人版高中英语必修一第一单元测试题附附答案解析.docx
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人版高中英语必修一第一单元测试题附附答案解析.docx
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人版高中英语必修一第一单元测试题附附答案解析
第一单元
A
AnimalFriendlyCampsforChildren
SPCA(SocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals)campsarethebestchoiceforthechildrenwholoveanimals.Campersenjoyauniquelearningexperiencewithourfurryfriendsduringtheseone-weeksessions.
AtSanDiego’sAnimalAdventureCamp,youngercampersenjoyawiderangeofexposuretoanimalsandadoseoflifelessonsaswell.Petsareplayedwithinsidea“safetycircle,”aformationwherekidssitwitheachkneetouchinganeighbor’s.Childrenthenwaittobeapproached,learningtheanimalsshouldcometothemasopposedtochasingtheanimalsandcausingthemstress.Thencamperscreateone-of-a-kindtoysfortheirfavoritepups.
NewHampshireSPCASummerCampincludestheAnimalAdvocates—CampersPicksprogram.Kidschooseananimaltohelpitbeadopted.Theygettoknowit,itspersonality,andgetthewordout.Cagesignsarelovinglymadeandhungandcampersadvocatefortheanimalallweek.Then,whentheanimalfindsahome,theentirecampcelebrates.
CampersofallagesinteractcloselywithhorsesattheMSPCAatNevinsFarmChildren’sCampinMethuen,Massachusetts.Setona40-acrefarmwithaworkingbarn,theprogramintroducesrescuetrainingandtheequipmentusedtotransportaninjuredanimalintoanemergencyvehicletocampersofallages.Thisismanychildren’sfirsttimeinteractingwithlargeanimalsanditisthankstotheMSPCA'sscholarshipprogram.
WestchesterSPCACritterCampinBriarcliffManor,NewYorkkeepskidsbusyallday.Inadditiontoattendingananimalcrueltyworkshop,camperscreateAdoptMeflyersforthesheltereddogorcatthey’dlikemosttofindahome.Thenit’stimetopostthemaroundtheirneighborhoodanddosomelegwork.There’salsocraftingcattoys,bakingdogbiscuitsandpaintingpicturestobrightenthingsupinthedogfarm.
1.WhatcanchildrenlearnatSanDiego’sAnimalAdventureCamp?
A.Howtoapproachanimals.B.Howtofeedanimals.
C.Howtotakecareofanimals.D.Howtogetalongwithanimals.
2.Whichcamptrainschildrentosaveanimals?
A.SanDiego’sAnimalAdventureCamp.B.NewHampshireSPCASummerCamp.
C.WestchesterSPCACritterCamp.D.NevinsFarmChildren’sCamp.
3.WhatdoNewHampshireSPCASummerCampandWestchesterSPCACritterCamphaveincommon?
A.Botharesheltersforlargeanimals.B.Bothencourageanimaladoption.
C.Bothinvolvemakinganimaltoys.D.Bothtakeinendangeredanimals.
B
EverydaywhenGlenOliverordershismorningcoffeeatthedrive-throughwindowofalocalcafe,heinsistsonpayingfortheorderofthepersonbehindhim.Healsoaskstherestaurantworkerstotellthecustomertohaveagreatday,incasethey’renotalreadyhavingone.
OliverhasnevermadeabigdealoutofhisowngenerousactionsuntilaletterwaspublishedbyanewswebsiteinNovember.Hefoundoutthathehadnotjustboughtsomeonehisbreakfast—hehadsavedalife.
Accordingtothewebsite,someonehadwrittenaletterstatingthatonJuly18th,hewasplanningoncommittingsuicide.Thewritersaidthatwhilehewasatthedrive-throughwindow,hewasplanningongoinghome,writinganoteandendinghislife.Whenhewenttopayforhiscoffeeandmuffin,however,thecashiertoldhimthatthemanintheSUVinfrontofhimhadpickedupthetabandtoldhimtohaveagreatday.
“Iwonderedwhysomeonewouldbuycoffeeforastrangerfornoreason,”saidthewriter.“Whyme?
Whytoday?
IfIwereareligiousman,Iwouldtakethisasasign.Thisrandomactofkindnesswasdirectedatmeonthisdayforapurpose.”
Whenthewriterarrivedhome,hecouldn’tholdbackhistearsandstartedtothinkaboutthesimplegooddeedthathadaffectedhimsodeeply.“Idecidedatthatmomenttochangemyplansforthedayanddosomethingniceforsomeone.Iendeduphelpinganeighbortakegroceriesoutofhercarandintothehouse.”
Thewritersaysthatinthemonthsfollowingthatfatefulevent,hedoesatleastonekindthingforotherseveryday.“TothenicemanintheSUV,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart.Pleaseknowyourkindgesturehastrulysavedalife,”hesaid.“OnJuly18,2017,Ihadthegreatestday.”
4.WhatisOliver’sactofkindnesseveryday?
A.Buyingothersbreakfast.
B.Greetingrestaurantworkers.
C.Publishingpositivenews.
D.Takinggroceriesforneighbors.
5.WhatisspecialaboutOliver’sactofkindnessonJuly18,2017?
A.Itbroughthimthank-youletters.
B.Itwasreportedonanewswebsite.
C.Itwasthefirsttimehe’dpaidforothers.
D.Itstoppedsomeonefromkillinghimself.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pickedupthetab”meaninParagraph3?
