格致中学高二下三月月考.docx
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格致中学高二下三月月考.docx
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格致中学高二下三月月考
2019格致中学第二学期第一次测验
高二年级英语试卷(共10页)
(测试100分钟内完成,总分100分,试后交答题卷)
I.GrammarandVocabulary
SectionA
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
Theuseofanarchitecturalstylecannotbesaidtostartorfinishonaspecificdate.Buttheoriginsof(21)__________isnowgenerallyknownasmodernarchitecturecanbetracedbacktothesocialandtechnologicalchangesof18thand19thcenturies.
Technologicaladvancesenabledarchitectstocreatebuildingsbyusingthelatestmaterialsandalsobroughtaboutthedeclineofruralindustriesandanincreaseinurbanpopulations.Suchrapidanduncontrolledgrowthhelpedturnpartsofcitiesintoslums.Bythe1920sarchitectsthroughoutEuropewerereacting(22)__________theconditionscreatedbyindustrialization.Anewstyleofarchitecture,knownasModernism,emergedtoreflectmoreidealisticnotionsforthefuture.
Bythe1930smanybuildingsarisingfromthismovementweredesignedintheInternationalStyle,(23)__________(feature)thebolduseofnewmaterialsandsimpleforms.Thesewerestrippedofunnecessarydecorationthatwoulddetractfromtheirprimarypurpose–tobeusedorlivedin.WalterGropius,CharlesJeanneretandLudwigMieswereamong(24)__________(influential)architectswhocontributedtothedevelopmentofModernismatthattime.Buttheeconomicdepressionofthe1930sandWorldWarIIpreventedtheirideasfrombeingrealized(25)__________theeconomicconditionsimprovedandwartorncitieshadtoberebuilt.Bythe1950s,theInternationalStyledevelopedintoauniversalapproachtobuilding,whichstandardizedtheappearanceofnewbuildingsacrosstheworld.
Unfortunately,thisModernistinterestbecameexploitedforprofit.Therediscoveryofquick-and-easy-to-handlematerialsandanimprovedabilitytoprefabricatebuildingsectionsmeantthatbuilders(26)__________meetthebudgetsofcommissioningauthoritiesandhandlea(27)__________(renew)demandfordevelopmentquicklyandcheaply.Butthisledtomanybadlydesignedbuildings,whichdiscreditedtheoriginalaimsofModernism.
DisillusionmentatthefailureofmanyofthepoorimitationsofModernistarchitecturehasledtointerestinvariousstylesandideasfromthepastandpresent.Preservinghistoricbuildingsisgrowingcommon.ThearchitecturalstyleusuallyreferredtoasHigh-Techisalsoemerging.Thetrendinarchitecturenowfavorssmallerscalebuildingdesign(28)__________reflectsagrowingpublicawarenessofenvironmentalissues(29)____________________energyefficiency.LiketheModernists,peopletodayrecognizethatawelldesignedenvironmentimprovesthequalityoflife(30)__________isnotnecessarilyachievedbyadoptingonewelldefinedstyleofarchitecture.
SectionB
Directions:
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.faithB.supportC.underestimateD.reserveE.availableF.granting
G.welcomeH.reflectI.commitmentJ.failingK.unrealistic
Zooswereoriginallycreatedasplacesofentertainment,andtheirsuggestedinvolvementwithconservationdidn'tseriouslyariseuntilabout30yearsago,whentheZoologicalSocietyofLondonheldthefirstformalinternationalmeetingonthesubject.Eightyearslater,aseriesofworldconferencestookplace,entitled‘TheBreedingofEndangeredSpecies’,andfromthispointonwardsconservationbecamethezoocommunity'sbuzzword.This_31___hasnowbeenclearlydefinedinTheWorldZooConservationStrategy(WZCS),which--althoughanimportantand___32___document--doesseemtobebasedonan____33__optimismaboutthenatureofthezooindustry.
TheWZCSestimatesthatthereareabout10000zoosintheworld,ofwhicharound1000representacoreofqualitycollectionscapableofparticipatingincoordinatedconservationprogrammes.Thisisprobablythedocument'sfirst34,asIbelievethat10000isaserious___35__ofthetotalnumberofplaceswhichclaimtobezoologicalestablishments.Ofcourseitisdifficulttogetaccuratedatabut,toputtheissueintoperspective,IhavefoundthatinayearofworkinginEasternEurope,Idiscoverfreshzoosonalmostaweeklybasis.
