英美概况期末考试答案Word下载.doc
- 文档编号:14769452
- 上传时间:2022-10-24
- 格式:DOC
- 页数:15
- 大小:52.50KB
英美概况期末考试答案Word下载.doc
《英美概况期末考试答案Word下载.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英美概况期末考试答案Word下载.doc(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Thefirstforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclasses-thebourgeoisie[ˌbʊrʒwɑː'
ziː]andtheworkingclasswiththedevelopmentofcommerceandtrade,thebourgeoisiebecomeincreasinglypowerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy,sotheywantedtosharemorepowerwithfeudallords.
ThesecondforcewastheRenaissance['
renəsɑːns],whichwasmarkedbyachangingoutlookonlife.
ThethirdforcewastheReligiousReformation,areligiousforcemovementthatstartedfromGermany.
2.
WhatwastheuniqueAmericanphenomenon?
Howdiditcomeintobeing?
Doyouthinkitstillexistsintoday’sAmericansociety?
P36
Theenactment[ɪ'
næ
ktməntoflawsforthecolonyandtheenslavementofAfricanscombinedconstitutedauniqueAmericanphenomenon..
ontheonehand,theEnglishandotherEuropeanswenttoNorthAmericaforseekingfreedom.Ontheotherhand,theseverywhitepeoplewhowereseekingandfightingfortheirownfreedomdeprivedblackAfricansoftheirfreedom.
OnJuly30,1619,thefirstmeetingofanelectedlegislature,arepresentativeassembly,washeldinVirginia.Amonthlater,stillinVirginia,aDutchshipbroughtinover20NegroesasservantsforatermofyearstomakeastarttowardtheenslavementofAfricanswithinwhatwastobetheAmericanrepublic.
Thisphenomenonstillexistsintoday’sAmericansociety,suchastheracialdiscrimination.Untilnow,theblackpeoplestillreceivetheunfairprejudice.However,thesocietyinAmericaisfulloffreedom,especiallytothewhitepeople.Theyhavealotofrightsintheirlife.
3.
InwhatwaydidthepatternoffoundingofMarylandinfluenceAmericanculture?
In1648,LordBaltimoreappointedaProtestantgovernor,andthenextyear,theMarylandTolerationAct,whichassuredfreedomofworshiptoallwhobelievedinJesusChrist,waspassed.
Becausetheprotestantmajoritywerecapitalistic-mindedpeopleandrefusedtocarryoutthefeudalplan,andbecausethewildernessofNorthAmericaprovidedplentyoflandwhilelaborwasscarce,itwasimpossibleforLordBaltimoretohavehisfeudalplanexecuted.Notlongafterthefoundingofhiscolony,thefeudalexperimentalplanwasdropped,andthecolony,likeothercoloniesinNorthAmerica,followedacapitalistdevelopmentroad.
4.InwhatwaydidPuritanisminfluenceAmericanculture?
P37-38
ThePuritansbelievedthateveryonehadacalling,whichwasgivenbyGod.Workinghardandlivingamorallifeweretheirethics,andtheyconcludedthattheBiblewastheauthorityoftheirdoctrine,soeducationwasessentialforPuritans.
ThePuritanshopedtobuild“acityuponhill”-anidealcommunity.Sincethattime,Americanshaveviewedtheircountryasagreatexperiment,aworthymodelforothernations.ThissenseofmissionhasbeenverystronginthemindsofmanyAmericans.
NewEnglandalsoestablishedanotherAmericantradition—astrainofoftenintolerantmoralism.ThePuritansbelievedthatgovernmentsshouldenforceGod'
smorality.Theystrictlypunisheddrunks,adulterers,violatorsoftheSabbathandotherreligiousbelieversdifferentfromthemselves.RogerWilliams,oneofthePuritanswhoprotestedthatthestateshouldnotinterferewithreligion,wasdrivenoutofMassachusetts.In1635,hesetupRhodeIslandcolony,whichguaranteedreligiousfreedomandtheseparationofChurchandstate.ThePuritansalsohaveleftrichculturalheritagetofutureAmericans.TheAmericanvaluessuchasindividualism,hardwork,respectofeducationoweverymuchtothePuritanbeliefs.
ThePoliticalSystem
1.Whatisafederalsystem?
Afederalsystemisoneinwhichpowerissharedbetweenacentralauthorityanditsconstituentparts,withsomerightsreservedtoeach.TheConstitutionspecifiedexactlywhatpowerthecentralgovernmenthadandwhichpowerwasreservedforthestates.
2.HowdidthedelegatesfromtheearlyBritishcoloniesdesigntheconstitution?
InthecourseoftheConvention,thedelegatesdesignedanewformofgovernmentfortheUnitedStates.TheplanforthegovernmentwaswritteninverysimplelanguageinadocumentcalledtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.InwritingtheConstitution,thedelegateshadtodealwithtwomainfearssharesbymostAmericans.
3.WhatwerethetwomainfearssharedbyAmericanswhilewritingtheconstitutionandhowdidtheydealwiththem?
P52-53
Onefearwasthatonepersonorgroup,includingthemajority,mightbecametoopowerfulorbeabletoseizecontrolofthecountryandcreateatyranny.Toguardagainstthispossibility,thedelegatessetupagovernmentconsistingofthreeparts,orbranches,theexecutive,thelegislativeandthejudicial.Eachbranchhasawayofcounteractinga
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 概况 期末考试 答案
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)