小学语法there be.docx
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小学语法there be.docx
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小学语法therebe
第四章therebe句型(存在句)
Therebe结构主要用以表达"某处(某时)有某人(某物)",
其基本句型为"Therebe+某物或某人+某地或某时",
其中there是引导词,没有词义;
be是谓语动词;
"某人或某物"是句子的主语;
"某地或某时"作句子的状语,多是介词短语。
如:
Thereisafootballunderthechair.椅子下面有一个足球。
引导语谓语动词主语介词短语(某地)
Therebe结构中的动词be的确定
1.therebe结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。
主语是不可数名词或单数
可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。
如:
Thereisaflowerinthebottle.瓶里有一朵花。
Thereissomemoneyinthepurse.钱包里有些钱。
2.若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如:
Thereisaboy,agirlandtwowomeninthehouse.
房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。
Therearetenstudentsandateacherintheoffice.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。
如:
Inthetreetherearefivebirds.树上有五只鸟。
Therebe结构的句型转换
1.否定句:
therebe的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。
如果句中有some,一般要变成any。
如:
Therearesomechildreninthepicture.→Therearen'tanychildren
inthepicture.
也可用“no”来表示。
即:
no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。
注意:
no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\an + n.(可数名词单数);
no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数);
no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。
2.一般疑问句及其答语:
把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。
其肯定答语是Yes,thereis/are;否定答语为No,thereisn't/aren't。
如:
-Aretheretwocatsinthetree?
-Yes,thereare.(No,therearen't.)
3.特殊疑问句及其回答:
①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"whatis+地点介词短语?
"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。
如:
Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→What'sinthetree?
②就therebe后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"whereis/are+主语?
"如:
Thereisacarinthestreet.→Whereisthecar?
③针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
Howmany+ 名词复数+arethere+介词短语?
Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语?
Thereisacatunderthebed.→Howmanycatsarethereunderthebed?
4.Therebe句型表示“存在”关系,have表示“所属”关系,两者不能混合在一个句子中;
Therebe结构一般用在句子的开头,而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。
Thereiscarontheroad.公路上有辆汽车。
Ihaveacar.我有一辆车
温馨小提示
1.some和any在therebe句型中的运用:
some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。
2.and和or在therebe句型中的运用:
and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑问句。
3.在therebe句型中,特别要注意就近原则。
Fillintheblankwith"have,has"or"thereis,thereare"
1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.
2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.
3.He_________atape-recorder.
4._____________abasketballintheplayground.
5.She__________somedresses.
6.They___________anicegarden.
7.Whatdoyou___________?
8.______________areading-roominthebuilding?
9.WhatdoesMike___________?
10.______________anybooksinthebookcase?
11.Myfather_________astory-book.
12._______________astory-bookonthetable.
13._______________anyflowersinthevase?
14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?
15.Myparents___________somenicepictures.
16._____________somemapsonthewall.
17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.
18.David__________atelescope.
19.David'sfriends___________sometents.
20.______________manychildrenonthehill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There_______alotofsweetsinthebox.
2、There_______somemilkintheglass.
3、There_______somepeopleunderthebigtree.
4、There_______apictureandamaponthewall.
5、There_______aboxofrubbersnearthebooks.
6、There_______lotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.
7、There_______atinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.
8、There_______fourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.
9.There_______fourseasonsinayear.
10.There_______notanytreestwoyearsago.
11._________thereapostofficenearyourschool?
---Yes,there.
12.---Howmanystops________there?
---There_________onlyone.
13.There_________notanystampsontheenvelope.
14.________thereanybirdsinthetree?
15.There________ashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.
Butnowthere________noone.
16.There_________onlythreeofus:
mydad,mymumandme.
17.Here_________somebreadforyou.
18.InNewYork,there_________alotofraininspring.
一.用therebe选择填空
1.There_________apenonthedesk.
2.There_________manybooksonthebookshelf.
3.There_________somewaterinthebottle.
4._________theremanypeopleatthepartylastnight?
5.There__________20boysand30girlsinourclass.
6.There__________amanintheroomjustnow.
7.There___________aneraserandtwopensinthepencilbox.
8.There___________twopensandaneraserinthebag.