A.Paidthebill.B.Parkedthecar.C.Leftamessage.D.Orderedadrink.
7.Howdidthewriteroftheletterfeelaftertheevent?
A.Hefeltguilty.B.Hefeltgrateful.
C.Hefeltconfused.D.Hefeltsaddened.
C
Artificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenundergoinggreatprogressinthelastdecade.AnAIprogramcanimitatehumanfunctionssuchasproblemsolvingandlearning.WhileAIoffersmuchpromiseforthedevelopmentofsmarterandmoreusefulmachines,italsofillsmanywithfearofadullfuturewheremillionsarethrownoutofwork,replacedbyrobotsandsmartmachines.
It’sperhapspossiblethathumanswillonedaybereducedtoservantsofourmachineoverlords,butacalmassessmentpredictsamixedeffectofAIonthejobmarket.Historyteachesusthatmachinesdoreplacehumans,butsomehowtherearestillplentyofjobsavailabletoday.
Thereasonisthatautomationcantaketheplaceoflaboroncertainjobs,butalsoaddslaborforotherjobsthatarenoteasilyautomated,makinglabormoreproductiveandactuallyincreasingthedemandforworkers.
Jobscomposedofrepetitivetasksaretheonesmostdefenselesstoautomation.Examplesincludingautomatedweavingmachines,ATMs,production-linewelders(焊接工)andphoneansweringsystems.Itmightseemthattheseadvanceswouldsimplythrowpeopleoutofwork.
Butlookattheexampleoftheweavingmachines.Theyincreasedproductivity50-foldanddroppedthepriceofclothby98percent.Thedemandforclothexplodedasthepricefell,thuscreatingmoreweaverjobs.Intheyearsbetween1830and1900,thenumberofweaverjobsincreased4-folddespiteautomation.Automationincreaseddemandforweavers,butalsochangedthenatureoftheweaver’sjob.AsimilarprocesshappenedwithATMs,whichdidn’tremovetheneedforhumantellers,whosenumbersactuallyhaverisensinceATMswereintroducedinthe1970s.
Theintelligentresponseisforthepublicandprivatesectorstocreateworkertrainingprogramstoteachnewskillsthatwillberequireddespitethespreadofautomation.Thiswillrequireallinvestmentinon-the-jobtrainingandlifelonglearning.
8.WhatcanweknowaboutAIfromParagraph1?
A.Ithasahistoryofnomorethan10years.
B.Itleavesmanypeopleworryingaboutjobloss.
C.Itisalreadytooadvancedtobefurtherimproved.
D.Itisunabletolearnorsolveproblemslikehumans.
9.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutautomationinParagraph2?
A.Itwillsurelyreducejobchancesforhumans.
B.Itwillcertainlyhelpimproveproductivity.
C.Itwi11enablemachinestoenslavehumans.
D.Itwilleventuallytaketheplaceofallhumanlabor.
10.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeoflistingtheexamplesinParagraph3?
A.Totellushowtoexpandthejobmarkettocutcosts.
B.Toexplainwhycertainjobssuffergreatlyfromautomation.
C.Toshowwhatisthebestwaytohaveproductivityimproved.
D.Toproveautomationdoesn’tnecessarilymakehumansjobless.
11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HowAIwilldevelopinthefuture
B.HowAIwilltransformthejobmarket
C.Howmanwillbenefitfromautomation
D.Howmanwillsurviveintheageofautomation
D
Thereisachangeofattitudetowardthepinkandbluedivideintoys.Target,thesecond-largestdiscountretailer(折扣零售店)intheUS,announcedin2015thatitwouldgetridofsignslabelingtoysforboysorforgirls.AUKcampaigncalledLetToysBeToysseekstogetretailerstostopdividingtoysandbooksforonegender(性别)only.
Researchershaveworriedabouttheeffectofhavingtoysthatweresosegregated(分开的) bygenderforsometime,saysLisaDinella,associateprofessoratMonmouthUniversity.
Clearlydividedpinkandbluetoys—withdollsandteasetsononesideandtrucksandbuildingblocksontheother—areactuallyaprettyrecentdevelopment.Asrecentlyasthe1970s,toyssoldintheUSwerenotalwaysmarketedwithcleargenderdistinctions.Bythe1980sand1990s,however,toysstartedtobecomemoregendersegregated,thoughitwasstillnotsosharplydividedastoday,saysElizabethSweet,alecturerinsociologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.
Whileitmayseemlikeasmallissue,toyshelpchildrentodevelopnewskills,saysDinella.Dollsandpretendkitchensaregoodatteachingkidsearlylanguageskills.BuildingblockslikeLegoandpuzzlesteachskillsrelatedtospace,whichhelpsetthegroundworkforlearningmath.“Bothgendersloseoutifweputkidsononetrackandtheycan'texplore,”saysDinella.
Someparentstrytointroduceothertypesoftoysandgetawayfromthestrictlypinkandbluedivide.Butit'sdifficultforparentstoignorethemarketingandgettheirkidstoysorcostumesmeantfortheothergender,saysDinella.Whilesomeparentstrytobroadenthetoystheirchildrenareexposedto,thereisoftenasocialcosttothechildforcrossinggenderboundaries.“Soitishardforparentstothrowouttherules,”shesays.
Researchershopethatoneday,toyswillstopbeingbrokenupbygenderandwillinsteadbecategorized(分类)bytype,likep
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