ThesecondflawinthereasoningoftheWZCSdocumentisitsnaive__36____-inits1000corezoos.Onewouldassumethatthequalityoftheseinstitutionswouldhavebeencarefullyexamined,butitappearsthatthecriterionforinclusiononthisselectlistmightmerelybethatthezooisamemberofazoofederationorassociation.Thismightbeagoodstartingpoint,workingonthebasisthatmembersmustmeetcertainstandards,butagainthefactsdon’t____37___thetheory.ThegreatlyrespectedAmericanAssociationofZoologicalParksandAquariums(AAZPA)hashadextremelydubious,andevennotorious(臭名昭著的)members.Astheywerealwaysacollectionofbadreputation,oneisobligedto____38___uponthestandardsthattheZooFederationsetswhen____39____membership.Thesituationisevenworseindevelopingcountrieswherelittlemoneyis__40_____forredevelopment.
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Haveyoueverheardofcryosurgery?
Cryosurgeryinvolvesfreezingtissuestoextremelycooltemperatures.Itisaprocedureinwhich__41____bodytissuesaredestroyedby___42___themtoextremelycoldtemperatures.Thetemperaturesusedrangefrom-150°Ctoabsolutezero.Thesurgicalprocedurefreezesunhealthytissues,andthefreezingdestroysthe43.Forexternalinjuries,liquidnitrogen,whichhasatemperatureof-196°C,isapplied___44____tothecells.For___45____tumors(肿瘤),liquidnitrogenis__46___-throughaninstrumentcalledacryoprobe,alow-temperatureprobecooledbyliquidnitrogen.
Howdoescryosurgerydestroycells?
Theicecreatedbytheliquidnitrogenwilldestroynearlyallcellsthatit___47___incontactwith.Asiceformsaroundacell,thefreewaterinsidethecellis_______48.Thiscausesthecelltoshrinkandthewallsinsidethecelltocollapse.Poisonousproteinsorchemicalswithinthecellarereleased.49,astotheicearoundshrunkencellsbegins50,largeamountsoffreewaterrushbackinsidethecells,causingthemtoburst.Thedeadcellsarethenremovedthroughnormal__51___process.
Howwelldoescryosurgerywork?
The___52__hasprovedsuccessfulinremovingsometumors.Cryosurgerymaybeused___53____toremovefreckles(forcosmeticreasons)andtotreatsomeskincancers.ItisalsousedinthetreatmentofbonecancertofreezeinternalbonehollowCryosurgeryhasdevelopedfromthe___54____attemptstofreezetissueswithasalt-icemixtureinthe1850stothecomplicatedcryoprobemethodusedtoday.Despiteitssuccess,sideeffectsfromcryosurgerytendtobeworseifitisdoneinmenwhohavealreadyhadradiation55.Thereforethiskindofnewsurgeryisnotfitforeveryone.
41.A.healthyB.abnormalC.normalD.lively
42.A.exposingB.applyingC.adaptingD.leading
43.A.bodyB.proteinsC.chemicalsD.cells
44.A.completelyB.directlyC.rapidlyD.slowly
45.A.unhealthyB.internalC.externalD.healthy
46.A.floatedB.collapsedC.circulatedD.moved
47.A.wandersB.comesC.triesD.loses
48.A.drawnoffB.madeoutC.madeupD.carriedout
49.A.GenerallyB.EventuallyC.ImmediatelyD.Slowly
50.A.recoverB.shrinkC.meltD.grow
51.A.bodilyB.mentalC.chemicalD.surgical
52.A.practiceB.procedureC.developmentD.circulation
53.A.aswellB.asifC.asforD.aslongas
54.A.lastB.wrongC.firstD.right
55.A.methodB.removalC.operationD.therapy
SectionB
Directions:
Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
A
Havingasuccessfulmarriageisalmostimpossibleinthisageofquickdivorcesandeasydissolutions.Thechildrenoftodaywerebroughtupinalegalsystemthatdoesnotencouragetheformationoflastingbonds,betheyonesinmarriageorbusiness.Sportsfiguresareconstantlysigningcontractsoneyear,thenbreakingthemwithlittleornofussthenextyear.Achildalmostexpectsthatnothingwillremainthesameandthatthecontractsenteredintotodayarenotfirmandclearbutarealwaysamenabletochange.
Itisunfairandunrealisticofadultstocriticizetheyouthforenteringintomarriageswithlittleknowledgeoftheresponsibilitiestheytherebybring.Iftheadultshadnotshirkedtheirownresponsibilitiesinthefirstplace,theresponsibilitiesofmakingcommitmentsandstickingfirmlytothemwithnodoublestandards,theyouthwouldhavenoideaofnotremaininginacontractoramarriage.Itisthegenerationofthoseintheirfiftieswhocriticizethestandardsoftodaywhilethoroughlyignoringthestandardsofyesterday.
56.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______
A.WhyMarriagesFail
B.MarriageAsanOutdatedInstitution
C.LearningbyExample
D.ModernMarriage
57.Whatistheauthor'spurposeincitingthesportscontracts?
A.Toshowthatsportsfiguresareoverpaid.
B.Toshowthatsportsfigureshavenorespectforcontractsandcommitments.
C.
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