial.
4.Whataretheaudience'sattitudestowardyouandyourmessage?
Howdoesyouraudiiencefeelaboutyou,andhowaretheylikelytofeelaboutyourmessage?
Ifyouanticipateapositiveorneutralattitudeonhepartofyouraudience,useadirectapproachinorganisingyourpresentation:
presentyourrecommendationsfirstandthenprovidesupportingevidence.Ifyouanticipateanegativeattitude,useanindirectapproach:
buildacaseforyourpointofviewfirstandthenannounceit.Forthe191presentationsitwouldprobablybeappropriatetoassumethatyouraudiencewouldbeneutraltowardsyouandyourme
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