9.There___________somesmallcitiesnearTianjin.
10.There___________somuchchickenontheplate.
二.选择填空
1.There______somewaterinthebottle.
A.isB.areC.haveD.be
2.There______manytomatoes,butthere_______aphoto.
A.are,isB.is/areC.aren’t/isD.aren’t/isn’t
3.Thereis______onthedesk.
A.apencilB.twobooksC.ficeapplesD.awater
4.There_______apencil-caseandmanypencilsinhisbag.
A.isB.areC.haveD.be
5.Therearealotof______inthefridge.
A.meatB.chickenC.eggsD.milk
6.There________amovieinthecinema.
A.isB.areC.beD.willbe
7._________thereazooinyourcity?
A.IsB.BeC.AreD.Were
8.Howmanyrabbits_______there?
A.isB.haveC.areD.be
9.There________somekeysandakeyringinhiscase.
A.haveB.isC.areD.be
10.There_________somegoodnewsintoday’snewpaper.
A.isB.areC.beD.have
11.Ourcountry________toomanypeople.
A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare
12.There_________someorangejuiceinthebottle.
A.isB.areC.beD.am
13.There_________somepencils,abookandapenonthedesk.
A.isB.areC.beD.being
14.There_________abook,apenandsomepencilsonthedesk.
A.isB.areC.beD.being
15.________thereanarmchairthere?
A.BeB.AreC.Is
16.There_______some________onthedesk..
A.is/toothpasteB.are,toothpasteC.is/toothbrush
17.There________someteainthemug.
A.areB.isC.am
18.Thereare________footballsunderthechair.
A.someB.muchC.any
19.Thereis________anywaterinthebottle.
A.noB.aC.not
20._______yourbookonthedesk?
A.IsB.IsthereC.Are
21.________theteacher’sbooksinthebag?
A.AreB.IsthereC.Arethere
22.________thereanypeopleintheroom?
A.IsB.AreC.Over
23.________thereanyfoodinthebag?
A.AreB.BeC.Is
24.Therearen’t________peopleinthehall.
A.manyB.alotofC.much
25.There________anoldmanandtwochildreninabus.
A.isB.amC.haveD.are
三.翻译下列句子
1.我家门前有条河。
__________________ariverinfrontofmyhouse.
2.河里有只船。
There________aboat_________theriver.
3.他的口袋里有些钱。
There________somemoney_______hispocket.
你有一些鸡蛋吗?
_________you________________eggs?
四.按照要求改写句子
1.Therearesomeboysandgirlsintheroom.(否定句)
There_______________boys________girlsintheroom.
2.Thereisnobreadonthetable.(同义句)
There_______________breadonthetable.
3.Thereisn’tacatandthereisn’tadoginmyroom.(同义句)
Thereis_______cat________doginmyroom.
4.Therearesomeboysinthebookshop.(否定句)
There______________boysinthebookshop.
5.Thereisananimalhospitalnearhere.(一般疑问句)
________________________________________
6.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?
(回答问题)
________________________(3个)people.
7.Isthereanyorangeinthecup?
(肯定句)
_______________________orangeinthecup.
Thereisalotofbreadonthetable.(否定句)
There_____________________breadonthetable.
Arethereanygroupsofgirlsunderthetree?
(单数)
_________there________________of________underthetree?
10.Thereisaboxofmilkonthetable.(复数)
There_______two________of________onthetable.
Thereisasaltshakeronthetable.(一般疑问句)
_________________asaltshakeronthetable?
Therearesomeplatesonthetable.(一般疑问句)
__________________________platesonthetable?
Arethereanyvegetablesinthebowl?
(肯定回答)
Yes,_________________.
Arethereanykeysinthedrawer?
(否定回答)
No,___________________.
Therearesomeflowersinthevase.(改为否定)
There________________flowersinthevase.
五.therebe与have区别专练。
1.Thisdesk__________fourlegs.
2.___________somebooksonthedesk.
3.Everyone__________adictionaryinmyclass.
4.____________(没有)knivesintheroom.
5.I_____________anewsweater.
6._____________someflowersandadeskintheroom.
7.______________nothinginthebag.
8.They______somethingtoeat
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